Chapter 17: Elizabeth I: Character and Aims Flashcards
1
Q
What were Elizabeth’s aims on becoming queen?
A
- Consolidation of power
- Settle religious issues
- End war with France
2
Q
What were events of Elizabeth’s accession?
A
- Proclaimed queen in parliament on Mary’s death - should really have closed parliament - loyalty of elite to her
- 9 councillors rode to her to confirm loyalty
- Cecil = principal secretary
- Keeps Mary’s councillors guessing to ensure loyalty
- Coronation - January 1559
3
Q
What was the Act of Supremacy?
A
- 1559
- Rejected papal supremacy
- Repealed heresy laws
- Elizabeth = supreme governor
- Clergy needed the oath of supremacy
4
Q
What was the Act of Uniformity?
A
- 1559
- New book of common prayer - compromise on communion and transubstantiation
- Allowed ornaments present in the 2nd year of
Edward’s reign
5
Q
What was in the Royal Injunctions?
A
- 1559
- Remove superstitious things, simpler altars, no pilgrimage
- Clergy wives must be acceptable
- All parishes need an English bible
6
Q
What was the 39 articles?
A
- 1563
- Leading clergy part of the convocation of the church
- Calvinist / radical aims not fully adapted
7
Q
What were attitudes to the settlement?
A
- Puritan choir - may have forced her into a more protestant stance
- Catholic bishops and conservatives saw it as too radical
7
Q
What was the background to intervention in Scotland?
A
- 1559 Henry II France died, Francis II & MQS king
- French troops sent to man scottish fortresses
- Knox and Lords of congregation ask England for help as fellow protestants
8
Q
What interventions was given and why?
A
- Cecil pressured Elizabeth into helping
- Began as just money and arms
- 1559 - navy sent to stop French troops landing
- 1560 - Army blockade Leith (where French troops were)
9
Q
How did the war in Scotland end?
A
- 1560 - storm damaged the French fleet - forced to withdraw
- Francis II died - MQS sent back
10
Q
What treaty ended the intervention in Scotland?
A
- Treaty of Edinburgh 1560
- Peace and protestant scottish government
11
Q
How did the previous French war end?
A
- 1559 treaty of Câteau-Cambrésis
- France given Calais for 8 years and then either pay £ 125,000 or return it to England
12
Q
What was happening in France at this time?
A
- 1562
- Civil war between catholics and protestants
13
Q
How and why did
England intervene in France?
A
- Dudley encouraged English intervention
- Provide protestant Huguenots with men and money
14
Q
How did the war in
france end?
A
- Army defeated and Huguenot prince captured
15
Q
What treaty ended the French war?
A
- Treaty of Troyes 1564
- Permanent loss of Calais
