Chapter 18: The Impact of Economic, Social and Religious Developments in the Early Years of Elizabeth’s Rule Flashcards
What were current social problems?
- Fall in real wages
- Social distress
- Increase in unapprenticed men
- Increase in vagabondage and crime
How was inflation a problem?
- Debasement of coinage
What was done about inflation?
- Follow Mary’s plan for recoinage
- 1561
What impact did actions against inflation have?
- Limited short term impact as households hoarded debased coins and continued to use them
How was vagabondage a problem?
- Concerns on its increase as well as increasing crime and masterless men
What actions were taken against vagabondage?
- Statute of Artifices 1563
- Fixed prices, max wages, regulated training and implemented a 7 yr apprenticeship
How effective were actions against vagabondage?
- Very hard to enforce even by JPs in their own regions
How was poverty a problem?
- Inflation
- Poor harvests
- Church welfare gone
What actions were taken against poverty?
- Poor law act 1563
- Extended the 1555 act to give fines for those who refused to contribute to poor relief if asked
How effective were actions against poverty?
- Limited impact
In what ways was the religious settlement accepted?
- Muted reaction from catholics and protestants
- Radicals saw it only as a starting point to happy to accept for now
- Philip wanted to maintain relations and catholics followed him
- Refusal minimal compared to 800 protestants fleeing Mary’s rule
- 8000 in 10000 clergy accepted the 39 articles of 1563
In what ways was the religious settlement opposed?
- Some ministers ignored the book of common prayer
- JPs in 1564 said only 1/2 of clergy accepted
- 400 clergy resigned or lost their livings
- 1559 Act of Exchange meaning taxes intended for Rome given to the queen very unpopular
When, where and who was in the northern rebellion?
- 1569
- Yorkshire
- Norfolk, Northumberland, Westmorland
What were motives of the northern rebellion?
- Religion
- Want Norfolk to marry MQS and her be a catholic queen
- 5 wounds of christ on banners
- Also politically want more control
What were the events of the northern rebellion?
- Capture Durham cathedral
- Have catholic mass
- Burn protestant prayer books
What was the crown response to the northern rebellion?
- Moved MAS closer to London (Tetbury to Coventry)
- Couldn’t be taken by the rebels
- Sent troops
How did the rebellion fail?
- Heard about the troops and retreat and scatter
- Earls abandon
- Poor leadership and disorganised
What crown actions were taken after the northern rebellion?
- 700 rebels killed including northumberland
- Council of the North reconstituted 1572 controlled by Earl of Huntingdon - no local loyalties and puritan
- Allowed for complete Tudor control
