Chapter 21: Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes Flashcards
S. Aures
- gram positive
- cocci
- coagulates
- Exfoliative toxin
- Causes: TSS (superantigen) and MRSA (antibiotic resistance)
characteristics of invasion
- sty/folliculitis
- funicle
- carbuncle / draining pus
S. Aures causes
- invasion
- scaled skin syndrom
- toxic shock syndrom
- impetigo of the newborn
sty
folliculitis of the eyelash
folliculitis
infection of the hair follicles
furuncle
pus surrounded by inflamed tissues
- pus, redness, and swelling
Carbuncle
inflammation of the tissue under the skin
Impetigo (of newborns)
yellowish , inflamed, crusting sores
Scaled Skin Syndrom (SSS) characterisitics
- redness
- blisters
- clear fluid (contagious)
- peal off skin
Exfoliated Exotoxin
- breaks ester bonds of the skin
- causes Scaled Skin Syndrome
Scaled Skin Syndrome is a danger because of
secondary infection
Toxic shock syndrom is caused by
- tampons
- surgical wounds
- childbirth
Symptoms of toxic shock syndrome
- fever
- aches
- nausea, vomiting
- confusion
- kidneys
- shock
what are tampon the most common causes of Toxic Shock Syndrome
- nutrient rich (blood)
- abrasive material
- insertion = portal of entry
what are some precaution you should take before inserting a tampon to prevent s. aureus
- hand-washing (before and after)
- pads
- lowing absorbency of the tampon
s. pyogenes
Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (forms clear zone)
- Aka: gas organism
- produces: hemolysins, hyaluronidase, streptokinases
- has M proteins
- grows by blood agar
s pyogenes causes
- Impetigo of school age children (3-5years old)
- Erysipelas
- Invasion
Erysipelas
- dermal layer lesions
- red patches with margins
s pyogenes invasion causes + steps
- necrotizing pascitis (flesh eating disease due to exotoxin A
1. entery
2. exoenzyme
3. exotoxin
4. mulitple organ failure
5. dealth (50%)
Pseudomonas arguniosa characteristics
- gram negative bacteria
- aerobic
- rod
- opportunistic infection: grows in flower vases, mop water, liquid antibiotics, antiseptics (carbon)
- contain flagella (mono or lopho)
- secrete blue or green pigment
- psycotrophic organism
Pseudomonas arginosa causes
- dermatitis / rash
- otitis externa (swimmers ear)
- post burn infection (blue/green pus)
- in CF patients evades phagocytosis
propionibacterium acnes
- gram positive
- anaerobic (EXCEPTION: all others are fermatators)
- rod
- causes acne
warts are caused by
papillomavirus
what are the 5 wart treatments
- cryotherapy / freezing
- electrodesication / cauterization (burinng)
- salicilic acid (over the counter)
- laser surgery
5.
how to prevent warts
vaccine (4 strains)
warts are associated with
70% of cervical cancers, and throat cancer
watrs
epidermal perfusions/infection (superfical)
how are warts spread
fomite; sexual(genetal warts)
how many species of warts are there
50
plantar warts
- most painful
- caused by being barefoot at the swimming pool
herpes simple virus 1
- latent
- reoccurance (lips)
- spread: oral / respitory
- cause: cold sores / fever blisters
herpes simple virus 1 is most common in
healthcare workers/ medical personel
HSV-1 hides in
CH5
- trigcminal nerve
HSV-2 hides in
the sacral nerve ganglion
HSV-2
- latent
- reoccurrence (can cause herpes encephalitis)
- spread: sexual contact
- casues: genital sores
treatment for HSV-2
Acyclovir
HSV-3 is also known as
chicken pox
HSV-3 hides in
the dorsal route ganglion
HSV-3
- latent
- reoccurance
- casued by vercella-zoster virus
- spread:respitory route
- incubation (1-2 weeks)
- Exantum (respitory tract –> blood –> skin)
HSV-3 incubation stages (4)
- macular demostration
- papule
- vessicle
- pustule
HSV-3 treatment
- Acyclovir
- vaccine
Acyclouvir
- Gaumine
- shuts down DNA synthesis
trachoma is caused by
Clamydia trachomitis
Clamydia trachomitis
- spread through air and interpersonal contact
- coccobacillus
- aeorobic
- Casues: blindness/trachoma, non-gonochoccal urthristis (NGU), lympho granuloma enereum (LGV)
trachoma is most common in
- unsanitary conditions
- inavaliabilty of antibiotic supple
stages of trachoma
conjectivitis –> inturned eyelids
–> cornea –> abraded –> trachomitis –> blindness
what is the difference in bacterial and viral conjectivitis
pus is present in bacterial conjectivitis
what are the causes of conjectivitis
- bacterial: psudomonas species
- viral
conjunctivitis symptoms
- red swollen eyes
- watery
- sensitivity
exanthem
skin rash arising from another focus of infection
example of exanthems
- smallpox
- chickenpox
- measles
- rubella
Latent chicken pox becomes
shingelles
rumbola is also known as
red measles
rumbola is spread through
the respitory route
Rumbola and rubella can be prevented by
the MMR vaccine
- no antiviral medication
Rumbola is dangerous in
infants/ pregnancy
symptoms of rumbola
- cold symptoms
- conjectivitis
- macular (spotted) rash
-Koplik spots + red oral rash - otitis media (children)
- Encephalitis (can become SSPE)
rubella
- discovered in germany
- mild
- pink rash
- dangerous in pregnancy (congenital rubella syndrome, mental retardation, cataracts)
