Chapter 2: Chemical Principles Flashcards
1
Q
Proteins
A
- made up of amino acids
- organic molecules that contain C, H, O, N, S
- essential for structure and function
-some have helical shape and some have pleated sheets
2
Q
Amino Acids
A
“building blocks”
- An organic acid containing an amino group and a carboxyl group
3
Q
Enzymes
A
- proteins that speed (catalyze) up chemical reactions in a living organism, usually a protein. Also a ribosome
4
Q
dipeptide
A
- 2 amino acids joined together
5
Q
tripeptide
A
- 3 amino acids joined together
6
Q
primary polypeptide chain
A
- polypeptide strand (amino acid sequence)
7
Q
Secondary structure
A
- helix and pleated sheet (three polypeptide strands)
8
Q
Tertiary Structure
A
- 3 dimentional folding of polypeptide chain
9
Q
Quintary structure
A
- the relationship of several folded polypeptide chains forming a protien
EXAMPLE: collogen, Hb
10
Q
Denaturation
A
- disruption of secondary, tertiary, or quatenary structure
- breaking down
- a change in the molecular structure of a protein, usuallymakin git nonfunctional
11
Q
Dehydration synthesis
A
- building of amino acids that form peptide bonds
- condensation reaction
- reaction in which a water molecule is relased from a reaction
12
Q
ATP
A
Adenosien Triphosphate
- Contains: ribose sugar, adenine, and three phosphate groups
- stores chemical energy
- energy is released when the phosphate bond is broken
13
Q
Nucleic Acids
A
- DNA and RNA
- discovered in the nucleus of cells
14
Q
DNA
A
2 - deoxyribonucleic Acid
- made up of nucleotides
- double helix
- alternating sugar and phosphate groups form the backbone of the twisted latter; rungs of the double helix made up of nitrogen bases
15
Q
Function of DNA
A
determines hereditary raits
