Chapter 12 Flashcards
Instinct
A complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned
Motivation
A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior factors that influence initiation, direction, intensity, and persistence of behavior
Drive-Reduction
The idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tensions state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need
Homeostasis
A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level
Incentives
A positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior
Optimal Arousal Theory
Curiosity-driven behaviors, for example, suggest that too little as well as too much stimulation can motivate people to seek optimum levels of arousal
Abraham Maslow
Created hierarchy or needs
Hierarchy of Needs
States that we all have that awesome in us
Glucose
The form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When it’s level is low, we feel hunger
Set Point
The point at which an individual’s “weight thermostat” is supposedly set. When the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight
Basal Metabolic Rate
The body’s resting rate of energy expenditure
Anorexia Nervosa
When a normal weight person (usually an adolescent female) diets and becomes significantly (15% or more) underweight, yet, still feeling fat, continues to starve
Bulimia Nervosa
When episodes of overheating, usually of high-calorie foods, are followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise
Alfred Kinsey
Asked people about sexual questions, mostly well-educated white urbanites
Sexual Response Cycle
The four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson - excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution
