Chapter 1 Grammar Flashcards
-are verb conjugations
-o -i -a -iamo -ate -ano
-ere verb conjugations
-o -i -e -iamo -ete -ono
-ire verb conjugation
-o -i -e -iamo -ite -ono
-ire verbs fall into what two groups
1) require -isc- between stem and ending except first and second-person plural (most -ire verbs) 2) do not require -isc-
Verbs ending in -care and -gare require
Adding an -h- between stem and endings beginning with -i-
Verbs ending in -ciare, -giare, -sciare and -gliare require
You drop the -i- of the stem when the verb ending begins with -i-
Avere
Ho Hai Ha Abbiamo Avete Hanno
Essere
Sono Sei E Siamo Siete Sono
Andare
Vado Via Via Andiamo Andate Van no
Dare
Do Dai Da Diamo Date Danno
Fare
Faccio Fai Fa Facciamo Fate Fanno
Stare
Sto Stai Sta Stiamo State Stanno
Rimanere
Rimango Rimani Rimane Rimaniamo Rimanete Rimangono
Salire
Salgo Sali Sale Saliamo Salite Salgono
Tenere
Tengo Tieni Tiene Teniamo Tenete Tengono
Venire
Vengo Vieni Viene Veniamo Venite Vengono
Bere
Bevo Bevi Beve Beviamo Bevete Bevono
Tradurre
Traduco Traduci Traduce Traduciamo Traducete Traducono
Dire
Dico Dici Dice Dociamo Dite Dicono
Sapere
So Sai Sa Sappiamo Sapete Sanno
Morire
Muoio Muori Muore Moriamo Morite Muoiono
Uscire
Esco Esci Esce Usciamo Uscite Escono
Dovere
Devo / debbo Devi Deve Dobbiamo Dovete Devono /debbono
Potere
Posso Putin Puo Possiamo Potete Possono
Volere
Voglio Vuoi Vuole Vogliamo Volete Vogliono
-o changes to -? to become plural
-i
-a changes to -? to become plural
-e
-e changes to -? to become plural
-i
-o changes to -? to become feminine
-a -essa
-e changes to -? to become feminine
-a -essa
-a changes to -? to become feminine
-essa
-e changes to -? to become feminine
-essa
-tore changes to -? to become feminine
-trice
Masculine -a ending nouns change to -? to become plural
-i
Masculine -ista ending nouns change to -? to become plural
-ista
Masculine -ca ending nouns change to -? to become plural
-chi
Masculine -ga ending nouns change to -? to become plural
-ghi
Feminine -ista was ending nouns change to -? to become plural
-iste
Feminine -ca ending nouns change to -? to become plural
-che
Feminine -ga ending nouns change to -? to become plural
-ghe
If the “i” is not stressed in -io ending masculine nouns the plural ending is
-i
If the “i” is stressed in -io ending masculine nouns the plural ending is
-ii
If the syllable preceding the masculine -co ending the plural is
-chi
If the second to last syllable preceding the masculine -co ending the plural is
-ci
If the “i” is not stressed in the feminine -cia ending the plural is
-ce
If the “i” is stressed in the feminine -cia ending the plural is
-cia
If the “i” is not stressed in the feminine -gia ending the plural is
-ge
If the “i” is stressed in the feminine -gia ending the plural is
-gie
In masculine -go ending nouns the plural is
-ghi
In masculine -ologo ending nouns the plural is
-ologi
Nouns ending in -ie change to -? to form the plural
-ie, they do not change, except una moglie becomes due mogli
One-syllable nouns form the plural by
Not changing
Why is foto feminine?
It is an abbreviation for fotografia
Why is radio feminine?
It is an abbreviation for radiotelefonia
Why is cinema masculine
It is an abbreviation for cinematrografo
Why is bici feminine?
It is an abbreviation for bicicletta
Why is frigo masculine?
It is an abbreviation for frigorifero
Why is moto feminine?
It is an abbreviation for motocicletta
The plural of abbreviation nouns like foto are
Unchanged
The plural of family names is
The same form as the singular
As a rule, nouns ending in -o are
Masculine
As a rule, nouns ending in -a are
Feminine
Nouns ending in -e are
Either masculine or feminine
Nouns ending in -ore are
Masculine
Nouns ending in -tà are
Feminine
Nouns ending in -trice are
Feminine
Nouns ending in -zione are
Feminine
Most nouns ending in -i are
Feminine
Most nouns ending in -ie are
Feminine
Most nouns ending in - ione are
Feminine
Most nouns ending in -ù are
Feminine
