Chapter 16

Question 0

4 D’s

Answer 0

Deviant (different, extreme, unusual, any deviation from the majority), distressful (unpleasant or upsetting to the individual), dysfunctional (disruptive to the person’s ability to conduct daily activities, those that fail to adjust), dangerous (threatening to the person’s well-being or to the safety of others)

Question 1

Diathesis Stress Model

Answer 1

Ooooooo

Question 2

Psychological Disorder

Answer 2

Deviant, distressful, dangerous, and dysfunctional behavior patterns

Question 3

Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Answer 3

A psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of the three key symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity)

Question 4

Medical Model

Answer 4

The concept that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases, cured. When applied to psychological disorders, the medical model assumes that these mental illnesses can be diagnosed on the basis of their symptoms and cured through therapy, which may include treatment in a psychiatric hospital

Question 5

DSM-V

Answer 5

The American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, precise and consistent diagnosis people, used to identify disorders

Question 6

Labeling Effects

Answer 6

When ideas can stigmatize a person by biasing others’ interpretations and perceptions of past and present behaviors and by affecting the way people react to the labeled person

Question 7

Anxiety Disorders

Answer 7

Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety of maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety

Question 8

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

Answer 8

An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal; the anxiety feeling is free-floating

Question 9

Panic Disorder

Answer 9

An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations

Question 10

Phobic Disorder

Answer 10

An anxiety disorder marked by persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation

Question 11

Agoraphobia

Answer 11

A fear of avoidance of situations in which escape might be difficult or help unavailable when panic strikes, phobia of open places

Question 12

Specific Phobia

Answer 12

Fear of a specific object

Question 13

Social Phobia

Answer 13

An intense fear of being scrutinized by others. They may avoid speaking up, eating out, or going to parties — or will sweat, tremble, or have diarrhea when doing so

Question 14

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Answer 14

An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions) that cause distress

Question 15

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Answer 15

An anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after traumatic experience

Question 16

Dissociative Disorders

Answer 16

Disorder in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings

Question 17

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

Answer 17

A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder

Question 18

Mood Disorders

Answer 18

Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes

Question 19

Major Depressive Disorder

Answer 19

A mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities

Question 20

Dysthymic Disorder

Answer 20

A disorder characterized by daily depression lasting two years or more, they suffer from chronic low energy and self-esteem, have difficulty concentrating or making decisions p, and sleep and eat too much or too little

Question 21

Mania

Answer 21

A mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state

Question 22

Bipolar Disorder

Answer 22

A mood disorder in which the person alternated between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania

Question 23

Schizophrenia

Answer 23

A group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions

Question 24

Delusions

Answer 24

False beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders

Question 25

Hallucinations

Answer 25

False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus

Question 26

Paranoid

Answer 26

Preoccupation with delusions or hallucinations, often with themes of persecution or grandiosity

Question 27

Disorganized

Answer 27

Disorganized speech or behavior, or flag or inappropriate emotion

Question 28

Catatonic

Answer 28

Immobility (or excessive, purposeless movement), extreme negativesm, and/or parrotlike repeating of another’s speech of movements

Question 29

Personality Disorders

Answer 29

Psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

Question 30

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Answer 30

A personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrong doing, even toward friends and family members. May be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist