ch 9 - vocabulary / terms Flashcards
1
Q
adenosine triphosphate
A
- abbreviated ATP
- substance that provides energy to the cells and converts oxygen to carbon dioxide, a waste product we breathe out
2
Q
amino acid
A
organic acids that form the building blocks of protein
3
Q
arteriosclerosis
A
clogging and hardening of the arteries
4
Q
B vitamins
A
- these water-soluble vitamins interact with other water-soluble vitamins and act as coenzymes (catalysts) by facilitating enzymatic reactions
- include niacin, riboflavin, thiamine, pyridoxine, folacin, biotin, cobalamine, and pantothenic acid
5
Q
bioflavonoids
A
- biologically active flavonoids
- also called vitamin P
- considered an aid to healthy skin and found most abundantly in citrus fruits
6
Q
calories
A
- measure of heat units
- measures food energy for the body
7
Q
carbohydrates
A
- frequently called carbs
- compounds that break down the basic chemical sugars and supply energy for the body
- most important carbohydrate is glucose which provides the majority of the body’s energy
8
Q
cholesterol
A
- waxy substance found in your body that is needed to produce hormones, vitamin D, and bile
- important for protecting nerves and for the structure of cells
9
Q
complementary foods
A
- combinations of two incomplete foods
- complementary proteins eaten together provide all the essential amino acids and make a complete protein
10
Q
disaccharides
A
sugars made up of two simple sugars such as lactose and sucrose
11
Q
enzymes
A
catalysts that break down complex food molecules to utilize extracted energy
12
Q
fats
A
- aka. lipids
- macronutrients used to produce energy in the body
- the materials in the sebaceous glands that lubricate the skin
13
Q
fortified
A
- a vitamin has been added to a food product
14
Q
glycosaminoglycans
A
water-binding substance between the fibers of the dermis
15
Q
hypoglycemia
A
- condition in which blood glucose or blood sugar drops too low
- caused by either too much insulin or low food intake
