Chapter 4

Question 1

What states that all molecules of matter are in constant motion and that the warmer an object is, the faster it moves?

Answer 1

Kinetic theory of matter

Question 2

What is attraction to molecules of other substances?

Answer 2

Adhesion

Question 3

The molecules of which type of fluid are unaffected by cohesion?

Answer 3

Gas

Question 4

What is the curved surface cause by the rise of the water where it meets the glass?

Answer 4

Meniscus

Question 5

What is the phenomenon in which liquids in thin tubes rise above or fall below their own levels?

Answer 5

Capillarity

Question 6

Formula for pressure

Answer 6

P = F/A

Question 7

SI unit of pressure

Answer 7

Pascal

Question 8

What is the first factor that affects gravitational pressure in a liquid?

Answer 8

Depth of the liquid

Question 9

What states that if pressure is applied to a fluid inside a closed container, the pressure increase will be distributed equally throughout the container?

Answer 9

Pascal’s principle

Question 10

What is an airtight reservoir of a liquid opening into two cylinders of different diameters fitted with movable pistons?

Answer 10

Hydraulic Press

Question 11

What is the ability to be easily squeezed and compacted into smaller containers?

Answer 11

Compressibility

Question 12

Formula for Boyle’s Law

Answer 12

P1V1 = P2V2

Question 13

Formula for Charles’s Law

Answer 13

V1 / T1 = V2 / T2

Question 14

What states that the temperature and pressure are directly related when volume is held constant?

Answer 14

Amonton’s Law

Question 15

Formula for Amonton’s Law

Answer 15

P1 / T1 = P2 / T2

Question 16

What temperature scale must be used for gas laws?

Answer 16

Kelvin

Question 17

What is a device used to measure air pressure?

Answer 17

Barometer

Question 18

What is a device used to measure altitude?

Answer 18

Altimeter

Question 19

Fluids tend to move from areas of _____________ pressure to areas of _______________ pressure.

Answer 19

Higher / Lower

Question 20

What states that the buoyant force experienced by an object is exactly equal to the weight of the fluid displaced?

Answer 20

Archimedes’ principle

Question 21

What technique uses Archimedes’ principle to determine the specific gravity of a solid denser than water?

Answer 21

Hydrostatic weighing

Question 22

What term means that the weight of the submarine exactly equals the weight of the water displaced?

Answer 22

Neutral Buoyancy

Question 23

What is the fluid friction that tends to slow an object as it moves through a fluid?

Answer 23

Drag

Question 24

What is the most important factor affecting drag?

Answer 24

The shape of the object

Question 25

What is the science of shaping objects to allow the smooth flow of fluids around them and reduce drag?

Answer 25

Streamlining

Question 26

What is a structure designed to produce lift as it moves relative to a fluid?

Answer 26

Foil

Question 27

What is the angle of the foil relative to fluid flow, a factor that also affects lift?

Answer 27

Angle of attack

Question 28

What is the phenomenon of a spinning cylinder or ball causing lift?

Answer 28

Magnus effect

Question 29

What fact states that the lateral (sideward) pressure exerted by a moving fluid decreases as the fluid’s speed increases?

Answer 29

Bernoulli effect