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Italian: Da Capo > Chapter 11 Grammar > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Grammar Flashcards

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Italian Verbs flashcards
1
Q

Periodo ipotetico

A

A dependent clause introduced by if (se) indicating a condition, a possibility, or a hypothesis and a main clause indicating the result of the condition

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2
Q

Periodo ipotetico can express …

A

1) real or probable situations
2) possible situations
3) a hypothesis

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3
Q

When periodo ipotetico is describing a real or probably situation it is constructed of

A

The se clause in the indicative

A result clause in the indicative, or the imperativo

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4
Q

Se + presente can be followed by the

A

Presente, futuro, imperativo

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5
Q

Se + futuro is followed by

A

Futuro

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6
Q

Se + passato prossimo, remoto or imperfetto can be followed by

A

Presente, futuro, imperfetto, passato prossimo or remoto, or imperativo

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7
Q

When the se clause describes a probable or imaginary situation (likely or unlikely) the periodo ipotetico is constructed with

A 
Se + congiuntivo imperfetto followed by
The conditional (usually present)
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8
Q

Se + congiuntivo imperfetto is followed by …

A

Condizionale presente or

Condizionale passato

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9
Q

When describing improbable or impossible situations (contrary to fact or unlikely) the periodo ipotetico is constructed using

A

A se clause in the past perfect subjunctive (congiuntivo passato)
Followed by a clause in the conditional (usually conditional perfect)

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10
Q

Se + congiuntivo trapassato is followed by the

A

Condizionale passato or

Condizionale presente

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11
Q

Congiuntivo imperfetto forms

A
  • ssi
  • ssi
  • sse
  • ssimo
  • ste
  • ssero
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12
Q

Congiuntivo imperfetto of essence

A 
Fossi
Fossi
Fossi
Fossimo
Fossero
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13
Q

The congiuntivo trapassato is formed with

A

Imperfect subjunctive (congiuntivo imperfetto) of avere or essere followed by the past participle of the verb

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14
Q

Congiuntivo imperfetto of avere

A 
Avessi
Avessi
Avessi
Avessimo 
Aveste 
Avessero
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15
Q

Condizionale presente

A
  • rei
  • resti
  • rebbe
  • remmo
  • reste
  • rebbero
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16
Q

Condizionale passato is formed by

A

The present conditional of avere and essere plus the past participle

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17
Q

Condizionale presente of avere

A 
Avrei 
Avresti 
Avrebbe
Avremmo
Avreste 
Avrebbero
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18
Q

Condizionale presente of essere

A 
Sarei 
Saresti 
Sarebbe
Saremmo 
Sareste
Sarebbero
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19
Q

Se followed by the imperfect subjunctive (congiuntivo imperfetto to introduce a suggestion means …

A 
How about...?
What about...?
Shouldn’t we?
Se prendessimo le farie in maggio 
How about taking our vacation
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20
Q

Che ne diresti (direbbe) can also introduce a …

A

Suggestion
Che ne diresti di venire al cinema con me?
How about going to the movies with me?

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21
Q

Se introduced by a verb that denotes doubt or uncertainty or asks a question means

A

Whether
Mi domando se è possiblile?
I wonder if (weather) it’s possible?

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22
Q

The imperfect and past perfect may be used with se or alone to is used to …

A

Express a wish or regret
Se i vecchi chi pot essere e i giovani sapessero!
If only the old could and the you knew!

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23
Q

Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives and other adverbs and express time, place, manner and quantity and are

A

Invariable

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24
Q

Adverbs are most often formed by adding ? To the feminine form fo the adjective

A

-mente

Vero to vera to veramente (truly)

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25
Q

If an adjective ends in a -le or -re preceded by a vowel, the final e is dropped before adding ? to form and adverb

A

-mente

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26
Q

Nouns and adjectives and many adverbs can be modified with suffixes to to indicate

A

Intensity of quality

Bene- benone - very well

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27
Q

Adverbs usually ? The verb

A

Follow

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28
Q

In compound tenses, adverbs are placed

A

Between auxiliary verb and past participle (especially adverbs of time like gia
Directly after the past participle (place, time and manner)
Before auxiliary verb for emphasis

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29
Q

Anche normally ? the word it refers to

A

Precedes

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30
Q

Anche cannot be used to begin a sentence to mean “also”, instead you must use

A

Inoltre

31
Q

(Cosi) + adjective or adverb+ come

(Tanto) + adjective or adverb +come

A

As …as

La Mia casa e (cosi) grande come la tua

32
Q

Tanto + noun+ quanto

Tanto quanto

A

As much as

33
Q

Piu…di

Piu…che

A

More…than

-er…than

34
Q

Meno…di

Meno…che

A

Less…than

Fewer…than

35
Q

When two words of the same grammatical category are directly compared (and can be reversed) in relation to the same person thing or action

A

Piu/meno … che

36
Q

Superlativo relativo

A

Article + piu or meno

37
Q

When the superlative follows the noun

A

The definite article is not repeated

38
Q

What often follows the superlative

A

A verb in the subjunctive

39
Q

with the superlative of adverbs the article is usually omitted unless ? is added

A

Possibile

40
Q

Superlativo assoluto

A

Addition of -issima, -issimi, -issime to an adjective
-issimo to adverbs
-mente to the feminine superlative adjective -issimamente
Adding prefix to adjective, arci-, stra-,extra-, super-, ultra-
By repeating the adjective or adverb

41
Q

Superlative assoluto of adverb

A

-issimo to the end

42
Q

Bene, meglio, il meglio,…

A

Motto bene, benissimo, ottimamente

Very well

43
Q

Male, peggio, il peggio

A

Motto male, malissimo, pessimament

Very badly

44
Q

Molto, piu (di piu), il piu,…

A

Moltissimo

Very little

45
Q

Poco, meno (meno di), il meno

A

Pochissimo

Very little

46
Q

Più alta

A

Taller

47
Q

Più bassi

A

Lower, shorter

48
Q

Superiore

A

Greater, more than

49
Q

Inferiore

A

Lesser, poorer

50
Q

Maggiore

A

Greater, major, older

51
Q

Minore

A

Lesser, younger

52
Q

Il maggiore

A

The oldest

53
Q

Il minore

A

The youngest

54
Q

Bigger
Biggest
when referring physical size

A

Piu grande

Il piu grande

55
Q

Smaller
Smallest
When referring to physical size

A

Piu piccolo

Il piu piccolo

56
Q

Better

When material qualities are compared

A 
Migliore (more often for qualities and values)
Piu buono(more often for material qualities)
Can be interchanged when material qualities are compared
57
Q

Lesser, lower

A 
Inferiore (more often for qualities and values)
Piu bassi (more often for material qualities)
Can be interchanged when material qualities are compared
58
Q

I miei migliori amici

A

My best friends

59
Q

Il Minimo

A

Smallest

60
Q

Ottima

A

Excellent

61
Q

Il peggiore

A

The worst

62
Q

Piano superiore

A

Upper floor

63
Q

Infimo

A

Minimal

64
Q

Minime

Massime

A

Lowest

Highest

65
Q

Malissimo

Benissimo

A

Very badly

Very good

66
Q

Il meno possibile

A

Little as possible

67
Q

In relative superlative, the article is usually omitted unless ? is added

A

Possibile

Meglio
Il meglio possibile

68
Q

More
Less
when used alone without a noun

A

Di piu

Di meno

69
Q

Sempre piu

Sempre meno

A

More and more

Less and less

70
Q

Piu…piu

Meno…meno

A

The more … the more

The less … the less

71
Q

Il piu
I piu
La maggior parte (la maggioranza)
+ di + noun + verb

A

The greatest quantity, the majority, most persons

72
Q

Better
Worse
As adjectives

A

Migliore/Migliori

Peggiore/peggiori

73
Q

Better
Worse
As adverbs

A

Meglio

Peggio

Italian: Da Capo (28 decks)

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