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Physical Science > Chapter 13.2 > Flashcards

Chapter 13.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the smaller particles of matter that atoms are made of?

A

Subatomic particles

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2
Q

What is the dense central core of the atom called?

A

Nucleus

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3
Q

What are the subatomic particles that carry a positive electric charge called?

A

Protons

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4
Q

What is the number of protons in the nucleus?

A

Atomic number

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5
Q

What are the subatomic particles that are electrically neutral?

A

Neutrons

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6
Q

What are atoms that are the same element but have different numbers of neutrons?

A

Isotopes

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7
Q

What are the smaller particles that compose the protons and neutrons?

A

Quarks

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8
Q

What are the subatomic particles that carry a negative electric charge?

A

Electrons

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9
Q

What are the concentric layers surrounding the nucleus that can only hold a certain number of electrons?

A

Electron shell

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10
Q

What is an atom that has an electric charge because of losing or gaining electrons?

A

Ion

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11
Q

What is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus?

A

Mass number

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12
Q

What are the units in which masses of atoms are usually measured?

A

atomic mass units

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13
Q

What is the average mass of all the natural isotopes of an element?

A

Average atomic mass

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14
Q

What states that tiny particles like electrons do not absorb or release energy in a smooth flow?

A

Quantum theory

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15
Q

What is the most familiar model of the atom?

A

Bohr model

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16
Q

What model of atom was produced from Schrodinger’s hypothesis of electrons?

A

Wave-mechanical model

17
Q

What states that it is impossible to measure both the position and velocity of an electron with certainty?

A

Heisenberg uncertainty principle

18
Q

What is the term for the regions through which electrons move unpredictably?

A

Orbitals

19
Q

What is the mathematical representation of the overall motion of each electron?

A

Quantum numbers

20
Q

What states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same four quantum numbers?

A

Pauli exclusion principle

Physical Science (38 decks)

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