ch 13 - skin care products : chemistry, ingredients, and selection

Question 1

what are botanicals made from

a. plants and herbs
b. chemicals
c. animal fats
d. recycled plastics

Answer 1

plants and herbs

Question 2

what is NOT among the components of lipids

a. phospholipids
b. ceramides
c. botanicals
d. sterols

Answer 2

botanicals

Question 3

what is NOT something from which healing agents are made

a. recycled plastics
b. licorice
c. aloe
d. camomile

Answer 3

recycled plastics

Question 4

what is a possible advantage of synthetic ingredients over natural ingredients

a. fewer allergic reactions
b. shorter shelf life
c. less environmental impact
d. decreased chemical content

Answer 4

fewer allergic reactions

Question 5

when is a manufacturer responsible for a client’s allergic reaction to a product

a. when the product is purchased in bulk and repackaged by the salon
b. when the product is used as an ingredient in a salon mixture
c. when the product is taken directly from the manufacturer’s packaging
d. when the client ignores warnings on the product’s label

Answer 5

when the product is taken directly from the manufacturer’s packaging

Question 6

when is the salon responsible for a client’s allergic reaction to a product

a. when the client buys the product directly from the manufacturer
b. when the product is purchased in bulk and repackaged by the salon
c. when the client ignores warnings on the product’s label
d. when the product is taken directly from the manufacturer’s packaging

Answer 6

when the product is purchased in bulk and repackaged by the salon

Question 7

what is true of organic labeling standards for cosmetics in the United States

a. the labeling standards are numerous and strict
b. these labeling standards are few and lenient
c. there are no such standards in the United States
d. standards from other countries are enforced in the United States

Answer 7

there are no such standards in the United States

Question 8

what is NOT an area requiring approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

a. cosmetics manufacturing
b. cosmetic safety
c. cosmetics labeling
d. cosmetics claims

Answer 8

cosmetics manufacturing

Question 9

what term refers to skin-freshening lotions with a low alcohol content

a. moisturizers
b. antibiotics
c. fresheners
d. conditioners

Answer 9

fresheners

Question 10

what is NOT among the purposes of functional ingredients in cosmetic products

a. allowing products to spread
b. giving products body and texture
c. making products affordable
d. giving products specific form

Answer 10

making products affordable

Question 11

what is NOT true of glycerin

a. it is formed by a decomposition of oils or fats
b. it is a very weak water binder
c. it is an excellent skin softener
d. it is an excellent humectant

Answer 11

it is a very weak water binder

Question 12

what term refers to an exfoliating cream that is rubbed off the skin

a. humectant
b. emulsifier
c. gommage
d. paraben

Answer 12

gommage

Question 13

what is grapeseed extract

a. powerful antioxidant with soothing properties
b. powerful antioxidant with stimulating properties
c. powerful exfoliant with soothing properties
d. powerful exfoliant with stimulating properties

Answer 13

powerful antioxidant with soothing properties

Question 14

what are hydrators

a. machines used to apply water to the skin’s surface
b. machines used to extract water from the skin’s surface
c. ingredients that attract water to the skin’s surface
d. ingredients that repel water from the skin’s surface

Answer 14

ingredients that attract water to the skin’s surface

Question 15

what are alpha hydroxy acids

a. products that exfoliate by loosening bonds between dead cells
b. products that exfoliate by tightening bonds between living cells
c. the active ingredients in most acne-treatment medications
d. the active ingredients in most dandruff-control shampoos

Answer 15

products that exfoliate by loosening bonds between dead cells

Question 16

what type of product does NOT sometimes include alcohol

a. perfume
b. lotion
c. astringent
d. paraffin mask

Answer 16

paraffin mask

Question 17

what is NOT true of aloe vera

a. it is the most popular botanical used in cosmetic formulations
b. it is the least popular botanical used in cosmetic formulations
c. it is an emollient and film-forming gum resin
d. it has hydrating and softening qualities, among others

Answer 17

it is the least popular botanical used in cosmetic formulations

Question 18

where in the body is alpha liponic acid found

a. every cell
b. nerve cells
c. blood cells
d. striated muscle cells

Answer 18

every cell

Question 19

what is an ampoule

a. small, sealed vial
b. needle used for injections
c. popular botanical cream
d. family of chemical products

Answer 19

small, sealed vial

Question 20

what is aromatherapy

a. practice of focusing massage on the nose and nostrils
b. therapeutic use of plant aromas and essential oils
c. therapeutic use of scented candles in the treatment room
d. practice of focusing acupuncture on the nose and nostrils

Answer 20

therapeutic use of plant aromas and essential oils

Question 21

what are astringents

a. cotton pads used to dab excess sebum from the surface of the skin
b. cotton pads used to dab excess lymph from the surface of the skin
c. oil-laden liquids used to increase the oiliness of the skin
d. liquids that help remove excess oil on the skin

Answer 21

liquids that help remove excess oil on the skin

Question 22

what is NOT true of benzoyl peroxide

a. it is commonly used for blemishes
b. it is commonly used for acne
c. it is a drying agent
d. it is a type of alpha hydroxy acid

Answer 22

it is a type of alpha hydroxy acid

Question 23

what is glycerin

a. astringent
b. binder
c. exfoliant
d. antibiotic

Answer 23

binder

Question 24

what are ingredients derived from plants called

a. chemicals
b. pharmaceuticals
c. pentacostals
d. botanicals

Answer 24

botanicals

Question 25

what are ceramides a. astringents that have moisturizing and antibacterial properties b. family of lipid materials that are part of the intercellular matrix c. bacteria that causes itching in the surface of the skin d. clusters of dead skin cells that clog follicles and cause comedones

Answer 25

family of lipid materials that are part of the intercellular matrix

Question 26

what plant extract has calming and soothing properties a. blackcurrant b. chamomile c. ginseng d. honeybush

Answer 26

chamomile

Question 27

what is jojoba a. oil extracted from the acorns that grown on oak trees b. oil extracted from the bean-like seeds of a desert shrub c. exfoliating agent made from the gritty sand of tropical beaches d. moisturizing agent made from Pacific Ocean seaweed

Answer 27

oil extracted from the bean-like seeds of a desert shrub

Question 28

what is another term for exfoliation a. sloughing b. binding c. excoriation d. emulsification

Answer 28

sloughing

Question 29

what are lakes a. insoluble pigments b. botanical moisturizers c. botanical emulsifiers d. insoluble antioxidants

Answer 29

insoluble pigments

Question 30

what is an emollient with moisturizing properties and also an emulsifier with high water absorption capabilities a. chamomile b. jojoba c. papaya d. lanolin

Answer 30

lanolin

Question 31

what products coat the skin and reduce friction a. lubricants b. antioxidants c. emulsifiers d. acids

Answer 31

lubricants

Question 32

what is NOT true of polymers a. they are chemical compounds b. they are botanicals c. they are formed by small molecules d. they release substances at a microscopically controlled rate

Answer 32

they are botanicals

Question 33

what is potassium hydroxide a. strong alkali used in soaps and creams b. weak alkali used in soaps and creams c. strong acid used in soaps and creams d. weak acid used in soaps and creams

Answer 33

strong alkali used in soaps and creams

Question 34

what function do preservatives perform a. give products the desired color, shape, and form b. give products the desired efficacy and strength c. activate products once they are applied to the skin d. inhibit the growth of microorganisms

Answer 34

inhibit the growth of microorganisms

Question 35

what is the vitamin of which retinol is the natural form a. vitamin A b. vitamin B c. vitamin C d. vitamin D

Answer 35

vitamin A

Question 36

what is NOT a natural source of salicylic acid a. jojoba b. sweet birch c. willow bark d. wintergreen

Answer 36

jojoba

Question 37

what does the term "comedogenicity" refer to a. tendency of some ethnicities to have more comedones than others b. scientific study of the genetics of comedones c. tendency of any substance to trigger the rise of blackheads d. tendency of any substance to inhibit the rise of blackheads

Answer 37

tendency of any substance to trigger the rise of blackheads

Question 38

what is NOT true of tissue respiratory factor (TRF) a. it is an anti-inflammatory ingredient b. it is a natural antibiotic c. it is a moisturizing ingredient d. it is derived from yeast cells

Answer 38

it is a natural antibiotic

Question 39

what vitamin has NOT been used in skin care products as an antioxidant a. vitamin A b. vitamin B c. vitamin C d. vitamin E

Answer 39

vitamin B

Question 40

what are liposomes a. open-lipid bilayer spheres b. open-lipid unilayer spores c. closed-lipid bilayer spheres d. closed-lipid unilayer spores

Answer 40

closed-lipid bilayer spheres

Question 41

what is mechanical exfoliation a. physical method of rubbing dead cells off the skin b. use of machines to push product deeper into the skin c. physical method of drawing pus from a whitehead d. use of machines to draw pus from a whitehead

Answer 41

physical method of rubbing dead cells off the skin

Question 42

what is mineral oil a. lubricant derived from petroleum b. antioxidant derived from petroleum c. lubricant derived from sebum d. antioxidant derived from sebum

Answer 42

lubricant derived from petroleum

Question 43

what are mucopolysaccharides a. irritated mucous membranes b. healthy mucous membranes c. carbohydrate-lipid complexes d. carbohydrate-lymph complexes

Answer 43

carbohydrate-lipid complexes

Question 44

what is the strongest of our five senses a. taste b. touch c. smell d. sight

Answer 44

smell

Question 45

what is papaya used for a. exfoliation b. moisturizing c. hydration d. pigmentation

Answer 45

exfoliation

Question 46

what is NOT an industry that commonly uses parabens a. cometic b. pharmaceutical c. food d. aeronautic

Answer 46

aeronautic

Question 47

what are peptides a. chains of red blood cells b. chains of white blood cells c. chains of fibroblasts d. chains of amino acids

Answer 47

chains of amino acids

Question 48

what are performance ingredients a. ingredients included to elongate the shelf life of products b. ingredients used to give products distinct shape and texture c. ingredients that cause actual changes in the appearance of the skin d. ingredients that stimulate blood circulation and increased energy

Answer 48

ingredients that cause actual changes in the appearance of the skin

Question 49

what is NOT true of petroleum jelly a. it is commonly used after laser surgery b. it holds water in the skin c. it is an occlusive agent d. it dehydrates the skin

Answer 49

it dehydrates the skin

Question 50

what term refers to the use of plant extracts for therapeutic benefits a. arboratherapy b. green therapy c. ecotherapy d. phytotherapy

Answer 50

phytotherapy

Question 51

what is a chelating agent a. chemical added to improve the thickness of a product b. chemical added to improve the efficacy of the preservative c. chemical added to soften the aroma of a product d. chemical added to increase the grit of a product

Answer 51

chemical added to improve the efficacy of the preservative

Question 52

what do clay masks do as they dry and tighten a. seal follicles b. rupture comedones c. extract facial hairs d. draw impurities to the surface

Answer 52

draw impurities to the surface

Question 53

what is coenzyme Q10 a. antioxidant b. exfoliant c. preservative d. emulsifier

Answer 53

antioxidant

Question 54

what is the term for substances such as mineral dyes that give products color a. color additives b. color ingredients c. colorants d. chromophores

Answer 54

colorants

Question 55

what term refers to products intended to improve the skin's health and appearance a. cosmetics b. cosmeceuticals c. epidermals d. estheticals

Answer 55

cosmeceuticals

Question 56

what are detergents a type of a. surfactant b. emollient c. antioxidant d. exfoliant

Answer 56

surfactant

Question 57

what do emulsifiers cause to mix in order to form an emulsion a. oil and lymph b. oil and water c. lymph and water d. lymph and sebum

Answer 57

oil and water

Question 58

what is exfoliation a. careful removal of a clay or paraffin mask b. thorough cleansing of the skin with soap and hot water c. peeling or sloughing of the outer layer of the skin d. use of chemicals to reduce the size of the inner layers of the skin

Answer 58

peeling or sloughing of the outer layer of the skin

Question 59

what are fatty acids a. excessive sebum discharges common in overweight clients b. excessive lymph discharges common in overweight clients c. antioxidant ingredients derived solely from animal fats d. lubricant ingredients derived from plant oils or animal fats

Answer 59

lubricant ingredients derived from plant oils or animal fats

Question 60

what function do fragrances perform a. giving products their color b. giving products their scent c. giving products their taste d. giving products their texture

Answer 60

giving products their scent