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milady esthetics > ch 9 - basics of nutrition > Flashcards

ch 9 - basics of nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

what term refers to carbohydrates that contain three or more simple carbohydrates molecules

a. polysaccharides
b. monosaccharides
c. mucopolysaccharides
d. disaccharides

A

polysaccharides

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2
Q

what term refers to carbohydrate-lipid complexes that are also good water binders

a. disaccharides
b. mucopolysaccharides
c. monosaccharides
d. polysaccharides

A

mucopolysaccharides

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3
Q

how are nonessential amino acids different from other amino acids

a. they are toxic to the human body
b. they cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from diet
c. they can be synthesized by the body and need not be obtained from diet
d. they are not among the 20 “common” amino acids

A

they can be synthesized by the body and need not be obtained from diet

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4
Q

what is another name for alpha-linoleic acid, a type of “good” polyunsaturated fat that may decrease cardiovascular diseases

a. omega-3 fatty acids
b. alpha-3 fatty acids
c. omega-6 fatty acids
d. alpha-6 fatty acids

A

omega-3 fatty acids

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5
Q

what is the term for a thinning of the bones caused by the reabsoprtion of calcium into the bones

a. osteology
b. osteoporosis
c. osteohydrosis
d. osteoculosis

A

osteoporosis

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6
Q

what are proteins

a. inorganic materials
b. macronutrients used to produce energy
c. chains of amino acid molecules
d. compounds that break down the basic chemical sugars

A

chains of amino acid molecules

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7
Q

what is the commercial name for the vitamin-A derivative retinoic acid

a. Proactiv
b. Retin-A
c. Retino
d. Botox

A

Retin-A

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8
Q

what is the vitamin from which tretinoin (used for collagen synthesis, hyperpigmentation, and acne) is derived

a. vitamin A
b. vitamin C
c. vitamin E
d. vitamin K

A

vitamin A

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9
Q

what is one of the functions of the antioxidant vitamin A

a. facilitates the syntesis of factors necessary for blood coagulation
b. aids in the functioning and repair of the skin cells
c. essential for growth and development
d. prevents collagen synthesis and is used to treat visible signs of aging

A

aids in the functioning and repair of the skin cells

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10
Q

what is another name for vitamin C

a. ascorbic acid
b. retinol
c. sunshine vitamin
d. tocopherol

A

ascorbic acid

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11
Q

what does adenosine triphosphate do

a. forms the building blocks of protein
b. facilitates enzymatic reactions
c. provides energy to cells and converts energy to carbon dioxide
d. protects nerves and contributes to the structure of cells

A

provides energy to cells and converts energy to carbon dioxide

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12
Q

what forms the building blocks of protein

a. bioflavonoids
b. amino acids
c. adenosine triphosphate
d. carbohydrates

A

amino acids

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13
Q

what is the term for clogging and hardening of the arteries

a. osteoporosis
b. arteriosclerosis
c. hypoglycemia
d. arteriogylcemia

A

arteriosclerosis

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14
Q

what food contains the greatest abundance of bioflavonoids

a. leafy greens
b. citrus fruits
c. dairy products
d. whole grains

A

citrus fruits

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15
Q

what are measures of heat units, used to measure food energy for the body

a. grams
b. calories
c. pints
d. ounces

A

calories

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16
Q

what are compounds that break down sugars and supply body energy

a. proteins
b. calories
c. carbohydrates
d. enzymes

A

carbohydrates

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17
Q

what term refers to sugars made up of two simple sugars, such as lactose and sucrose

a. bisaccharides
b. polysaccharides
c. monosaccharides
d. disaccharides

A

disaccharides

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18
Q

what are catalysts that break down complex food molecules

a. carbohydrates
b. calories
c. enzymes
d. proteins

A

enzymes

19
Q

what type of vitamin is riboflavin

a. vitamin A
b. vitamin B
c. vitamin C
d. vitamin D

A

vitamin B

20
Q

what mineral serves the function of forming and maintianing teeth and bones

a. calcium
b. iodine
c. iron
d. copper

A

calcium

21
Q

what mineral is requried for energy use, water balance, and molecular movement

a. magnesium
b. calcium
c. sodium
d. potassium

A

potassium

22
Q

what mineral is required for energy release and protein synthesis

a. iron
b. calcium
c. magnesium
d. potassium

A

magnesium

23
Q

what mineral moves carbon dioxide, regulates water levels, and transports materials through cell membranes

a. potassium
b. sodium
c. iron
d. calcium

A

sodium

24
Q

what is NOT an important reason for estheticians to develop and use good health habits

a. setting an example for clients
b. having more energy for work
c. seeking superficial approval
d. trying to achieve personal balance

A

seeking superficial approval

25
Q

how often should you exercise for about 30 minutes in order to maintain good health habits

a. twice a day
b. twice a week
c. three times a week
d. five times a week

A

three times a week

26
Q

what is true of water

a. you should only drink water after you exercise
b. it can be refreshing but is not necessary for the body’s health
c. it is the one essential nutrient no person can live without
d. you should only drink water when it is hot outside

A

it is the one essential nutrient no person can live without

27
Q

what are fats

a. chains of amino acid molecules
b. macronutrients used to produce energy in the body
c. inorganic materials required for many reactions fo the cells
d. organic acids that form protein

A

macronutrients used to produce energy in the body

28
Q

what has been added to a food product if it is labeled as fortified

a. flavor enhancer
b. preservatives
c. one or more vitamins
d. sodium

A

one or more vitamins

29
Q

what is glycosaminoglycan

a. water-binding substance between the fibers of the dermis
b. substance that provides energy to the cells
c. waxy substance in your body needed to produce hormones
d. sugar made up of two simple sugars, such as lactose and sucrose

A

water-binding substance between the fibers of the dermis

30
Q

what is hypoglycemia

a. allergy to sugar
b. inability to taste sugar
c. condition in which blood sugar rises too high
d. condition in which blood sugar drops too low

A

condition in which blood sugar drops too low

31
Q

what is the common name for linoleic acid, which is used to make important hormones

a. omega-3
b. omega-6
c. omega-9
d. omega-12

A

omega-6

32
Q

what is true of macronutrients

a. they are harmful to body systems and must be avoided
b. they make up the largest part of the nutrition we take in
c. they make up the smallest part of the nutrition we take in
d. they offer nutrition without calories

A

they make up the largest part of the nutrition we take in

33
Q

what is true of micronutrients

a. they make up the largest part of the nutrition we take in
b. they are high in fat and calories
c. micronutrients have no calories or nutritional value
d. they are harmful to body systems and must be avoided

A

micronutrients have no calories or nutritional value

34
Q

what term refers to inorganic materials that are required for many reactions of the cells and the body

a. calories
b. enzymes
c. carbohydrates
d. minerals

A

minerals

35
Q

what term refers to carbohydrates made up of one basic sugar unit

a. unisaccharides
b. disaccharides
c. polysaccharides
d. monosaccharides

A

monosaccharides

36
Q

what is a common name for vitamin D

a. sunshine vitamin
b. riboflavin
c. ascorbic acid
d. skin vitamin

A

sunshine vitamin

37
Q

what is the scientific name for vitamin E

a. tocopherol
b. ascorbic acid
c. retinol
d. linoleic acid

A

tocopherol

38
Q

what body function is aided by vitamin K

a. healthy bone formation
b. blood coagulation
c. respiration of body organs
d. red blood cell formation

A

blood coagulation

39
Q

what is a function of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)

a. overseeing finanical transactions
b. approving drugs for public use
c. studying diseases
d. regulating nutrition-related affairs

A

regulating nutrition-related affairs

40
Q

what is the governmental agency that issues the recommended nutritional guideline MyPlate

a. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
b. Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
c. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
d. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

A

United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)

41
Q

what is recommended dietary allowances (RDAs)

a. government-issued measurements for amounts of foods we should eat
b. industry-issued suggestions for amounts of food we should eat
c. government-mandated requirements for amounts of food we should eat
d. consumer-group recommendations for amounts of food we should eat

A

government-issued measurements for amounts of foods we should eat

42
Q

what type of vitamin is niacin

a. vitamin A
b. vitamin B
c. vitamin C
d. vitamin D

A

vitamin B

43
Q

what mineral contributes to body tissue formation and gives strength to keratin

a. sulphur
b. zinc
c. selenim
d. fluoride

A

sulphur

44
Q

what mineral is commonly used in toothpaste because it contributes to bone and teeth formation

a. manganese
b. fluoride
c. zinc
d. phosphorus

A

fluoride

milady esthetics (46 decks)

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