Chapter 11 Flashcards
the transfer and the understanding of meaning
communication
the steps between a source and a receiver that result in the transfer and understanding of meaning
communication process
communication channels established by an organization to transmit messages related to the professional activities of members
formal channels
communication channels that are created spontaneously and that emerge as responses to individual choices
informal channels
an organizations informal communication network
grapevine
the amount of information that can be transmitted during a communication episode
channel richness
a relatively superficial consideration of evidence and information making use of heuristics
automatic processing
a detailed consideration of evidence and information relying on facts, figures, and logic
controlled processing
a personality trait of individuals depicting the ongoing desire to think and learn
need for cognition
a sender’s manipulation of information so that it will be seen more favorably by the receiver
filtering
a condition in which information inflow exceeds an individual’s processing capacity
information overload
undue tension and anxiety about oral communication, written communication, or both
communication apprehension
cultures that rely heavily on nonverbal and subtle situational cues in communication
high-context cultures
cultures that rely heavily on words to convey meaning in communication
low-context cultures
What are the functions of communication?
management
feedback
emotional sharing
persuasion
information exchange
initiates a message by encoding a thought
sender
the actual physical product of the sender’s encoding
message
the medium through which the message travels
channel
the person to whom the message is directed
receiver
to translate the symbols into understandable form
decoding
check on how successful we have been in transferring our messages as originally intended
feedback
communication that flows from one level of a group or organization to a lower level
downward communication
flows to a higher level in the group or organization
upward communication
rigidly follows the formal chain of command; this network approximates the communication channels you might find in a rigid three-level organization
chain
relies on a central figure to act as the conduit for all group communication, it simulates the communication network you might find on a team with a strong leader
wheel
permits group members to actively communicate with each other; it’s most often characterized by self-managed teams, in which group members are free to contribute and no single person takes a leadership role
all-channel
