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Biology I > Chap. 6 > Flashcards

Chap. 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

Features in all Cells

A
  1. Plasma membrane
  2. Cystol
  3. Chromosomes
  4. Ribosomes
  5. Cytoplasma
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2
Q

DNA in Eukaryotic Cell

A

In the nucleus, bounded by double membrane

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3
Q

DNA in Prokaryotic Cell

A

In the nucleoid, not membrane-enclosed

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4
Q

Prokaryotic Cell Components

A
  1. Fimbriae
  2. Nucleoid
  3. Ribosomes
  4. Plasma membrane
  5. Cell wall
  6. Glycocalyx
  7. Flagella
  8. Cytoplasm
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5
Q

Prokaryotic Cells

A
  1. Bacteria
  2. Archea
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6
Q

Animal Cell Components

A
  1. Nucleus- Nuclear envelope, nucleolus, chromatin
  2. Endoplasmic reticulum- Rought ER, Smooth ER
  3. Plasma Membrane
  4. Ribosomes
  5. Golgi apparatus
  6. Mitochondrion
  7. Peroxisome
  8. Cytoskeleton- Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules
  9. Microvilli
  10. Lysosome
  11. Centrosome
  12. Flagellum
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7
Q

Plant Cell Components

A
  1. Nucleus-Nuclear envelope, nucleolus, chromatin
  2. Endoplasmic reticulum- Rought ER, Smooth ER
  3. Plasma membrane
  4. Ribosomes
  5. Golgi apparatus
  6. Mitochondrion
  7. Peroxisome
  8. Cytoskeleton- Microfilaments, microtubules
  9. Central vacuole
  10. Chloroplast
  11. Plasmodesmata
  12. Cell wall
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8
Q

Endomembrane System Components

A
  1. Nuclear envelope
  2. ED
  3. Golgi apparatus
  4. Lysosome
  5. Vesicles + vacuoles
  6. Plasma membrane
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9
Q

Endomembrane System Funtions

A
  1. Carries out protein synthesis
  2. Protein transport into organelles out of cell
  3. Metabolism
  4. Movement of lipids
  5. Detoxification of poisons
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10
Q

Light Microscope (1)

A
  1. Plants + Animals cells
  2. Nucleus
  3. Bacteria
  4. Mitochondrion
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11
Q

Super Resolution (2)

A
  1. Bacteria
  2. Virus + Ribosomes
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12
Q

Electron Microscope (3)

A
  1. Proteins + Lipids
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13
Q

Functions of Smooth ER

A
  1. Synthesis of lipids
  2. Metabolism of carbohydrates
  3. Detoxification of drugs and poisons
  4. Storage of calcium ions.
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14
Q

Functions of Rough ER

A
  1. Secretory proteins
  2. Membrane factory
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15
Q

Endomembrane System Pathway

A
  1. (RER)- Protein systensis
  2. Vesicles- transport from ER
  3. Golgi Apparatus- Vesicle travel through cytoplasm to GA + modified and sorted + delivered
  4. Lysosome- waste is transported to be broken down
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16
Q

Why does EM have greater Mag.?

A

Uses beams of electrons that have shorter wavelength than visible light

17
Q

Mitochondria + Chloroplasts

A

Have own genetic material (DNA) and ribosomes, allowing them to synthesize some of their own proteins

18
Q

Protein Synthesis in Eukaryotes + Prokaryotes

A

P- Both Transcription + Translation happens at the same time in cytoplasm
E- Transcription happens in the nucleus + Translation happens in cytoplasm

19
Q

Transcription

A
  • DNA is transcribed into protein
    1. RNA binds to genes so it can read and bases
    2. Addition of Uracil nucelotide
    3. mRNA sequence is complete + detaches from DNA
20
Q

Translation

A
  • mRNA is translated into protein (in ribosome)
    1. Ribosomal subunit binds to start of mRNA sequence
    2. Ribosomes translate each codon in turn
    3. Ribosome reaches stop codon, making a new polypeptide chain
21
Q

Tay-sacs Disease

A

Genetic condition that kills nerve cells. Caused by the absence of an enzyme that helps break down fatty substances.

Biology I (26 decks)

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