Chapter 13 Controlling Microbial Growth

Question 1

Reduces / destroys microbial load =

Answer 1

Disinfection

Question 2

Reduces microbial load (usually gentler than disinfection) =

Answer 2

Sanitization

Question 3

Completely eliminates microbial load =

Answer 3

Sterilization

Question 4

Disinfection, Sanitization, and Sterilization are all used on-

Answer 4

Fomites

Question 5

Reduces microbial load on skin/tissue via an Anti-Microbial Chemical =

Answer 5

Antisepsis

Question 6

Reduces microbial load on skin/tissue via the use of mild chemicals. (Lift’s germs away without killing them) =

Answer 6

Degerming

Question 7

How do antimicrobials kill microbes?

Answer 7

Alternating cell walls & membranes.

Damaging proteins & nucleic acids.

Question 8

Agent/measure that destroys harmful microbes :

Answer 8

Germicides

Question 9

Name off some examples of microbes:

Answer 9

Fungicide, Viricide, Bactericide

Question 10

Don’t kill harmful microbes but do stop their growth:

Answer 10

Static Agents

Question 11

Name off some examples of static agents:

Answer 11

Fungistatic
Bacteriostatic

Question 12

How many classifications of germicides are there?

Answer 12

3

Question 13

High-level germocides kill-

Answer 13

All pathogens, including endospores

Question 14

Name the 3 germicide classifications:

Answer 14

High Level Germicides
Intermediate Level Germicides
Low Level Germicides

Question 15

Intermediate Germicides kill-

Answer 15

Fungal spores, protozoan cysts, viruses, and pathogenic bacteria

Question 16

Low Level Germicides kill-

Answer 16

Vegetative bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and some viruses

Question 17

Pasteurization is used for -

Answer 17

Dairy Products

Question 18

This ISN’T sterilization, and it’s because of this fact that milk can spoil =

Answer 18

Pasteurization

Question 19

The ultimate means of sterilization =

Answer 19

Incineration

Question 20

If you want to sterilize water sensitive items needed for surgical procedures, what method should be used?

Answer 20

Autoclave

Question 21

Refrigeration halts-

Answer 21

Growth of most pathogens

Question 22

(Drying) Inhibits growth due to removal of water =

Answer 22

Desiccation

Question 23

Used to sterilize heat-sensitive materials =

Answer 23

Filtration

Question 24

High-Efficiency Particulate Air Filters (HEPA Filters) are used to -

Answer 24

Prevent airborne contamination by microbes like viruses, bacteria, and endospores

Question 25

Excites electrons, causing them to make new covalent bonds =

Answer 25

Nonionizing Radiation (UV Light)

Question 26

Prevents DNA replication, effective against viruses, bacteria, and eukaryotic microbes =

Answer 26

UV Light

Question 27

A microbial control method that damages DNA which causes death/inactivation of microbes =

Answer 27

Ionizing Radiation

Question 28

More effective than soap at removing bacteria from hands =

Answer 28

Alcohol

Question 29

Beta done is a type of-

Answer 29

Iodophor (Iodine-containing compound) used to prepare surgery

Question 30

Biguanidides are a-

Answer 30

Low to Moderate level germicide. Used to fight against yeasts, gram positive/negative bacteria

Question 31

Hydrogen Peroxide can-

Answer 31

Disinfect + Sterilize Surfaces

Question 32

“Surface Active” Chemicals =

Answer 32

Surfactants

Question 33

Positively charged organic Surfactants (More soluble in water compared to soap) =

Answer 33

Detergents

Question 34

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds are a type of-

Answer 34

Detergent

Question 35

Glutaraldehyde does what?

Answer 35

Disinfects + Steralizes

Question 36

Used in embalming + disinfection of rooms & instruments =

Answer 36

Formalin

Question 37

Frequently used in hospitals + dental offices =

Answer 37

Ethylene Oxide