Ch 21 Eye Infections

Question 1

What is the mucous membrane called that covers the outside of the eyeball? It’s covered in protective normal flora.

Answer 1

The Conjunctiva

Question 2

The inside of the eye contains a fluid called-

Answer 2

The Vitreous Humor

Question 3

Inflammation of the conjunctiva =

Answer 3

Conjunctivitis (Also called Pink Eye)

Question 4

Inflammation of the eye lids =

Answer 4

Blepharitis

Question 5

What is Inflammation of the Cornea called?

What is this usually caused by?

Answer 5

Keratitis.

Herpes Simplex Virus - 1 (HSV-1)
OR
Bacteria

Question 6

Conjunctivitis can affect one eye or both. Does it ever cause any permanent damage?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

How do you treat Conjunctivitis?

Answer 7

Can treat with Antibiotics, but usually goes away on its own in a few days

Question 8

What types of Conjunctivitis are there?

Answer 8

Bacterial and Viral

Question 9

Purulent means-

Answer 9

Consisting of, containing, or discharging pus

Question 10

How are Viral and Bacterial Conjunctivitis different?

Answer 10

Viral Conjunctivitis is less Purulent than Bacterial. It lasts longer before going away on its own (1-2 Weeks). It also can’t be treated with antibiotics.

Question 11

What is Neonatal Conjunctivitis?

Answer 11

Conjunctivitis passed onto a baby after birth. This occurs because the Mother has some kind of STD, and it messes with the baby’s eyes after they’re born

Question 12

What are Ophthalmia Neonatorum and Inclusion Conjunctivitis both examples of?

Answer 12

They are both examples of Neonatal Conjunctivitis.

Ophthalmia Neonatorum = Caused by Gonorrhea.
Inclusion Conjunctivitis = Caused by Chlamydia.

Question 13

How do you treat Neonatal Conjunctivitis?

Answer 13

With Antibacterial Creams (IV or PO antibiotics may also be used, but creams are the most common)

Question 14

Why is it vital to treat Neonatal Conjunctivitis?

Answer 14

It can cause possible Vision Loss or Permanent Blindness if left untreated

Question 15

Leading cause of Infectious Blindness =

Answer 15

Trachoma

Question 16

What are the 2 main signs and symptoms of Trachoma?

Answer 16

Scarring of the Conjunctiva and Cornea.
Blindness.

Question 17

What does Trachoma cause?

Answer 17

It causes Conjunctivitis that’s bad enough to scar the eyelid.
If the eyelid has scarring, this can lead to the eyelids turning inwards and scratching the cornea.

This Scarring & Scratching can lead to blindness.

Question 18

What age group does Trachoma usually affect?

Answer 18

Children

Question 19

How is Trachoma diagnosed?

Answer 19

Usually diagnosed based on symptoms/scarring.

Can take sample swabs and diagnose by identifying bacteria at the site of infection.

Question 20

How is Trachoma treated?

Answer 20

Can be treated with Antimicrobials.

The Eyelid Deformities can be treated with Surgery.

Question 21

Viral Conjunctivitis is typically caused by-

Answer 21

Adenoviruses

Question 22

List all of the Signs & Symptoms of Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis =

Answer 22

Inflammation of Conjunctiva with Purulent Discharge

Question 23

List all of the Signs & Symptoms of Bacterial Keratitis =

Answer 23

Redness + Irritation of the Eye
Blurred Vision
Sensitivity to Light
Progressive Corneal Scarring (Which can cause Blindness)

Question 24

List all of the Signs & Symptoms of Neonatal Conjunctivitis =

Answer 24

Inflammation of the Conjunctiva
Purulent Discharge
Scarring + Perforation of the Cornea (Which caused Blindness)

Question 25

List all of the Signs & Symptoms of Trachoma (Also called Granular Conjunctivitis) =

Answer 25

Chronic Conjunctivitis
Trichiasis (Eye lashes grow the wrong way)
Scarring
Blindness

Question 26

List all of the Signs & Symptoms of Viral Conjunctivitis =

Answer 26

Inflammation of the Conjunctivia
Watery, Non-Purulent Discharge

Question 27

List all of the Signs & Symptoms of Herpes Keratitis =

Answer 27

Inflammation of Conjunctiva & Cornea,
Irritation
Excess Tears
Sensitivity to Light
Lesions in Cornea (Which lead to Blindness)