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HLST124: Microbiology > Chapter 21: Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes > Flashcards

Chapter 21: Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes Flashcards

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1
Q

S. Aures

A
  • gram positive
  • cocci
  • coagulates
  • Exfoliative toxin
  • Causes: TSS (superantigen) and MRSA (antibiotic resistance)
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2
Q

characteristics of invasion

A
  • sty/folliculitis
  • funicle
  • carbuncle / draining pus
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2
Q

S. Aures causes

A
  1. invasion
  2. scaled skin syndrom
  3. toxic shock syndrom
  4. impetigo of the newborn
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2
Q

sty

A

folliculitis of the eyelash

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3
Q

folliculitis

A

infection of the hair follicles

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4
Q

furuncle

A

pus surrounded by inflamed tissues
- pus, redness, and swelling

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5
Q

Carbuncle

A

inflammation of the tissue under the skin

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6
Q

Impetigo (of newborns)

A

yellowish , inflamed, crusting sores

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7
Q

Scaled Skin Syndrom (SSS) characterisitics

A
  • redness
  • blisters
  • clear fluid (contagious)
  • peal off skin
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8
Q

Exfoliated Exotoxin

A
  • breaks ester bonds of the skin
  • causes Scaled Skin Syndrome
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9
Q

Scaled Skin Syndrome is a danger because of

A

secondary infection

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10
Q

Toxic shock syndrom is caused by

A
  • tampons
  • surgical wounds
  • childbirth
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11
Q

Symptoms of toxic shock syndrome

A
  • fever
  • aches
  • nausea, vomiting
  • confusion
  • kidneys
  • shock
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12
Q

what are tampon the most common causes of Toxic Shock Syndrome

A
  • nutrient rich (blood)
  • abrasive material
  • insertion = portal of entry
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13
Q

what are some precaution you should take before inserting a tampon to prevent s. aureus

A
  • hand-washing (before and after)
  • pads
  • lowing absorbency of the tampon
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14
Q

s. pyogenes

A

Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (forms clear zone)
- Aka: gas organism
- produces: hemolysins, hyaluronidase, streptokinases
- has M proteins
- grows by blood agar

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15
Q

s pyogenes causes

A
  • Impetigo of school age children (3-5years old)
  • Erysipelas
  • Invasion
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16
Q

Erysipelas

A
  • dermal layer lesions
  • red patches with margins
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17
Q

s pyogenes invasion causes + steps

A
  • necrotizing pascitis (flesh eating disease due to exotoxin A
    1. entery
    2. exoenzyme
    3. exotoxin
    4. mulitple organ failure
    5. dealth (50%)
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18
Q

Pseudomonas arguniosa characteristics

A
  • gram negative bacteria
  • aerobic
  • rod
  • opportunistic infection: grows in flower vases, mop water, liquid antibiotics, antiseptics (carbon)
  • contain flagella (mono or lopho)
  • secrete blue or green pigment
  • psycotrophic organism
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19
Q

Pseudomonas arginosa causes

A
  • dermatitis / rash
  • otitis externa (swimmers ear)
  • post burn infection (blue/green pus)
  • in CF patients evades phagocytosis
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20
Q

propionibacterium acnes

A
  • gram positive
  • anaerobic (EXCEPTION: all others are fermatators)
  • rod
  • causes acne
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21
Q

warts are caused by

A

papillomavirus

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22
Q

what are the 5 wart treatments

A
  1. cryotherapy / freezing
  2. electrodesication / cauterization (burinng)
  3. salicilic acid (over the counter)
  4. laser surgery
    5.
23
Q

how to prevent warts

A

vaccine (4 strains)

24
Q

warts are associated with

A

70% of cervical cancers, and throat cancer

25
Q

watrs

A

epidermal perfusions/infection (superfical)

26
Q

how are warts spread

A

fomite; sexual(genetal warts)

27
Q

how many species of warts are there

A

50

28
Q

plantar warts

A
  • most painful
  • caused by being barefoot at the swimming pool
29
Q

herpes simple virus 1

A
  • latent
  • reoccurance (lips)
  • spread: oral / respitory
  • cause: cold sores / fever blisters
30
Q

herpes simple virus 1 is most common in

A

healthcare workers/ medical personel

31
Q

HSV-1 hides in

A

CH5
- trigcminal nerve

32
Q

HSV-2 hides in

A

the sacral nerve ganglion

33
Q

HSV-2

A
  • latent
  • reoccurrence (can cause herpes encephalitis)
  • spread: sexual contact
  • casues: genital sores
34
Q

treatment for HSV-2

A

Acyclovir

35
Q

HSV-3 is also known as

A

chicken pox

36
Q

HSV-3 hides in

A

the dorsal route ganglion

37
Q

HSV-3

A
  • latent
  • reoccurance
  • casued by vercella-zoster virus
  • spread:respitory route
  • incubation (1-2 weeks)
  • Exantum (respitory tract –> blood –> skin)
38
Q

HSV-3 incubation stages (4)

A
  • macular demostration
  • papule
  • vessicle
  • pustule
39
Q

HSV-3 treatment

A
  • Acyclovir
  • vaccine
40
Q

Acyclouvir

A
  • Gaumine
  • shuts down DNA synthesis
41
Q

trachoma is caused by

A

Clamydia trachomitis

42
Q

Clamydia trachomitis

A
  • spread through air and interpersonal contact
  • coccobacillus
  • aeorobic
  • Casues: blindness/trachoma, non-gonochoccal urthristis (NGU), lympho granuloma enereum (LGV)
43
Q

trachoma is most common in

A
  • unsanitary conditions
  • inavaliabilty of antibiotic supple
44
Q

stages of trachoma

A

conjectivitis –> inturned eyelids
–> cornea –> abraded –> trachomitis –> blindness

45
Q

what is the difference in bacterial and viral conjectivitis

A

pus is present in bacterial conjectivitis

46
Q

what are the causes of conjectivitis

A
  • bacterial: psudomonas species
  • viral
47
Q

conjunctivitis symptoms

A
  • red swollen eyes
  • watery
  • sensitivity
48
Q

exanthem

A

skin rash arising from another focus of infection

49
Q

example of exanthems

A
  • smallpox
  • chickenpox
  • measles
  • rubella
50
Q

Latent chicken pox becomes

A

shingelles

51
Q

rumbola is also known as

A

red measles

52
Q

rumbola is spread through

A

the respitory route

53
Q

Rumbola and rubella can be prevented by

A

the MMR vaccine
- no antiviral medication

54
Q

Rumbola is dangerous in

A

infants/ pregnancy

55
Q

symptoms of rumbola

A
  • cold symptoms
  • conjectivitis
  • macular (spotted) rash
    -Koplik spots + red oral rash
  • otitis media (children)
  • Encephalitis (can become SSPE)
56
Q

rubella

A
  • discovered in germany
  • mild
  • pink rash
  • dangerous in pregnancy (congenital rubella syndrome, mental retardation, cataracts)

HLST124: Microbiology (18 decks)

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