Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cameron Lecture study guides > Chapter 12: The Eukaryotes study guide > Flashcards

Chapter 12: The Eukaryotes study guide Flashcards

1
Q

How do fungi obtain food and energy?

A

they are chemoheterotrophs so they decompose and consume organic molecules for food and energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Are fungi aerobic or anaerobic?

A

aerobic and facultatively anaerobic (can live without oxygen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the cell walls of fungi made of?

A

chitin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how do fungi live symbiotically with tree roots? what is the term for fungi that have this relationship?

A

they break down nutrients to make easier for tree to use
tree roots in return provide nutrients for fungi

mycorrhiza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how do fungi reproduce?

A

through spores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

where can you find fungi symbiotically living?

A

within tree roots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how do fungi live symbiotically with tree roots? what is the term for fungi that have this relationship?

A

they break down nutrients to make easier for tree to use
tree roots in return provide nutrients for fungi

mycorrhiza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the vegetative and reproductive structures of mold?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a coencytic mold?

A

no septa, long cells with many nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a conidia?

A

ASEXUAL
- unicellular or multicellular
spore that is not enclosed in a sac.

  • In a chain at the end of a conidospore
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a sporangia? Are they sexual or asexual?

A

ASEXUAL
- formed within a sporangium or sac
-At the end of aerial hypha called sporangiophore.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Whats a zygospores?

A

SEXUAL
fusion of to similar gametes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Know some details of each of the three examples of fungi (genera) that we covered in the
lecture. (Aspergillus, Rhizopus and Valley Fever)

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does yeast grow compared to a mold?

A

Yeast is single cellular that reproduce asexually through mitosis. Most common form called “budding.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

when do yeast primarily use sexual reproduction?

A

when nutrient deprived

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is an example of a budding yeast?

A

Saccharomyces (brewers yeast)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When do pathogenic dimorphic fungi grow as a yeast instead of as a mold?

A

Temperature dependent
37 °C : yeast-like
25 °C: mold-like

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a lichen?

A

Combination of green alga and a fungus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the advantage of forming the lichen partnership?

A

The alga provides organic compounds for food to the fungus

20
Q

Where are lichens found?

A

Trees, rocks, soil, houses, tombstones, cars, old farm equipment and more

21
Q

What are the six different types of algae that were presented in lecture?

A
  1. Brown algae
  2. Red algae
  3. Green algae
  4. Diatoms
  5. Dinoflagellates
  6. Water Molds
22
Q

what types of algae are considered phytoplankton?

A

diatoms, dinoflagellates, green algae

23
Q

Which type of algae is not photosynthetic?

A

Water Molds

24
Q

What is PSP? How do humans get PSP? Domoic acid poisoning?

A

PSP = paralytic shellfish poisoning

Humans get both PSP and Domoic acid poisoning by eatting contaminated Dinoflagellates

25
Q

Protozoans are chemoheterotrophs. What does this mean?

A

they get nutrients from chemicals and do not form their own energy/food source

26
Q

Contrast a cyst and a trophozoite life stage.

A

Cysts can survive days to weeks in the external environment and remain infectious in the environment

Trophozoites passed in the stool are rapidly destroyed once outside the body, and if ingested would not survive exposure to the gastric environment.

cyst:
- passed in feces
- resistant
- infective

trophozoite:
- feeding
- motile
- replication occurs

27
Q

what are protozoan cysts?

A

protective capsules that enable parasitic organism to live outside the host

28
Q

what are protozoan trophozoites?

A

growing stage of protozoa when they absorb nutrients within the host

29
Q

What organism utilizes a cyst and trophozoite stage?

A

Protozoans

30
Q

What are the three types of parasitic worms? Know the two names for each group.

A
  1. Trematodes: flukes
    2.Cestodes: tapeworms
  2. Nematodes: roundworms
31
Q

what are three examples given of the roundworm

A

hookworms
whipworms
pinworms

32
Q

Know the specific examples given for each worm type.

A
33
Q

What does monoecious mean?

A

one animal has both male and female
reproductive organs.

34
Q

Which type of parasitic worm is dioecious?

A

nematodes (roundworms)

35
Q

How do cestodes and trematodes absorb nutrients?

A

Absorb food through their CUTICLE

36
Q

How do nematodes absorb nutrients?

A

Absorb food through their CUTICLE

37
Q

What is a scolex?

A

head has suckers (or small hooks)

38
Q

Which type of worm forms a scolex?

A

tapeworm

39
Q

What is proglottid?

A

body segments

40
Q

What is a spicule used for? Which type of worm uses a spicule?

A

help guide sperm to the female genital pore

Nematodes

41
Q

Which worm is small, white and deposits eggs near the anus? What are some of the discomforts that this small, white worm can cause?

A

pinworms

itchy anus, because female pinworms leave eggs outside of anus

42
Q

What is a vector?

A

typically are arthropods
carry pathogenic microorganism and transfer them

43
Q

What are some examples of vectors

A

Mosquitos, ticks, crabs

44
Q

What type of microbe causes Valley Fever and how can a person get this disease?

A

Caused by a mold (fungi) in the genus: Coccidiodes

A person can get this disease by inhalation of spores from dust

45
Q

Why are algae so important to the global ecosystem?

A
  • produce 60-80% of the world’s oxygen
  • help reduce greenhouse gasses
  • Can be used in food
  • Can produce biofuels and act as a renewable energy source
  • The basis of the food chain, supporting the aquatic food web
46
Q

What makes a lichen symbiotic organism?

A

Lichen is a mutualistic relationship with a fungus and an algae. Algea provides the food while the fungus provides shelter, preventing desiccation of the algae

Cameron Lecture study guides (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions