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Psychology > ch5 vocab* > Flashcards

ch5 vocab* Flashcards

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1
Q

Alpha waves

A

brain waves that indicate a state of relaxation or light sleep

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2
Q

Delta waves

A

long, slow waves that indicate the deepest stage of sleep

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3
Q

Beta waves

A

brain waves that indicate a state of being awake and alert

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4
Q

Theta waves

A

brain waves indicating the early stages of sleep

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5
Q

Electrocardiograph (EKG)

A

records the contractions of the heart

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5
Q

Electroencephalograph (EEG)

A

device that monitors the electrical activity of the brain over time w/ recording electrodes attached to the scalp

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6
Q

Electromyograph (EMG)

A

records muscular activity and tension

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7
Q

Electrooculography (EOG)

A

records eye movements

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8
Q

Circadian rhythm

A

24-hour biological cycles found in humans and many other species

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9
Q

Amphetamines

A

drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded up body functions and associated energy and mood changes

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9
Q

Barbiturates

A

depressant drugs that have a sedative effect

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10
Q

Altered states of consciousness

A

state in which there is a shift in the quality or pattern of mental activity compared to waking consciousness

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10
Q

Caffeine

A

mild stimulant found in coffee, tea, and several other plant-based substances

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11
Q

Cannabis

A

the hemp plant from which marijuana, hashish, and THC are derived

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12
Q

Hallucinogens

A

diverse group of drugs that have powerful effects on mental and emotional functioning, marked most notably by distortions in sensory and perceptual experience

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12
Q

Melatonin

A

hormone released from the pineal gland that is associated with the sleep-wake cycle

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12
Q

Depressants

A

drugs that decrease the functioning of the nervous system

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12
Q

Methadone

A

narcotic drug derived from opium used to treat heroin addiction

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13
Q

Narcotics (opiates)

A

drugs derived from opium that are capable of relieving pain

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13
Q

Nicotine

A

a natural stimulant and the active ingredient in tobacco

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14
Q

Sedatives

A

sleep-inducing drugs that decrease central nervous system activation and behavioral activity

15
Q

Psychoactive drugs

A

chemical substances that modify mental, emotional, or behavioral function

16
Q

Stimulants

A

drugs that tend to increase central nervous system activation and behavioral activity

17
Q

Tolerance

A

a progressive decrease in person’s responsiveness to a drug-resulted of continued use

17
Q

Waking consciousness

A

state which thoughts, feelings, and sensations are clear, organized-person feels alert

18
Q

Sleep deprivation

A

an significant loss of sleep, resulting in problems in concentration and irritability

18
Q

Sleep apnea

A

involves frequent, reflexive gasping for air that awakens a person and disrupts sleep

19
Q

Restorative theory

A

theory of sleep proposing that sleep is necessary to the physical health of the body and serves to replenish chemicals and repair cellular damage

19
Q

Sleep

A

periodic, natural loss of consciousness-as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation

20
Q

REM rebound

A

increased amounts of REM sleep after being deprived of REM sleep on earlier nights

21
Q

REM paralysis

A

the inability to move the voluntary muscles during REM

22
Q

REM sleep behavior disorder

A

marked by potentially troublesome dream enactments during REM periods

23
Q

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep

A

a deep stage of sleep marked by rapid eye movements, high-frequency brain waves, and dreaming

24
Q

non-REM sleep

A

consists of sleep stages which are marked by an absence of rapid eye movements, relatively little dreaming, and varied EEG activity

24
Q

Posthypnotic suggestion

A

a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized

25
Q

Night terrors

A

relatively rare disorder in which the person experiences extreme fear and screams or runs around during deep sleep, without waking fully

26
Q

Narcolepsy-

A

a disease marked by sudden and irresistible onsets of sleep during normal waking periods

27
Q

Nightmares

A

bad dreams occurring during REM sleep

28
Q

Microsleeps

A

brief episodes of sleep lasting only a few seconds

29
Q

Meditation

A

a family of practices that train attention to heighten awareness and bring mental processes under greater voluntary control

29
Q

Manifest content

A

the plot of a dream at surface level

30
Q

Latent content

A

refers to the hidden or disguised meaning of the events in the plot of a dream

31
Q

Insomnia

A

chronic problems in getting adequate sleep-result in daytime fatigue/impaired functioning

31
Q

Hypnosis

A

a systematic procedure that typically produces a heightened state of suggestibility

32
Q

Hallucinations

A

false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus

33
Q

Biological rhythms

A

periodic fluctuations in physiological functioning

34
Q

Consciousness

A

the awareness of internal and external stimuli

35
Q

Dissociation

A

a splitting off of mental processes into two separate, simultaneous streams of awareness

36
Q

Dreams

A

a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind

37
Q

Physical dependence

A

exists when a person must continue to take a drug to avoid withdrawal illness

Psychology (20 decks)

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