ch5 vocab*

Question 1

Alpha waves

Answer 1

brain waves that indicate a state of relaxation or light sleep

Question 2

Delta waves

Answer 2

long, slow waves that indicate the deepest stage of sleep

Question 3

Beta waves

Answer 3

brain waves that indicate a state of being awake and alert

Question 4

Theta waves

Answer 4

brain waves indicating the early stages of sleep

Question 5

Electrocardiograph (EKG)

Answer 5

records the contractions of the heart

Question 5

Electroencephalograph (EEG)

Answer 5

device that monitors the electrical activity of the brain over time w/ recording electrodes attached to the scalp

Question 6

Electromyograph (EMG)

Answer 6

records muscular activity and tension

Question 7

Electrooculography (EOG)

Answer 7

records eye movements

Question 8

Circadian rhythm

Answer 8

24-hour biological cycles found in humans and many other species

Question 9

Amphetamines

Answer 9

drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded up body functions and associated energy and mood changes

Question 9

Barbiturates

Answer 9

depressant drugs that have a sedative effect

Question 10

Altered states of consciousness

Answer 10

state in which there is a shift in the quality or pattern of mental activity compared to waking consciousness

Question 10

Caffeine

Answer 10

mild stimulant found in coffee, tea, and several other plant-based substances

Question 11

Cannabis

Answer 11

the hemp plant from which marijuana, hashish, and THC are derived

Question 12

Hallucinogens

Answer 12

diverse group of drugs that have powerful effects on mental and emotional functioning, marked most notably by distortions in sensory and perceptual experience

Question 12

Melatonin

Answer 12

hormone released from the pineal gland that is associated with the sleep-wake cycle

Question 12

Depressants

Answer 12

drugs that decrease the functioning of the nervous system

Question 12

Methadone

Answer 12

narcotic drug derived from opium used to treat heroin addiction

Question 13

Narcotics (opiates)

Answer 13

drugs derived from opium that are capable of relieving pain

Question 13

Nicotine

Answer 13

a natural stimulant and the active ingredient in tobacco

Question 14

Sedatives

Answer 14

sleep-inducing drugs that decrease central nervous system activation and behavioral activity

Question 15

Psychoactive drugs

Answer 15

chemical substances that modify mental, emotional, or behavioral function

Question 16

Stimulants

Answer 16

drugs that tend to increase central nervous system activation and behavioral activity

Question 17

Tolerance

Answer 17

a progressive decrease in person’s responsiveness to a drug-resulted of continued use

Question 17

Waking consciousness

Answer 17

state which thoughts, feelings, and sensations are clear, organized-person feels alert

Question 18

Sleep deprivation

Answer 18

an significant loss of sleep, resulting in problems in concentration and irritability

Question 18

Sleep apnea

Answer 18

involves frequent, reflexive gasping for air that awakens a person and disrupts sleep

Question 19

Restorative theory

Answer 19

theory of sleep proposing that sleep is necessary to the physical health of the body and serves to replenish chemicals and repair cellular damage

Question 19

Sleep

Answer 19

periodic, natural loss of consciousness-as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation

Question 20

REM rebound

Answer 20

increased amounts of REM sleep after being deprived of REM sleep on earlier nights

Question 21

REM paralysis

Answer 21

the inability to move the voluntary muscles during REM

Question 22

REM sleep behavior disorder

Answer 22

marked by potentially troublesome dream enactments during REM periods

Question 23

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep

Answer 23

a deep stage of sleep marked by rapid eye movements, high-frequency brain waves, and dreaming

Question 24

non-REM sleep

Answer 24

consists of sleep stages which are marked by an absence of rapid eye movements, relatively little dreaming, and varied EEG activity

Question 24

Posthypnotic suggestion

Answer 24

a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized

Question 25

Night terrors

Answer 25

relatively rare disorder in which the person experiences extreme fear and screams or runs around during deep sleep, without waking fully

Question 26

Narcolepsy-

Answer 26

a disease marked by sudden and irresistible onsets of sleep during normal waking periods

Question 27

Nightmares

Answer 27

bad dreams occurring during REM sleep

Question 28

Microsleeps

Answer 28

brief episodes of sleep lasting only a few seconds

Question 29

Meditation

Answer 29

a family of practices that train attention to heighten awareness and bring mental processes under greater voluntary control

Question 29

Manifest content

Answer 29

the plot of a dream at surface level

Question 30

Latent content

Answer 30

refers to the hidden or disguised meaning of the events in the plot of a dream

Question 31

Insomnia

Answer 31

chronic problems in getting adequate sleep-result in daytime fatigue/impaired functioning

Question 31

Hypnosis

Answer 31

a systematic procedure that typically produces a heightened state of suggestibility

Question 32

Hallucinations

Answer 32

false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus

Question 33

Biological rhythms

Answer 33

periodic fluctuations in physiological functioning

Question 34

Consciousness

Answer 34

the awareness of internal and external stimuli

Question 35

Dissociation

Answer 35

a splitting off of mental processes into two separate, simultaneous streams of awareness

Question 36

Dreams

Answer 36

a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind

Question 37

Physical dependence

Answer 37

exists when a person must continue to take a drug to avoid withdrawal illness