Chapter 12

Question 1

the ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals

Answer 1

leadership

Question 2

theories that consider personal qualities and characteristics that differentiate leaders from nonleaders

Answer 2

trait theories of leadership

Question 3

theories proposing that specific behaviors differentiate leaders from nonleaders

Answer 3

behavioral theories of leadership

Question 4

the extent to which a leader defines and structures his or her role and those of the subordinates to facilitate goal attainment

Answer 4

initiating structure

Question 5

the extent to which a leader has job relationships that are characterized by mutual trust, respect for subordinates ideas, and regard for their feelings

Answer 5

consideration

Question 6

the theory that effective groups depend on a proper match between a leader’s style of interacting with subordinates and the degree to which the situation gives control and influence to the leader

Answer 6

fiedler contingency model

Question 7

an instrument that purports to measure whether a person is task- or relationship oriented

Answer 7

least preferred coworker questionnaire (LPC)

Question 8

the degree of confidence, trust, and respect that subordinates have in their leader

Answer 8

leader-member relations

Question 9

the degree to which job assignments are regimented

Answer 9

task structure

Question 10

influence derived from ones formal structural position in the organization; includes the power to hire, fire, discipline, promote, and give salary increases

Answer 10

position power

Question 11

a contingency theory that focuses on followers’ readiness to accomplish a specific task

Answer 11

situation leadership theory (SLT)

Question 12

a theory stating that it is the leaders job to assist followers in attaining their goals and to provide the necessary direction and/or support to ensure that their goals are compatible with the overall objectives of the group or organization

Answer 12

path-goal theory

Question 13

a leadership theory that provides a set of rules to determine the form and amount of participative decision making in different situations

Answer 13

leader-participation model

Question 14

a theory that supports leaders creation of ingroups and outgroups; subordinates with ingroup status have higher performance ratings, less turnover, and greater job satisfaction

Answer 14

leader-member exchange (LMX) theory

Question 15

a leadership theory stating that followers make attributions of heroic or extraordinary leadership abilities when they observe certain behaviors in others

Answer 15

charismatic leadership theory

Question 16

a long term strategy for attaining a goal or goals

Answer 16

vision

Question 17

a formal articulation of an organization’s vision or mission

Answer 17

vision statement

Question 18

leaders who guide or motivate their followers in the direction of established goals by clarifying role and task requirements

Answer 18

transactional leaders

Question 19

leaders who inspire, act as role models, and intellectually stimulate, develop, or mentor their followers, thus having a profound and extraordinary effect on them

Answer 19

transformational leaders

Question 20

a model that depicts seven management styles on a continuum: laissez-faire, management by exception, contingent reward leadership, individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation, and idealized influence

Answer 20

full range of leadership model

Question 21

leaders who know who they are, know what they believe in and value, and act on those values and beliefs openly and candidly

Answer 21

authentic leaders

Question 22

a leadership concept stating that leaders convey values that are other-centered versus self-centered and who role-model ethical conduct

Answer 22

socialized charismatic leadership

Question 23

supervision that is hostile both verbally and nonverbally

Answer 23

abusive supervision

Question 24

a leadership style marked by going beyond that leader’s own self-interest and instead focusing on opportunities to help followers grow and develop

Answer 24

servant leadership

Question 25

a positive expectation that another will not act opportunistically

Answer 25

trust

Question 26

how likely an employee is to trust a leader

Answer 26

trust propensity

Question 27

a senior employee who sponsors and supports a less experienced employee, called a protege

Answer 27

mentor

Question 28

a leadership theory stating that leadership is merely an attribution that people make about other individuals

Answer 28

attribution theory of leadership

Question 29

attributes, such as experience and training, that can replace the need for a leaders support or ability to create structure

Answer 29

substitutes

Question 30

attributes that make it impossible for leader behavior to make any difference to follower outcomes

Answer 30

neutralizers