Chapter 1

Question 1

Year x-rays were discovered

Answer 1

1895

Question 2

Radiation that produces positively and negatively charged particles (ions) when passing through matter

Answer 2

Ionizing radiation

Question 3

Any radiation exposure that does not benefit a person in terms of diagnostic information obtained for the clinical management of medical needs

Answer 3

Unnecessary radiation

Question 4

Effective protective meaures to take into consideration to protect from unnecessary radiation

Answer 4

Human and environmental physical determinants
Technical elements
Procedural factors

Question 5

Damange to living tissue of animals and humans exposed to radiation

Answer 5

Biological effects

Question 6

The degree to which the diagnostic study accurately reveals the presence or absence of disease in the patient

Answer 6

Diagnostic efficacy

Question 7

Who accepts basic responsibility for protecting the patient from radiation exposure that is not useful

Answer 7

Referring physician

Question 8

Share in keeping the patient’s medical radiation exposure at the lowest possible level

Answer 8

Radiographer and participating radiologist

Question 9

What is synonymous with ALARA

Answer 9

ORP - optimization for radiation protection

Question 10

The probability of injury, ailment, or death resulting from activity

Answer 10

Risk (general terms)

Question 11

The possibility of inducing a radiogenic cancer or genetic defect after irradiation

Answer 11

Risk (medical industry)

Question 12

A method that can be used to improve understanding and reduce fear and anxiety for the patient

Answer 12

BERT (background equivalent radiation time)

Question 13

Appox annual US population exposure

Answer 13

3 mSv

Question 14

What campaign addresses concerns about the increase in general public exposure to ionizing radiation

Answer 14

Image Wisely Campaign

Question 15

Consequences of ionization in human cells

Answer 15

1. Unstable atoms
2. Free electrons
3. Free radicles that are capable of producing poisonous substances
4. New biologic molecules detrimental to the living cell
5. Injury to the cell

Question 16

How deep can x-rays penetrate

Answer 16

5cm or greater

Question 17

3 radiation quantities

Answer 17

Exposure
Absorbed Dose
Effective Dose

Question 18

How is exposure measured?

Answer 18

Coulomb/kg

Question 19

The amount of ionization in the air

Answer 19

Exposure

Question 20

Responsible for the execution, enforcement, and maintenance of the ALARA program

Answer 20

Radiation safety officer

Question 21

Advantages of using BERT

Answer 21

1. Does not imply radiation risk
2. Emphasizes radiation is in the environment
3. Easy to understand

Question 22

What organization increases awareness among nonradiology uses of potentially high radiation from CT in peds

Answer 22

Alliance for Radiation Safety in Pediatric Imaging

Question 23

Provides rad techs with a full understanding of safe operations of fluoro with pediatric patients

Answer 23

Pause and Pulse

Question 24

Based on large scale surveys of actual measurement of x-ray machines in hospitals

Answer 24

Reference values

Question 25

Can lead to reduction in dose for the patient

Answer 25

Standardized Dose Reporting

Question 26

Effective measures employed by radiation workers to safeguard patients, personnel, and the general public from unnecessary exposure to ionizing radiation

Answer 26

Radiation Protection

Question 27

Ongoing responsibility of diagnostic imaging professionals to ensure radiation safety during all medical radiation procedures

Answer 27

Effective radiation protection

Question 28

Perception that the potential benefit to be obtained is greater than the risk involved

Answer 28

Willingness to accept risk