Chapter 1 (Vocab) Flashcards
Biology
The scientific study of life
Biospehere
All life on earth + places where life exists
Ecosystem
All living things in a particular area
Communities
Organisms inhabiting a system
Populations
All individuals of a species living within a specified area
Organisms
Individual living things
Organs
Body part made up of tissues
Tissues
Group of cells that perform specialized function
Organelles
Functional components within cells
Molecules
Chemical structure made of 2 or more atoms
Reductionism
Approach that reduces complex systems into simpler componant
Emergent properties
New properties that arise from arrangement + interactions of parts of a system
Systems Biology
Approach that models behavior of whole system based on study of interactions between a part of a system
DNA
Nucleic acid molecule
Genes
Hereditary info./ sequence of DNA
Gene Expression
Process of using info. from a gene to create a gene product
Genome
Genetic material of an organism/virus
Genomics
Study of sets of genes, specie interactions, genome comparison
Proteomics
Study of proteins + their properties
Proteome
Set of proteins in a cell/tissue/organism
Bioinformatics
Use of computers to make biological info. into data
Feedback Regulation
Regulation of a process by its output or end prduct
Evolution
Process of biological change
Inductive Reasoning
Type of logic which generalizations are based on large number of specific observation (there is evidence for that reasoning)
Deductive Reasoning
Logic where specific results are predicted from a general premises (There is little evidence for reason)
Controlled Experiment
Experiment made to compare and experimental group with a control group
Model Organism
Particular species chosen for research
Scientific Inquiry
Problem-solving
Experiemntal Design
Planning an experiment to test a hypothesis
Nucleotides
- Made of Phosphate, Ribose, Nitrogen Base that make up A, T, C, or G.
- DNA is made up of 2 chains of nucleotide
Genes
Long segments of DNA that contain full coding of nucleotide
Chromosomes
Thread that contains all thousands of genes
Genome
Sum of all chromosomes in an organism
* Complete set of DNA of an organism
Descent with Modification
Species change, give rise to new species, and share common ancestor
