Chapter 17 Flashcards
last night
anoche
yesterday
ayer
the day before yesterday
anteayer
ago (when used before a period of time in the past)
hace
two days ago
hace dos días
past, last
pasado
last week
la semana pasada
last month
el mes pasado
last year
el año pasado
We were at school at 11 this morning.
Estuvimos en la escuela a las once esta mañana.
Where were you last night?
¿Dónde estuviste anoche?
My students were in class yesterday at 3.
Mis estudiantes estuvieron en clase ayer a las tres.
My friend had the flu last month, but he’s fine today.
Mi amigo estuvo con gripe el mes pasado, pero está bien hoy.
the flu
la gripe
Isabel and her sister were sick on Tuesday, but they’re much better today.
Isabel y su hermana estuvieron enfermas el martes, pero están mucho mejor hoy.
How were you this morning?
¿Cómo estuviste tú esta mañana?
Were you in a bad humor (mood) yesterday?
¿Estuviste de mal humor ayer?
The women were happy until 2.
Las mujeres estuvieron alegres hasta las dos.
We were sad for an hour.
Estuvimos tristes por una hora.
Antonio was the doctor of our town.
Antonio fue médico de nuestro pueblo.
I was a singer a long time ago.
Fui cantante hace mucho tiempo.
Were you(fm) the teacher of the class?
¿Fue Ud. la maestra de la clase?
He was a good man.
Fue un buen hombre.
We were friends.
Fuimos amigos.
The negotiations were in favor of peace.
Las negociaciones fueron a favor de la paz.
She is a professor today, but before, she was a flight attendant.
Ella es profesora hoy, pero antes fue azafata.
I was a manager for two years.
Yo fui gerente por dos años.
We were very happy(content) yesterday because we won the lottery.
Nosotros estuvimos muy contentos ayer porque nos ganamos la lotería.
Why is Manuel in jail without telling us anything?
¿Por qué estuvo Manuel en la cárcel sin decirnos nada?
They were in the supermarket today to buy food.
Ellos estuvieron en el supermercado hoy para comprar alimentos.
Last week, Raul was in Mexico. He returned home yesterday.
La semana pasada, Raúl estuvo en México. Regresó a casa ayer.
The boys were sick the day before yesterday, but they are okay today.
Los muchachos estuvieron enfermos anteayer, pero están bien hoy.
It was a good idea.
Fue una buena idea.
Where was Federico’s family this afternoon?
¿Dónde estuvo la familia de Federico esta tarde?
Who(pl) was in the library at 9:30 this morning?
¿Quiénes estuvieron en la librería a las nueve y media esta mañana?
I was about to go on vacation, but I lacked courage.
Yo estuve por irme de vacaciones, pero me faltó valor.
We were standing up for the majority of the concert.
Nosotros estuvimos de pie la mayor parte del concierto.
the jail
la cárcel
The singer was marvelous. (as a fact!)
La cantante fue maravillosa.
The singer was marvelous. (as an opinion)
La cantante estuvo maravillosa.
I liked the class. I was good. (as a fact!)
Me gustó la clase. Fue buena.
I liked the class. I was good. (as an opinion.
Me gustó la clase. Estuvo buena.
The lovers were in the shade of a tree.
Los enamorados estaban a la sombra de un árbol.
shade
la sombra
The pen was under the table.
El bolígrafo estaba debajo de la mesa.
Where were you last night?
¿Dónde estaban Uds. anoche?
We were in the theater.
Estábamos en el teatro.
The man was tired, but he continued with his work.
El hombre estaba cansado, pero siguió con su trabajo.
The patients were in the hospital because they were sick.
Las pacientes estaban en el hospital porque estaban enfermas.
Why was the woman sad?
¿Por qué estaba triste la mujer?
The children were happy because of not having clases.
Los niños estaban alegres por no tener clases.
The meal was good.
La comida estaba buena.
The fish was delicious.
El pescado estaba delicioso.
The women was (looked) pretty.
La mujeres estaban bonitas.
The house was white.
La casa era blanca.
Our neighbor was old, but he had black hair.
Nuestro vecino era viejo, pero tenía el pelo negro.
It was a hot day in the month of July when we saw each other.
Era un caluroso día del mes de julio cuando nos vimos.
It was August, I remember it well.
Era agosto, recuerdo bien.
hot day
caluroso día
The man was from Peru.
El hombre era de Perú.
His friends were from Chile.
Sus amigos eran de Chile.
The red flowers were from Bolivia.
Las flores rojas eran de Bolivia.
It was 5 o’clock and Federico was going to the store for the last time.
Eran las cinco y Federico iba a la tienda por última vez.
What time was it? It was 2 in the afternoon.
¿Qué hora era? Eran las dos de la tarde.
It was nine at night and the children were sleeping.
Eran las nueve de la noche y los niños dormían.
It was ten to three in the afternoon when the professor arrived.
Eran las tres menos diez de la tarde cuando el profesor llegó.
He was a good man.
Era una buen hombre.
My uncle was always taller than me.
Mi tío siempre era más alto que yo.
We were always good friends.
Éramos siempre buenos amigos.
We were good friends. (friendship is over)
Fuimos buenos amigos.
We were good friends. (could still be)
Éramos buenos amigos.
It was good. (and it’s over)
Fue bueno.
It was good.
Era bueno.
I am from Venezuela.
Yo soy de Venezuela.
They are from Spain.
Ellos son de España.
What time is it?
¿Qué hora es?
We are good.
Nosotros estamos bien.
My garden is the most beautiful in the city.
Mi jardín es el más hermoso de la ciudad.
The three friends are here.
Los tres amigos están aquí.
I am not tired.
No estoy cansada.
We’re singers.
Somos cantantes.
Where are you?
¿Dónde estás?
I am in the house with my sister.
Yo estoy en la casa con mi hermana.
I was from Venezuela.
Yo era de Venezuela.
They were from Spain.
Ellos eran de España.
What time was it?
¿Qué hora era?
We were fine.
Nosotros estábamos bien.
My garden was the most beautiful in the city.
Mi jardín era el más hermoso de la ciudad.
The three friends were here.
Los tres amigos estaban aquí.
I was not tired.
Yo no estaba cansada.
We were singers.
Éramos cantantes.
Where were you?
¿Dónde estabas?
I was in the house with my sister.
Yo estaba en la casa con mi hermana.
Lorenzo was a writer. Now he’s a firefighter.
Lorenzo fue escritor. Ahora es bombero.
I was a waitress. Now I’m a teacher.
Yo fui camarero. Ahora soy maestro.
We were in the back precisely at 9 this morning.
Nosotros estuvimos en el banco precisamente a las nueve esta mañana.
Yesterday was a day of a lot of rain. It’s good weather today.
Ayer, era un día de mucha lluvia. Hace buen tiempo hoy.
The patient was in the doctor’s office at 7 in the morning for his operation.
El paciente estuvo en la oficina del doctor a las siete de la mañana para su operación.
Carlos was a manager for 2 years.
Carlos fue gerente por dos años.
It was the last time that I went to the beach.
Fue la última vez que yo fui a la playa.
Who was the president in 1992?
¿Quién era el presidente en el año mil novecientos noventa y dos?
The situation was not that serious.
La situación no era tan grave.
It was 2 when the alarm clock rang.
Era los dos cuando sonó el despertador.
The man was from Peru.
El hombre era de Perú.
What day was it when she graduated?
¿Qué día era cuando ella se graduó?
I liked the theatrical play. It was good.
Me gustó la obra de teatro. Fue buena.
We were sick yesterday, but we feel fine today.
Nosotros estuvimos enfermos ayer, pero nos sentimos bien hoy.
It was difficult to remember everything.
Era difícil recordar todo.
It was a good idea, but we’re not going to use it.
Fue una buena idea, pero no vamos a usarla.
the alarm clock
el despertador
I helped
yo ayudé
you helped
tú ayudaste
you(fm) helped
Ud. ayudó
we helped
nosotros ayudamos
you all helped
Uds. ayudaron
I thought
yo pensé
you thought
tú pensaste
she thought
ella pensó
we thought
nosotros pensamos
they(f) thought
ellas pensaron
I sang
yo canté
you sang
tú cantaste
he sang
él cantó
we sang
nosotros cantamos
they sang
ellos cantaron
I remembered
yo recordé
you remembered
tú recordaste
she remembered
ella recordó
we remembered
nosotros recordamos
they(f) remembered
ellas recordaron
I ate
yo comí
you ate
tú comiste
he ate
él comió
we ate
nosotros comimos
they ate
ellos comieron
I saw
yo vi
you saw
tú viste
you(fm) saw
Ud. vio
we saw
nosotros vimos
you all saw
Uds. vieron
I understood
yo entendí
he understood
tú entendiste
she understood
ella entendió
we understood
nosotros entendimos
they(f) understood
ellas entendieron
I shared
yo compartí
you shared
tú compartiste
he shared
él compartió
we shared
nosotros compartimos
they shared
ellos compartieron
I discovered
yo descubrí
you discovered
tú descubriste
you(fm) discovered
Ud. descubrió
we discovered
nosotros descubrimos
you all discovered
Uds. descubrieron
I went out
yo salí
you went out
tú saliste
she went out
ella salió
we went out
nosotros salimos
they(f) went out
ellas salieron
I lied
yo mentí
you lied
tú mentiste
you(fm) lied
Ud. mintió
we lied
nosotros mentimos
you all lied
Uds. mintieron
I requested
yo pedí
you requested
tú pediste
he requested
él pidió
we requested
nosotros pedimos
they requested
ellos pidieron
I slept
yo dormí
you slept
tú dormiste
she slept
ella durmió
we slept
nosotros dormimos
they(f) slept
ellas durmieron
I walked (not caminar)
yo anduve
you walked (not caminar)
tú anduviste
he walked (not caminar)
él anduvo
we walked (not caminar)
nosotros anduvimos
they walked (not caminar)
ellos anduvieron
I fit(ted)
yo cupe
you fit (past)
tú cupiste
she fit (past)
ella cupo
we fit (past)
nosotros cupimos
they(f) fit (past)
ellas cupieron
I was (location)
yo estuve
you were (location)
tú estuvimos
you(fm) were (location)
Ud. estuvo
we were (location)
nosotros estuvimos
you all (location)
Uds. estuvieron
I was able to
yo pude
you were able to
tú pudiste
you(fm) were able to
Ud. pudo
we were able to
nosotros pudimos
you all were able to
Uds. pudieron
I wanted
yo quise
you wanted
tú quisiste
she wanted
ella quiso
we wanted
nosotros quisimos
they(f) wanted
ellas quiesieron
I had
yo tuve
you had
tú tuviste
he had
él tuvo
we had
nosotros tuvimos
they had
ellos tuvieron
I did
yo hice
you did
tú hiciste
he did
él hizo
we did
nosotros hicimos
they did
ellos hicieron
I put (past)
yo puse
you put (past)
tú pusiste
he put (past)
él puso
we put (past)
nosotros pusimos
they put (past)
ellos pusieron
I knew
yo supe
you knew
tú supiste
you(fm) knew
Ud. supo
we knew
nosotros supimos
you all knew
Uds. supieron
I came
yo vine
you came
tú viniste
he came
él vino
we came
nosotros vinimos
they came
ellos vinieron
I said
yo dije
you said
tú dijiste
she said
ella dijo
we said
nosotros dijimos
they(f) said
ellas dijeron
I produced
yo produje
you produced
tú produjiste
you(fm) produced
Ud. produjo
we produced
nosotros produjimos
you all produced
Uds. produjeron
we brought
yo traje
you brought
tú trajiste
he brought
él trajo
we brought
nosotros trajimos
they brought
ellos trajeron
I gave
yo di
you gave
tú diste
she gave
ella dio
we gave
nosotros dimos
they(f) gave
ellas dieron
I went
yo fui
you went
tú fuiste
you(fm) went
Ud. fue
we went
nosotros fuimos
you all went
Uds. fueron
I was (description)
yo fui
you were (description)
tú fuiste
he was (description)
él fue
we were (description)
nosotros fuimos
they were (description)
ellos fueron
I accompanied (imperfect)
yo acompañaba
you accompanied (imperfect)
tú acompañabas
he accompanied (imperfect)
él acompañaba
we accompanied (imperfect)
nosotros acompañabamos
they accompanied (imperfect)
ellos acompañaban
I gave (imperfect)
yo daba
you gave (imperfect)
tú dabas
she gave (imperfect)
ella daba
we gave (imperfect)
nosotros dábamos
she gave (imperfect)
ellas daban
I worked (imperfect)
yo trabajaba
you worked (imperfect)
tú trabajabas
you(fm) worked (imperfect)
Ud. trabajaba
we worked (imperfect)
nosotros trabajábamos
you all worked (imperfect)
Uds. trabajaban
I did (imperfect)
yo hacía
you did (imperfect)
tú hacías
she did (imperfect)
ella hacía
we did (imperfect)
nosotros hacíamos
they(f) did (imperfect)
ellas hacían
I wanted (imperfect)
yo quería
you wanted (imperfect)
tú quierías
he wanted (imperfect)
él quiería
we wanted (imperfect)
nosotros queríamos
they wanted (imperfect)
ellos querían
I had (imperfect)
yo tenía
you had (imperfect)
tú tenías
you(fm) had (imperfect)
Ud. tenía
we had (imperfect)
nosotros teníamos
you all (imperfect)
Uds. tenían
you were able to (imperfect)
yo podía
you were able to (imperfect)
tú podías
you(fm) were able to (imperfect)
Ud. podía nosotros podíamos
you all were able to (imperfect)
Uds. podían
I knew (imperfect)
yo sabía
you knew (imperfect)
tú sabías
she knew (imperfect)
ella sabía
we knew (imperfect)
nosotros sabíamos
they(f) knew (imperfect)
ellas sabían
there was, there were (imperfect)
había
there was, there were (preterite)
hubo
I said (imperfect)
yo decía
you said (imperfect)
tú decías
he said (imperfect)
él decía
we said (imperfect)
nosotros decíamos
they said (imperfect)
ellos decían
I felt (imperfect)
me sentía
you felt (imperfect)
te sentías
you(fm) felt (imperfect)
Ud. se sentía
we felt (imperfect)
nos sentíamos
you all felt (imperfect)
Uds. se sentían
I came (imperfect)
yo venía
you came (imperfect)
tú venías
he came (imperfect)
él venía
we came (imperfect)
nosotros veníamos
they came (imperfect)
ellos venían
I went (imperfect)
yo iba
you went (imperfect)
tú ibas
he went (imperfect)
él iba
we went (imperfect)
nosotros íbamos
they went (imperfect)
ellos iban
I saw (imperfect)
yo veía
you saw (imperfect)
tú veías
you(fm) saw (imperfect)
Ud. veía
we saw
nosotros veíamos
you all saw (imperfect)
Uds. veían
I was (description) (imperfect)
yo era
you were (description) (imperfect)
tú eras
she was (description) (imperfect)
ella era
we were (description) (imperfect)
nosotros éramos
they were (description) (imperfect)
ellas eran
I was going to speak.
Yo iba a hablar
We were going to buy a car.
Nosotros íbamos a comprar un carro.
She arrived yesterday.
Ella llegó ayer.
She arrived at 5 o’clock every day,.
Ella llegaba a la cinco todos los días.
Last week, I read a good book.
La semana pasada, leí un buen libro.
Before, I (used to) read a lot.
Antes, yo leía mucho.
Beatriz came to see me.
Beatriz vino a verme.
He told me that Beatriz was coming to see me.
Él me dijo que Beatriz venía a verme.
to acquire
adquirir
to separate
apartarse
to warm, to heat
calentar
to quiet
callar
to grow
crecer
to detain
detenerse
had said (past perfect tense)
había dicho
to begin to
ponerse (a)
to burn
quemar
to pick up
recoger
the boss
el amo
the roosters
los gallos
towards
hacia
blind
ciego
faithful
fiel
together
juntos
upon (doing something)
al + infinitive
upon separating
al apartarse
by Benito Perez Galdos
por Benito Pérez Galdós
Perez Galdos was born in the Canary Islands and is best known for his views on Spanish society.
Pérez Galdós nació en las Islas Canarias y es mejor conocido por sus vistas de la sociedad española.
He did in 1920 in Madrid.
Se murió en mil novecientos veinte en Madrid.
That day Pablo and Marianela went out to the countryside.
Aquel día Pablo y Marianela salieron al campo.
With them went Choto, his faithful dog.
Con ellos iba Choto, su perro fiel.
The day was beautiful. The are was soft and fresh and the sun warmed without burning.
El día estaba hermoso. El aire era suave y fresco, y el sol calentaba sin quemar.
“Where are we going today” asked Pablo, who was blind from birth.
“Adónde vamos hoy? preguntó Pablo, que era ciego de nacimiento.
“Where you(fm) want sir” answered Marianela, who was his guide.
Adonde, quiera Ud., señor” contestó Marianela, que era su guía.
the guide
el guía
Marianela seemed to grow and acquire new strengths when she was at the side of her boss and friend.
Marianela parecía crecer y adquirir nuevas fuerzas, cuando estaba al lado de su amo y amigo.
Together with him, she felt full of happiness.
Junto a él, se sentía llena de alegría.
Upon separating from him, she felt a profound sadness.
Al apartarse de él, sentía una profunda tristeza.
a sadness
una tristeza
the strength
la fuerza
Pablo participated in those same feelings toward Marianela.
Pablo participaba de los mismos sentimientos hacia Marianela.
On a certain occasion, Pablo told her, the young (woman): Before I believed that it was day when the people spoke; and it was night, when the people quieted and the roosters sang.
En cierta ocasión le había dicho Pablo a la joven: Antes yo creía que era de día cuando hablaba la gente; y que era de noche, cuando la gente callaba y cantaban los gallos.
Now, I don’t make the same comparisons.
Ahora, no hago las mismas comparaciones.
It is day when we are together, you and me; it’s night when we separate.
Es de día cuando estamos juntos tú y yo; es de noche, cuando nos separamos.
After walking for a bit, they arrive at a place where there were a lot of flowers.
Después de caminar un rato, llegaron a un lugar donde había muchas flores.
Both detained. (stopped)
Ambos se detuvieron.
Pablo sat and Marianela put herself to pick up flowers for her boss.
Pablo se sentó, y Marianela se puso a recoger flores para su amo.
The two of them were very happy.
Lo dos eran muy felices.
