Chapter 15 Part 2

Question 0

Humanistic Perspective

Answer 0

Fulfilling ones happiness

Question 1

Terror-Management Theory

Answer 1

Proposes that faith in one’s worldview and the pursuit of self-esteem provide protection against a deeply rooted fear of death

Question 2

Abraham Maslow

Answer 2

Believes that all of us have the potential to reach self-actualization; self-accepting, open, spontaneous, caring secure in themselves, unselfish (characteristics he thought of)

Question 3

Self-Actualization

Answer 3

The ultimate psychological need that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved; the motivation to fulfill one’s potential

Question 4

Carl Rogers

Answer 4

Believed that in order for self-actualization to occur, three conditions were required (genuineness, acceptance, empathy)

Question 5

Unconditional Positive Regard

Answer 5

An attitude of total acceptance toward another person

Question 6

Self-Concept

Answer 6

All out thoughts and feelings about ourselves, it answers the question, “who am I?”

Question 7

Trait Perspective

Answer 7

A characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act, as assessed by self-report inventories and peer reports

Question 8

Traits

Answer 8

A characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act, as assessed by self-report inventories and peer reports

Question 9

Gordon Allport

Answer 9

Defined personality in terms of identifiable behavior patterns; he was less concerned explaining traits than with identifying them

Question 10

Factor Analysis

Answer 10

The statistical procedure used to identify clusters of traits that go together

Question 11

Personality Inventories

Answer 11

A questionnaire (often with true-false or agree-disagree items) on which people respond to items to gauge a wide range of feelings and behavior; used to assess selected personality traits

Question 12

MMPI

Answer 12

Used to identify depression, anxiety, paranoia, deviance and other psychological disorders, consists of 567 statements to which a person can respond true, false, or cannot say

Question 13

Empirically Derived

Answer 13

A test (such as MMPI) developed by testing a poo, of items and then selecting those that discriminate between groups

Question 14

The Big Five

Answer 14

Conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism (emotional stability vs. instability), openness, extraversion

Question 15

Social-Cognitive Perspective

Answer 15

View behavior or influenced by the interaction between persons (and their thinking) and their social context

Question 16

Reciprocal Determinism

Answer 16

Interacting influences between personality and environmental factors

Question 17

Personal Control

Answer 17

Our sense of controlling our environment rather than feeling helpless

Question 18

External Locus of Control

Answer 18

The perception that chance or outside forces beyond one’s personal control determines one’s fate

Question 19

Internal Locus of Control

Answer 19

The perception that one controls one’s fate

Question 20

Martin Seligman

Answer 20

Positive psychology

Question 21

Learned Helplessness

Answer 21

He hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or human feels when unable to avoid repeated aversive events

Question 22

Positive Psychology

Answer 22

The scientific study to optimal human functioning aims to discover and promote strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive

Question 23

Spotlight Effect

Answer 23

Overestimating others noticing and evaluating our appearance, performance, and blunders (as if we presume a spotlight shines on us)

Question 24

Self-Esteem

Answer 24

One’s feelings of high or low self-worth

Question 25

Self-Serving Bias

Answer 25

A readiness to perceive oneself favorably

1. People accept more responsibility for good deeds than for bad, and for successes than for failures
2. Most people see themselves as better than average

Question 26

Albert Bandura

Answer 26

Bobo doll experiment, social-cognitive perspective