Chapter 10: English Society in the Reign of Henry VIII Flashcards
1
Q
What happened to the number of nobles?
A
- Increased
- 9 new by end
2
Q
How could becoming a noble be achieved at this time? - give examples
A
- Family ties - Edward Seymour = Earl of Hertford
3
Q
What was up with Dukes?
A
- Only one at start of reign - Buckingham - disliked
- Norfolk and Suffolk promoted to dukes
- Norfolk got position his father had had
- Suffolk moved up due to friendship with king
4
Q
How were these nobles used?
A
- Given property to help extend authority of monarch
- Suffolk given land in Lincolnshire to after Pilgrimage of Grace
- John, Baron Russel given land in Devon to extend authority after execution of the Marquess of Exeter
- Used to raise armies - Earl of Shrewsbury raised 4000+ men for war with France 1513
5
Q
How did Henry make examples to prevent things like Bastard feudalism?
A
- Thomas Fiennes, Baron Dacre of the South
- Tried and convicted of the murder of a neighbour’s servant
- Hung like a common criminal
6
Q
What other nobles fell to tightened treason restrictions?
A
- Duke of Buckingham - vague charges - 1521
- Relatives to king - Henry Pole Baron Montague, Henry Courtenay Marquess of Exeter - conspiracy - 1538
- Lord Darcey and Hussey executed for roles in uprising 1536
7
Q
What are some statistics of the gentry?
A
- 1540 - 5000 ish gentry families
- 1524 - 200 knightly families
8
Q
How were the gentry used?
A
- Used as JPs - number increased
- Pulled them into unpaid administrative roles - inc loyalty as they wanted to gain royal favour - reduced reliance in nobility
9
Q
How did education tendencies change for the gentry?
A
- Families favoured a legal education as this was more in need at court - moving away from clergy especially and nobility
10
Q
How did lives for the commoners change?
A
- Little change in first half of reign
- Then increased inflation, drop in real income
- Small outbreaks of disorder
- Impacted by dissolution of monasteries - less education and healthcare available
11
Q
What was Wales like before?
A
- Separate territory
- In practice under English control
- Had no unified administration or proper political link to England
- Made of border lordships and the Principality of Wales
12
Q
What changed for Wales?
A
- 1536 Wales Act
- Divided into counties with MPs - direct representation in government
- Gave them the same legal structure as England
- More emphasis on English - government and politics in English - Welsh declined - limited to lower classes
13
Q
What happened to the Anglo-Welsh border?
A
- Bordering counties became the council of Wales
- Nobles and gentry helped in its control - e.g. Pembroke
14
Q
What were the Palatines?
A
- Lancashire, Cheshire, Durham
- Were separate from the crown
- Durham was most separate - jurisdiction came from the bishop
15
Q
How was control changed in the Palatines?
A
- 1536 Act resuming liberties to the crown
- Lancashire and Cheshire cam back under royal rule
- Bishop’s power decreased but still remained - e.g. Palatine court of chancery remained