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milady esthetics > ch 5 - vocabulary / terms > Flashcards

ch 5 - vocabulary / terms Flashcards

1
Q

acquired immune deficiency syndrome

A
  • abbreviated AIDS
  • a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system
  • AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
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2
Q

acquired immunity

A

immunity that the body develops after overcoming a disease, through inoculation (such as flu vaccinations), or through exposure to natural allergens such as pollen, cat dander, and ragweed

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3
Q

allergy

A

reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances

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4
Q

antiseptics

A
  • chemical germicides formulated for use on skin
  • registered and regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
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5
Q

aseptic procedures

A

a process of properly handling sterilized and disinfected equipment and supplies to reduce contamination

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6
Q

asymptomatic

A

showing no symptoms or signs of infection

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7
Q

autoclave

A

a device for sterilization by steam under pressure

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8
Q

bacilli

A
  • short rod-shaped bacteria
  • they are the most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus (lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria
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9
Q

bacteria
(singular : bacterium)

A
  • one-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics
  • some are harmful
  • some are harmless
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10
Q

bactericidal

A

capable of destroying bacteria

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11
Q

binary fission

A

the division of bacteria cells into two new cells called daughter cells

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12
Q

bioburden

A

the number of viable organisms in or on an object or surface or the organic material on a surface or object decontamination or sterilization

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13
Q

bloodborne pathogens

A

disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV

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14
Q

body substance isolation

A
  • abbreviated BSI
  • a system of precautions developed by a Seattle hospital in 1987 to prevent contact with bodily substances and fluids by using protective apparel to prevent the spread of communicable disease
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15
Q

chelating soaps

A
  • aka. chelating detergents
  • detergents that break down stubborn films and remove the residue of products such as scrubs, salts, and masks
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16
Q

clean

A
  • aka. cleaning
  • a mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease-causing germs
  • cleaning also removes invisible debris that interferes with disinfection
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17
Q

cocci

A
  • round-shaped bacteria that appear singly (alone) or in groups
  • the three type of cocci are staphylococci, streptococci, and diplococci
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18
Q

contagious disease

A
  • aka. communicable disease
  • a disease that is spread from one person to another person
  • some of the more contagious diseases are the common cold, ringworm, conjunctivitis (pinkeye), viral infections, and natural nail or toe and foot infections
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19
Q

contamination

A
  • the presence, or the reasonably anticipated presence, or blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface or visible debris or residues such as dust, hair, and skin
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20
Q

cross-contamination

A

contamination that occurs when you touch one object and then transfer the contents of that object to another, such as touching skin, then touching a product without washing your hands

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21
Q

decontamination

A

the removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface and the removal of viable debris or residue such as dust, hair, and skin

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22
Q

dermatophytes

A

a type of fungi that causes skin, hair, and nail infections

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23
Q

diagnosis

A
  • determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or diagnostic tests
  • federal regulations prohibit salon professionals from performing a diagnosis
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24
Q

diplococci

A

spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia

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25
Q

direct transmission

A

transmission of blood or body fluids through touching (including shaking hands), kissing, coughing, sneezing, and talking

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26
Q

disease

A

an abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or it’s systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of carrying on normal function

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27
Q

disinfectants

A

chemical products that destroy all bacterial, fungi, and viruses (but not spores) on surfaces

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28
Q

disinfection

A
  • aka. disinfecting
  • the process that eliminates most, but not necessarily all, microorganisms on nonporous surfaces
  • this process is not effective against bacterial spores
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29
Q

efficacy

A

the ability to produce an effect

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30
Q

exposure incident

A

contact with nonintact (broken) skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious materials that is the result of the performance of an employee’s duties

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31
Q

flagella

A
  • aka. cilia
  • slender, hair-like extensions used by bacilli and spirilla for locomotion (moving about)
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32
Q

folliculitis

A
  • aka. folliculitis barbae, sycosis barbae, or barber’s itch
  • inflammation of the hair follicles caused by a bacterial infection from ingrown hairs
  • the cause is typically from ingrown hairs due to shaving or other epilation methods
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33
Q

fungi
(singular : fungus)

A
  • microscopic plant parasites, which include molds, mildews, and yeast
  • can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm
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34
Q

fungicidal

A

capable of destroying fungi

35
Q

hepatitis

A

a bloodborne virus that causes disease and can damage the liver

36
Q

hospital disinfectants

A

disinfectants that are effective for cleaning blood and body fluids

37
Q

human immunodeficiency virus

A
  • abbreviated HIV
  • a pathogen that is most of them the precursor to acquire immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
  • by impairing or killing the immune system affect with it, HIV progressively destroys the body’s ability to fight infections or certain cancers
38
Q

human papillomavirus

A
  • abbreviated HPV
  • aka. plantar warts
  • a virus that can infect the bottom of the foot and resembles small black dots, usually in clustered groups
39
Q

immunity

A
  • the ability of the body to destroy and resist infection
  • immunity against disease can be either natural or acquired and is a sign of good health
40
Q

indirect transmission

A

transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object such as a razor, extractor, nipper, or an environmental surface

41
Q

infection

A

the invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens

42
Q

infection control

A

the methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms

43
Q

infectious

A

caused by it capable of being transmitted by infection

44
Q

infectious disease

A
  • disease caused by pathogenic (harmful) microorganisms that enter the body
  • an infectious disease may or may not be spread from one person to another person
45
Q

inflammation

A
  • condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection
  • characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling
46
Q

local infection

A

an infection, such as a pimple or abscess, that is confined to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus

47
Q

Material Safety Data Sheet

A
  • abbreviated MSDS
  • information complied by the manufacturer about product safety, including the names of hazardous ingredients, safe handling and use procedures, precautions to reduce the risk or accidental harm or overexposure, and flammability warnings
48
Q

methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

A
  • abbreviated MRSA
  • a type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatments such as antibiotics
49
Q

microorganisms

A

any organism is microscopic or submicroscopic size

50
Q

mildew

A

a type of fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects, but does not cause human infections in the salon

51
Q

motility

A

self-movement

52
Q

multiuse

A
  • aka. reusable
  • items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person, even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluid
53
Q

mycobacterium fortuitum

A

a microscopic germ that normally exists in tap water in small numbers

54
Q

natural immunity

A

immunity that is partly inherited and partly developed through healthy living

55
Q

nonpathogenic

A

harmless microorganisms that may perform useful functions and are safe to come in contact with since they do not cause disease or harm

56
Q

nonporous

A

an item that is made or constructed of a material that has no pores or openings and cannot absorb liquids

57
Q

occupational disease

A

illness resulting from conditions associated with employment, such as prolonged and repeated overexposure to certain products or ingredients

58
Q

parasites

A
  • organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism (referred to as the host), while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism
  • parasites must have host to survive
59
Q

parasitic disease

A

disease caused by parasites, such as lice and mites

60
Q

pathogenic

A

harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade the body

61
Q

pathogenic disease

A

disease produced by organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites

62
Q

personal protective equipment

A
  • abbreviated PPE
  • protective clothing and devices designed to protect an individual from contact with bloodborne pathogens
  • gloves, fluid-resistant lab coat, apron or gown, googles or eye shield, and face masks that cover the nose and mouth
63
Q

phenolic disinfectants

A
  • powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants
  • they are a form of formaldehyde, have a very high pH, and can damage the skin and eyes
64
Q

porous

A
  • made or constructed of a material that has pores or openings
  • porous items are absorbent
65
Q

pus

A

a fluid created by infection

66
Q

quaternary ammonium componds

A
  • aka. quats
  • disinfectants that are very effective when used properly in the salon
67
Q

sanitizing

A

a chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level

68
Q

scabies

A

a contagious skin disease that is caused by the itch mite, which burrows under the skin

69
Q

single-use

A
  • aka. disposable
  • items that cannot be used more than once
  • these items cannot be properly cleaned so that all visible residue is removed, or they are damaged or contaminated by cleaning and disinfecting in exposure incident
70
Q

sodium hypochlorite

A
  • common household bleach
  • an effective disinfectant for the salon
71
Q

spirilla

A
  • spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria that cause diseases such as syphilis and Lyme disease
72
Q

Standard Precautions

A
  • abbreviated SP
  • precautions such as wearing PPE to prevent skin and mucous membrane where contact with a client’s blood, body fluids, secretions (except sweat), nonintact skin, and mucous membranes is likely
  • workers must assume that all blood and body fluids are potential sources of infection, regardless of the perceived risk
73
Q

staphylococci

A
  • pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like a bunch of grapes
  • they cause abscesses, pustules, and boils
74
Q

sterilization

A

the process that complete destroys all microbial life, including spores

75
Q

streptococci

A
  • pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads
  • they cause infections such as strep throat and blood poisoning
76
Q

systemic disease

A
  • disease that affects the body as a whole, often due to under-functioning or over-functioning of internal glands or organs
  • this disease is carried through the blood stream or lymphatic system
77
Q

tinea pedis

A

a ringworm fungus of the foot or athlete’s foot

78
Q

tinea versicolor

A
  • aka. sun spots
  • a noncontagious fungal infection which is characterized by white or varicolored patches on the skin and is often found on arms and legs
79
Q

toxins

A

various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms (bacteria and viruses)

80
Q

tuberculocidal disinfectants

A

disinfectants that kill the bacteria that caused tuberculosis

81
Q

tuberculosis

A

a disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing and sneezing

82
Q

Universal Precautions

A
  • abbreviated UP
  • a set of guidelines published by OSHA that require the employer and the employee to assume that all human blood and body fluids are infectious for bloodborne pathogens
83
Q

virucidal

A

capable of destroying viruses

84
Q

virus
(plural : viruses)

A
  • a parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of biological organisms
  • a virus is capable of replication only through taking over the host cell’s reproductive function

milady esthetics (46 decks)

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