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Medical Terminology 101 > Ch.4 Part 2 > Flashcards

Ch.4 Part 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Abduction

A

movement of a limb away from the midline of the body

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2
Q

adduction

A

movement of a limb toward the midline of the body

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3
Q

adhesion

A

bands of scar-like tissue that form between two surfaces inside the body and cause them to stick together

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4
Q

ataxia

A

lack of muscle control in voluntary movements

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5
Q

atonic

A

loss of normal muscle strength. Like atonic seizure

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6
Q

atrophy

A

Muscle atrophy is a decrease in muscle mass, often due to extended immobility

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7
Q

bradykinesia

A

slowness of movement, symptom of parkinsons

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8
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome

A

common condition that causes pain, numbness, and tingling in the hand and arm

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9
Q

chronic fatigue syndrome

A

complicated disorder characterized by extreme fatigue that lasts for at least six months and that can’t be fully explained by an underlying medical condition

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10
Q

circumduction

A

orderly combination of shoulder movements so that the hand traces a circle and the arm traces a cone

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11
Q

contracture

A

permanent shortening, producing deformity or distortion

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12
Q

dorsiflexion

A

backward bending and contracting of your hand or foot

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13
Q

dyskinesia

A

nvoluntary movement that you cannot control

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14
Q

dystonia

A

involuntary muscle contractions that cause slow repetitive movements or abnormal postures

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15
Q

EMG

A

Electromyography, measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation

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16
Q

epicondylitis

A

inflammation of the tissues surrounding his elbow

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17
Q

ergonomics

A

applied science concerned with designing and arranging things people use so that the people and things interact most efficiently and safely

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18
Q

exercise physiologist

A

specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation

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19
Q

fasciitis

A

inflammation of a fascia

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20
Q

fibromyalgia

A

chronic disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and tenderness in localized areas.

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21
Q

ganglion cyst

A

A noncancerous lump, often on the tendons or joints of wrists and hands

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22
Q

heel spur

A

A bony growth that develops around the heel bone, often caused by ill-fitting shoes, and sometimes causing pain.

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23
Q

hemiparesis

A

Muscle weakness or partial paralysis on one side of the body that can affect the arms, legs, and facial muscles

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24
Q

hemiplegia

A

condition, caused by a brain injury, that results in a varying degree of weakness, stiffness, another word for hemiparesis

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25
Q

hernia

A

A bulging of an organ or tissue through an abnormal opening.

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26
Q

hyperkinesia

A

excessive movement and generally refers to a wide variety of abnormal involuntary movements or dyskinesias

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27
Q

hypotonia

A

abnormal low level of muscle tone

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28
Q

impingement syndrome

A

Shoulder pain caused by connective tissue (a tendon) rubbing on a shoulder blade.

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29
Q

insertion

A

the places where a muscle attaches on bones

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30
Q

intermittent claudication

A

pain you feel when your leg muscles don’t get enough blood while you exercise

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31
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

group of diseases that cause progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass

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32
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

MG, chronic autoimmune disorder in which antibodies destroy the communication between nerves and muscle

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33
Q

myocele

A

Protrusion of muscle substance through a tear in its sheath

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34
Q

myoclonus

A

quick, involuntary muscle jerk, like hiccups

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35
Q

Myofascial release

A

manipulative treatment that attempts to release tension in the fascia due to trauma, posture, or inflammation

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36
Q

myolysis

A

procedure for treating uterine fibroids that involves coagulation (as by electric current) of blood vessels supplying the fibroid with subsequent shrinkage of the fibroid

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37
Q

myoparesis

A

slight muscle paralysis.

38
Q

myorrhaphy

A

suture of a muscle

39
Q

neuromuscular

A

Pertaining to both nerves and muscles

40
Q

oblique

A

slanting angle

41
Q

paraplegia

A

paralysis of the lower body

42
Q

physiatrist

A

treat a wide variety of medical conditions affecting the brain, spinal cord, nerves, bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, and tendons

43
Q

plantar fasciitis

A

inflammation of the fibrous tissue (plantar fascia) along the bottom of your foot that connects your heel bone to your toes.

44
Q

polymyositis

A

an uncommon inflammatory disease that causes muscle weakness affecting both sides of your body

45
Q

pronation

A

Rotation of the forearm and hand so that the palm is down

46
Q

quadriplegia

A

refers to paralysis from the neck down, including the trunk, legs and arms

47
Q

sarcopenia

A

loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, typically in older people

48
Q

shin splint

A

Pain caused by overuse along the shinbone, the large front bone in the lower leg

49
Q

singultus

A

Hiccups

50
Q

sphincter

A

annular muscle surrounding and able to contract or close a bodily opening

51
Q

sprain

A

stretching or tearing of ligaments

52
Q

tenodesis

A

operation of suturing the end of a tendon to a bone

53
Q

tenolysis

A

surgery to remove adhesions from a tendon

54
Q

tenorrhaphy

A

surgical suture of the divided ends of a tendon

55
Q

tenosynovitis

A

inflammation of the lining of the sheath that surrounds a tendon

56
Q

tenotomy

A

surgical division of a tendon

57
Q

torticollis

A

aka wryneck, is a twisting of the neck that causes the head to rotate and tilt at an odd angle.

58
Q

transverse

A

parallel to the gound

59
Q

DTR

A

Deep Tendon Reflexes are tested with a reflex hammer, its involuntary, and if it doesn’t work there may be an issue with nerves in the area

60
Q

ROM

A

Range-of-motion testing, evaluates joint mobility and muscle strength

61
Q

antispasmodic

A

aka anticholinergic suppresses smooth muscle contractions of the stomach, intestine, or bladder.

62
Q

skeletal muscle relaxant

A

relax certain muscles and to relieve the stiffness, pain, and discomfort caused by strains, sprains, or other muscle injuries

63
Q

neuromuscular blocker

A

drug that causes temporary paralysis by blocking the transmission of nerve stimuli to the muscles

64
Q

Myofascial release

A

specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, and carpal tunnel syndrome

65
Q

Occupational therapy (OT)

A

consists of activities to promote recovery and rehabilitation to assist patients in performing the activities of daily living

66
Q

Physical therapy

A

treatment to prevent disability or restore function through the use of exercise, heat, massage, or other techniques

67
Q

Therapeutic ultrasound

A

high-frequency sound waves to treat muscle injuries by generating heat deep within muscle tissue

68
Q

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

A

uses a device that delivers electrical impulses through the skin, which cause changes in muscles

69
Q

Rice

A

Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation, first aid for muscle injuries

70
Q

fasciotomy

A

surgical incision through the fascia to relieve tension or pressure

71
Q

Fascioplasty

A

surgical repair of a fascia

72
Q

tendinosis

A

surgical suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone

73
Q

Tenolysis

A

release of a tendon from adhesions

74
Q

Tenorrhaphy

A

suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon

75
Q

Tenotomy

A

surgical incision into a tendon

76
Q

Myorrhaphy

A

surgical suturing of a muscle

77
Q

myotomy

A

surgical incision into a muscle

78
Q

ADL

A

activities of daily living

79
Q

CTS

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

80
Q

CFS

A

chronic fatigue syndrome

81
Q

EMG

A

electromyography

82
Q

Hemi

A

hemiplegia

83
Q

IC

A

intermittent claudication

84
Q

MD

A

muscular dystrophy

85
Q

MG

A

myasthenia gravis

86
Q

OT

A

occupational therapy, occupational therapist

87
Q

PM

A

polymyositis

88
Q

Quad

A

quadriplegia, quadriplegic

89
Q

RSD

A

repetitive stress disorder

90
Q

ADL

A

activities of daily living

Medical Terminology 101 (20 decks)

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