ch 6 - vocabulary / terms Flashcards
1
Q
abductors
A
- muscles that draw a body part, such as a finger, arm, or toe, away from the midline of the body or of an extremity
- in the hand, abductors separate the fingers
2
Q
absorption
A
the transport of fully digested food into the circulatory system to feed the tissues and cells
3
Q
adductors
A
- muscles that draw a body part, such as a finger, arm, or toe, inward toward the median axis of the body or of an extremity
- in the hand, adductors draw the fingers together
4
Q
adipose tissue
A
a specialized connective tissue considered fat, which gives smoothness and contour to the body and cushions and insulates the body
5
Q
adrenal glands
A
glands that secrete about 30 steroid hormones and control metabolic processes of the body, including the fight-or-flight response
6
Q
anabolism
A
- constructive metabolism
- the process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones
7
Q
anatomy
A
the study of human body structure that can be seen with the naked eye and how the body parts are organized and the science of the structure of organisons or of their parts
8
Q
angular artery
A
supplies blood to the side of the nose
9
Q
anterior auricular artery
A
supplies blood to the front part of the ear
10
Q
aorta
A
- the body’s largest artery
- the arterial trunk that carries blood from from the heart to be distributed by branch arteries through the body
11
Q
arteries
A
thick-walled muscular and flexible tubes that carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the capillaries throughout the body
12
Q
arterioles
A
small arteries that deliver blood to capillaries
13
Q
atrioventricular valves
A
- abbreviated ATV
- valves which are designed to prevent the blood from flowing back into the pumping chamber
14
Q
atrium
A
- thin-walled, upper chamber of the heart through which blood is pumped to the ventricles
- there is a right atrium and a left atrium
15
Q
auricularis anterior
A
muscle in front of the ear that draws the ear forward
16
Q
auricularis posterior
A
muscle behind the ear that draws the ear backward
17
Q
auricularis superior
A
muscle above the ear that draws the ear upward
18
Q
auriculotemporal nerve
A
affects the external ear and skin above the temple, up to the top of the skull
19
Q
autonomic nervous system
A
- abbreviated ANS
- the part of the nervous system that controls the involuntary muscles
- regulates the actions of the smooth muscles, glands, blood vessels, and heart
20
Q
axon
A
the extension of a neuron through which impulses are sent away from the cell body to other neurons, glands, or muscles
21
Q
belly
A
middle part of a muscle
22
Q
biceps
A
muscle producing the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm
23
Q
blood
A
nutritive fluid circulating through the circulatory system (heart, veins, arteries, and capillaries) to supply oxygen and nutrients to cells and tissues and to remove carbon dioxide and waste from them
24
Q
blood vessels
A
- tube-like structures that transport blood to and from the heart, and to various tissues of the body
- include arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins
25
body systems
- aka. systems
- groups of bodily organs acting together to perform one or more functions
- the human body is composed of 11 major systems
26
brachial artery
located in the upper arm, the brachial artery is a major blood vessel which runs down the arm and ends by dividing into the radial and ulnar arteries, which run down through the forearm
27
brain
- part of the central nervous system contained in the cranium
- largest and most complex nerve tissue
- controls sensation, muscles, glandular activity, and the power to think and feel
28
brain stem
structure that connects the spinal cord to the brain
29
buccal nerve
affects the muscles of the mouth
30
buccinator
thin, flat muscle of the cheek between the upper and lower jaw that compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips
31
capillaries
- tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that connect the smaller arteries to the veins
- bring nutrients to the cells and carry away waste materials
32
cardiac muscle
- the involuntary muscle that is the heart
- this type of muscle is not found in any other part of the body
33
carpus
- aka. wrist
- a flexible joint composed of eight small, irregular bones (carpals) held together by ligaments
34
catabolism
the phase of metabolism that involves the breaking down of complex compounds within the cells into smaller ones, often resulting in the release of energy to perform functions such as muscular efforts, secretions, or digestion
35
cell membrane
part of the cell that encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble substances to enter and leave the cell
36
cells
- basic unit of all living things
- minute mass of protoplasm capable of performing all the fundamental functions of life
37
central nervous system
- abbreviated CNS
- cerebrospinal nervous system
- consists of the brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves
38
cerebellum
- lies at the base of the cerebrum and is attached to the brain stem
- Latin for "little brain"
39
cerebrum
makes up the bulk of the brain and is located in the front, upper part of the cranium
40
cervical cutaneous nerve
located at the side of the neck that affects the front and sides of the neck and far down as the breastbone
41
cervical nerve
- originated at the spinal cord, whose branches supply the muscles and scalp at the back of the head and neck
- affect the side of the neck and the platysma muscle
42
cervical vertebrae
the seven bones of the top part of the vertebral column, located in the neck region
43
circulatory system
- aka. cardiovascular system or vascular system
- controls the steady circulation of the blood through the body by means of the heart and blood vessels
44
clavicle
- aka. collarbone
- bone joining the sternum and scapula
45
common carotid arteries
supplies blood to the face, head, and neck
46
connective tissue
- fibrous tissue that binds together, protects, and supports the various parts of the body such as bone, cartilage, and tendons
- ex. bone, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, blood, lymph, and fat
47
corrugator muscle
facial muscle that draws eyebrows down and wrinkles the forehead vertically
48
cranium
oval, bony case that protects the brain
49
cytoplasm
- all the protoplasm of a cell except that which is in the nucleus
- the watery fluid containing food material necessary for cell growth, reproduction, and self-repair
50
defecation
elimination of feces from the body
51
deltoid
large, triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint that allows the arm to extend outward and to the side of the body
52
dendrites
- tree-like branching of nerve fibers extending from a nerve cell
- short nerve fibers that carry impulses toward the cell and receive impulses from other neurons
53
deoxyribonucleic acid
- abbreviated DNA
- the blueprint material of genetic information
- contains all the information that controls the function of every living cell
54
depressor anguli oris
- aka. triangularis muscle
- muscle extending alongside the chin that pulls down the corner of the mouth
55
depressor labii inferioris
- aka. quadratus labii inferioris
- muscle surrounding the lower lip that depresses the lower lip and draws it to one side
56
diaphragm
muscular wall that separates the thorax from the abdominal region and helps control breathing
57
diencephalon
- located in the uppermost part of the midbrain
- consists of two main parts the thalamus and the hypothalamus
58
digestion
breakdown of food by mechanical and chemical means
59
digestive enzymes
chemicals that change certain kinds of food into a form that can be used by the body
60
digestive system
- aka. gastrointestinal system
- responsible for changing food into nutrients and wastes
- consists of the mouth, stomach intestines, salivary and gastric glands and other organs
61
digital nerve
- sensory-motor nerve that, with its branches, supplies impulses to the fingers
62
eleventh cranial nerve
- aka. accessory nerve
- a motor nerve that controls the motion of the neck and shoulder muscles
63
endocrine glands
- aka. ductless glands
- release secretions called hormones directly into the bloodstream which in turn influence the welfare of the entire body
64
endocrine system
group of specialized glands that affect the growth development, sexual activities, and health of the entire body
65
epicranial aponeurosis
tendon connecting the occipitalis and the frontalis
66
epicranius
- aka. occipitofrontalis
- the broad muscle that covers the top of the skull and consists of the occipitalis and frontalis
67
epithelial tissue
protective covering on body surfaces, such as the skin, mucous membranes, and lining of the heart, digestive and respiratory organs, and glands
68
ethmoid bone
light, spongy bone between the eye sockets that forms part of the nasal cavities
69
excretory system
group of organs - including the kidneys, liver, skin, large intestine, and lungs - that purify the body by elimination of waste matter
70
exhalation
- breathing outward
- expelling carbon dioxide from the lungs
71
exocrine glands
- aka. duct glands
- produce a substance that travels through small, tube-like ducts
- sweat and oil glands of the skin belong to this group
72
extensors
muscles that straighten the wrist, hand, and fingers to form a straight line
73
external carotid artery
- supplies blood to the anterior (front) parts of the scalp, ear, face, neck, and side of the head
74
external jugular vein
- located on the side of the neck that carries blood returning to the heart from the head, face, and neck
75
facial artery
- aka. external maxillary artery
- supplies blood to the lower region of the face, mouth, and nose
76
fifth cranial nerve
- aka. trifacial or trigeminal nerve
- it is the chief sensory nerve of the face, and it serves as the motor nerve of the muscles that control chewing
- consists of three branches
77
flexor
extensor muscles of the wrist, involved in flexing the wrist
78
frontal artery
supplies blood to the forehead and upper eyelids
79
frontal bone
bone forming the forehead
80
frontalis
- front (anterior) portion of the epicranius
- muscle of the scalp that raises the eyebrows, draws the scalp forward, and causes wrinkles across the forehead
81
glands
specialized organs that remove certain elements from the blood to convert them into new compounds
82
greater auricular nerve
nerve at the sides of the neck affecting the face, ears, neck, and parotid gland
83
greater occipital nerve
located in the back of the head, affects the scalp as far up as the top of the head
84
heart
muscular cone-shaped organ that keeps the blood moving within the circulatory system
85
hemoglobin
iron-containing protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen
86
histology
- aka. microscopic anatomy
- the study of the structure and composition of tissue
87
hormones
secretions produced by one of the endocrine glands and carried by the bloodstream or body fluid to another part of the body, or a body organ, to stimulate functional activity or secretion, such as insulin, adrenaline, and estrogen
88
humerus
uppermost and largest bone in the arm, extending from the elbow to the shoulder
89
hyoid bone
u-shaped bone at the base of the tongue that supports the tongue and its muscle
90
inferior labial artery
supplies blood to the lower lip
91
infraorbital artery
originates from the internal maxillary artery and supplies blood to the eye muscles
92
infraorbital nerve
affects the skin or the lower eyelid, side of the nose, upper lip, and mouth
93
infratrochlear nerve
affects the membrane and skin of the nose
94
ingestion
eating or taking food into the body
95
inhalation
breathing in through the nose or mouth, and thus oxygen is absorbed by the blood
96
insertion
point where the skeletal muscle is attached to a bone or other more movable body part
97
integumentary system
the skin and its accessory organs, such as the oil and sweat glands, sensory receptors, hair, and nails
98
internal carotid artery
supplies blood to the brain, eyes, eyelids, forehead, nose, and internal ear
99
internal jugular vein
located at the side of the neck to collect blood from the brain and parts of the face and neck
100
interstitial fluid
blood plasma found in the spaces between tissues
101
joint
connection between two or more bones of the skeleton
102
kidneys
one of the organs which supports the excretory system by eliminating water and waste products
103
lacrimal bones
small, thin bones located in the anterior medial wall of the orbits (eye sockets)
104
lateral pterygoid
- muscles that coordinate with the masseter, temporalis, and medial pterygoid muscles to open and close the mouth and bring the jaw forward
- sometimes referred to as chewing muscles
105
latissimus dorsi
large, flat, triangular muscle covering the lower back
106
levator anguli oris
- aka. caninus
- muscle that raises the angle of the mouth and draws it inward
107
levator labii superioris
- aka. quadratu labii superioris
- muscle surrounding the upper lip that elevates the upper lip and dilates the nostrils, as in expressing distaste
108
liver
one of the organs which supports the excretory system by removing toxic waste products of digestion
109
lungs
spongy tissues composed of microscopic cells in which inhaled air is exchanged for carbon dioxide during one respiratory cycle
110
lymph
- clear yellowish fluid that circulates in the lymph spaces (lymphatic) of the body
- carries waste and impurities away from the cells
111
lymph capillaries
lymphatic vessels that occur in clusters and are distributed throughout most of the body
112
lymph nodes
- gland-like structures found inside lymphatic vessels
- filter the lymphatic vessels and help fight infection
113
lymphatic / immune system
- vital to the circulatory and to the immune system made up of lymph, lymph nodes, the thymus gland, the spleen, and lymph vessels that act as an aid to the blood system
- the lymphatic and immune system are closely connected in that they protect the body from disease by developing immunities and destroying disease-causing microorganisms
114
mandible
- lower jawbone
- largest and strongest bone of the face
115
mandibular nerve
- branch of the fifth cranial nerve that supplies the muscles and skin of the lower part of the face
- affects the muscles of the chin and lower lip
116
masseter
- one of the muscles that coordinate with the temporalis, medial pterygoid, and lateral pterygoid muscles to open and close the mouth and bring the jaw forward
- sometimes referred to as chewing msucles
117
maxillary bone
form the upper jaw
118
maxillary nerve
branch of the fifth cranial nerve that supplies the upper part of the face
119
medial pterygoid
- one of the muscles that coordinate with the masseter, temporalis, and lateral pterygoid muscles to open and close the mouth and bring the jaw forward
- sometimes referred to as chewing muscles
120
median nerve
- supplies the arm and hand
- smaller than the ulnar and radial nerves
121
melasma
- aka. pregnancy mask
- skin condition that is triggered by hormones that causes darker pigmentation in areas such as on the upper lip and around the eyes and cheeks
122
mental nerve
affects the skin or the lower lip and chin
123
mentalis
muscle that elevates the lower lip and raises and wrinkles the skin of the chin
124
metabolism
- chemical process taking place in living organisms whereby the cells are nourished and carry out their activities
- process of changing food into forms the body can use as energy
- consists of two parts: anabolism and catabolism
125
metacarpus
- aka. palm
- consists of five long, slender bones called metacarpal bones
126
middle temporal artery
supplies blood to the temples
127
mitosis
- cells dividing into two new cells (daughter cells)
- the usual process of cell reproduction of human tissues
128
mitral valve
- aka. bicuspid valve
- a valve in which, from the left atrium, the blood flows through into the left ventricle
129
motor nerves
- aka. efferent nerves
- carry impulses from the brain to the muscles or glands
- these transmitted impulses produce movement
130
muscle tissue
tissue that contracts and moves various parts of the body
131
muscular system
- body system that covers, shapes, and supports the skeleton tissue
- contracts and moves various parts of the body
132
myology
study of the nature, structure, function, and diseases of the muscles
133
nasal bones
forms the bridge of the nose
134
nasal nerve
affects the point and lower sides of the nose
135
nasalis muscle
two-part muscle which covers the nose
136
nerve tissue
tissue that controls and coordinates all body functions
137
nerves
whitish cords made up of bundles of nerve fibers held together by connective tissue, through which impulses are transmitted
138
nervous system
- body system composed of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves
- controls and coordinates all other systems and makes them work harmoniously and efficiently
139
neurology
the scientific study of the structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system
140
neuron or nerve cell
basic unit of the nervous system, consisting of the cell body, nucleus, dendrites, and axon
141
nonstriated muscles
- aka. involuntary, visceral, or smooth muscles
- function automatically, without conscious will
142
nucleoplasm
- fluid within the nucleus of the cell that contains proteins and DNA
- determines our genetic makeup
143
nucleus
- the central part, core
- in histology: the dense, active protoplasm found in the center of a eukaryotic cell that acts as the genetic control center; it plays an important role in cell reproduction and metabolism
- in chemistry: the center of the atom, where protons and neutrons are located
144
occipital artery
supplies blood to the skin and muscles of the scalp and back of the head up to the crown
145
occipital bone
- hindmost bone of the skull, below the parietal bones
- forms the back of the skull above the nape
146
occipitalis
- back of the epicranius
- muscle that draws the scalp backward
147
ophthalmic nerve
- branch of the fifth cranial nerve that supplies the skin of the forehead, upper eyelids, and interior portion of the scalp, orbit, eyeball, and nasal passage
148
orbicularis oculi
- ring muscle of the eye socket
- closes the eyelid
149
orbicularis oris
flat band around the upper and lower lips that compresses, contracts, puckers and wrinkles the lips
150
organelle
small structures or miniature organs within a cell that have their own function
151
organs
structures composed of specialized tissues and performing specific functions in plants and animals
152
origin
- part or the muscle that does not move
- it is attached to the skeleton and is usually part of a skeletal muscle
153
os
means bone and is used as a prefix in many medical terms, such as osteoarthritis, a joint disease
154
osteology
study of anatomy, structure, and function of the bones
155
ovaries
function in sexual reproduction as well as determining male and female sexual charactersitics
156
palatine bones
two bones that form the hard palate of the mouth
157
pancreas
- secretes enzyme-producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
- the islet of Langerhans cells within the pancreas control insulin and glucagon production
158
parasympathetic division
- part of the autonomic nervous system, it operates under normal nonstressful situations, such as resting
- helps to restore calm and balance to the body after a stressful event
159
parathyroid glands
regulate blood calcium and phosphorus levels so that the nervous and muscular systems can function properly
160
parietal artery
supplies blood to the side and crown of the head
161
parietal bones
forms the sides and top of the cranium
162
pectoralis major and minor
muscles of the chest that assist the swinging movements of the arm
163
pericardium
- double-layered membranous sac enclosing the heart
- made of epithelial tissue
164
peripheral nervous system
- abbreviated PNS
- system of nerves and ganglia that connects the peripheral parts of the body to the central nervous system
- has both sensory and motor nerves
165
peristalsis
moving food along the digestive tract
166
phalanges
(singular : phalanx)
- aka. digits
- bones in the finger, three in each finger and two in each thumb, totaling 14 bones
167
physiology
study of the functions or activities performed by the body's structures
168
pineal gland
- located in the brain
- plays a major role in sexual development, sleep, and metabolism
169
pituitary gland
- found in the center of the head
- most complex organ of the endocrine system
- affects almost every physiologic process of the body: growth, blood pressure, contractions during childbirth, breast-milk production, sexual organ functions in both women and men, thyroid gland function, and the conversion of food into energy (metabolism)
170
plasma
fluid part of the blood and lymph that carries food and secretions to the cells and carbon dioxide from the cells
171
platelets
- aka. thrombocytes
- much smaller than red blood cells
- contribute to the blood-clotting process, which stops bleeding
172
platysma
- broad muscle extending from the chest and shoulder muscles to the side of the chin
- responsible for depressing the lower jaw and lip
173
posterior auricular artery
artery that supplies blood to the scalp, behind and above the ear
174
posterior auricular nerve
nerve that affects the muscles behind the ear at the base of the skull
175
procerus
muscles that covers the bridge of the nose, depresses the eyebrows, and causes wrinkles across the bridge of the nose
176
pronators
muscles that turn the hand inward so that the palm faces downward
177
protoplasm
- colorless, jellylike substance in cells
- contains food elements such as protein, fats, carbohydrates, mineral salts, and water
178
pulmonary circulation
sends the blood from the heart to the lungs to be purified, then back to the heart again
179
radial artery
- artery, along with numerous branches, that supplies blood to the thumb side of the arm and the back of the hand
- supplies the muscles of the skin, hands, fingers, wrist, elbow, and forearm
180
radial nerve
nerve that, with its branches, supplies the thumb side of the arm and back of the hand
181
radius
smaller bone in the forearm on the same side as the thumb
182
red blood cells
- aka. red corpuscles or erythrocytes
- produced in the red bone marrow
- blood cells that carry oxygen from the lungs to the body cells and transport carbon dioxide from the cells back to the lungs
183
reflex
- automatic reaction to a stimulus that involves the movement of an impulse from a sensory receptor along the sensory nerve to the spinal cord
- a responsive impulse is sent along a motor neuron to a muscle, causing a reaction
- reflexes do not have to be learned, they are automatic
184
reproductive system
- body system that includes ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus and vagina in the female and the testes, prostate gland, penis and urethra in the male
- performs the function of producing offspring and passing on the genetic code from one generation to another
185
respiration
- process of inhaling and exhaling
- act of breathing
- exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the lungs and within each cell
186
respiratory system
- body system consisting of the lungs and air passages
- enables breathing, which supplies the body with oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide as a waste product
187
ribs
twelve pairs of bones forming the wall of the thorax
188
risorius
muscle of the mouth that draws the corner of the mouth out and back, as in grinning
189
scapula
- aka. shoulder blade
- one of a pair of large, flat triangular bone of the shoulder
190
sensory nerves
- aka. afferent nerves
- carry impulses or messages from the sense organs to the brain, where sensations such as touch, cold, heat, sight, hearing, taste, smell, pain, and pressure are experienced
- sensory nerve endings called receptors are located close to the surface of the skin
191
serratus anterior
muscle of the chest that assists in breathing and in raising the arm
192
seventh cranial nerve
- aka. facial nerve
- the chief motor nerve of the face
- emerges near the lower part of the ear and extends to the muscles of the neck
193
skeletal system
physical foundation of the body, composed of the bones and movable and immovable joints
194
skin
- external protective coating that covers the body
- body's largest organ
- acts as a barrier to protect body systems from the outside elements
195
smaller occipital nerve
- aka. lesser occipital nerve
- located at the base of the skull, affects the scalp and muscles behind the ear
196
sphenoid bone
bone that joins all the bones of the cranium together
197
spinal cord
portion of the central nervous system that originates in the brain, extends down to the lower extremity of the trunk, and is protected by the spinal column
198
sternocleidomastoid
- abbreviated SCM
- muscle of the neck that depresses and rotates the head
199
sternum
- aka. breastbone
- the flat bone that forms the central supports of the ribs
200
striated muscles
- aka. skeletal or voluntary muscles
- attached to the bones and make up a large percentage of body mass
- controlled by the will
201
submental artery
artery that supplies blood to the chin and lower lip
202
superficial temporal artery
- continuation of the external carotid nerve artery
- supplies blood to the muscles of the front, side, and top of the head
203
superior labial artery
artery that supplies blood to the upper lip and region of the nose
204
supinator
muscle of the forearm that rotates the radius outward and the palm upward
205
supraorbital artery
artery that supplies blood to the upper eyelid and forehead
206
supraorbital nerve
nerve that affects the skin of the forehead, scalp, eyebrow, and upper eyelid
207
supratrochlear nerve
nerve that affects the skin between the eyes and upper side of the nose
208
sympathetic division
part of the autonomic nervous system that stimulates or speeds up activity and prepares the body for stressful situations, such as in running from a dangerous situation, or competing in a sports event
209
systemic or general circulation
circulation of blood from the heart throughout the body and back again to the heart
210
temporal bones
bones forming the sides of the head in the ear region
211
temporal nerve
nerve affecting the muscles of the temple, side of the forehead, eyebrow, eyelid, and upper part of the cheek
212
temporalis muscle
- temporal muscle
- one of the muscles involved in mastication (chewing)
213
testes
male organ which produce the male hormone testosterone
214
thorax
- aka. chest or pulmonary trunk
- consists of the sternum, ribs, and thoracic vertebrae
- elastic, bony cage that serves as a protective framework for the heart, lungs, and other internal organs
215
thyroid gland
- gland located in the neck
- controls how quickly the body burns energy (metabolism), makes proteins, and how sensitive the body should be to other hormones
216
tibial nerve
- division of the sciatic nerve, passes behind the knee
- subdivides and supplies impulses to the knee, the muscles of the calf, the skin of the leg, and the sole, heel, and underside of the toes
217
tissue
collection of similar cells that perform a particular function
218
transverse facial artery
artery that supplies blood to the skin and the masseter
219
trapezius
- muscle that covers the back of the neck and upper and middle region of the back
- stabilizes the scapula and shrugs the shoulders
220
triceps
large muscle that covers the entire back of the upper arm and extends the forearms
221
tricuspid valve
heart valve that prevents backflow between the right atrium and the right ventricle
222
turbinal bones
thin layers of spongy bone on either of the outer walls of the nasal depression
223
ulna
inner and larger bone of the forearm, attached to the wrist on the side of the little finger
224
ulnar artery
artery that supplies blood to the muscle of the little-finger side of the arm and palm of the hand
225
ulnar nerve
sensory-motor nerve that, with its branches, affects the little-finger side of the arm and palm of the hand
226
valves
structures that temporarily close a passage or permit flow in one direction only
227
vascular system
body system consisting of the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries for the distribution of blood throughout the body
228
veins
- thin-walled blood vessels that are less elastic than arteries
- they contain cuplike valves to prevent backflow and carry impure blood from the various capillaries back to the heart and lungs
229
ventricle
- thick-walled, lower chamber of the heart that receives blood pumped from the atrium
- there is a right and left ventricle
230
venules
- small vessels that connect the capillaries to the veins
- they collect blood from the capillaries and drain it into veins
231
vomer bone
flat, thin bone that forms part of the nasal septum
232
white blood cells
- aka. white corpuscles or leukocytes
- perform the functions of destroying disease causing germs
233
zygomatic bones
- aka. malar bones or cheekbones
- bones that form the prominence of the cheeks
- cheekbones
234
zygomatic nerve
nerve that affects the skin of the temple, side of the forehead, and upper part of the cheek
235
zygomaticus major and minor
- muscles on both sides of the face that extends from the zygomatic bone to the angle of the mouth
- elevate the lip, pull the mouth upward and backward, as when you are laughing or smiling
