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HLTH 125 > CH 7.1: Hematic (Blood) System > Flashcards

CH 7.1: Hematic (Blood) System Flashcards

1
Q

Define Anemia

A

Decreased number of red blood cells (hemoglobin) (RBCs)

-emia = a blood condition
an- = without

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2
Q

Define Antecubital

A

in front of the elbow (opposite elbow bone)

-al = pertaining to
ante- = in front of, before
-cubit- = elbow

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3
Q

Define Colloid

A

Liquid containing suspended particles. Blood is a colloid.

-oid = resembling
coll- = glue

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4
Q

Define Hematocrit (Hct)

A

Identifies percentage of red blood cells in the blood.

-crit = to separate
hemat/o = blood

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5
Q

Define Hematology

A

Medical specialty of the study of blood and its disorders

-logy = study of, specialty
hemat/o = blood

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6
Q

Define Hematologist

A

Specialist in hematology

-logist = one who studies, specialist

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7
Q

Define Plasma

A

The fluid (clear-to-yellow liquid) that is the noncellular component of blood

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8
Q

Define Spleen

A

Acts as a reservoir (stores) for red blood cells (RBCs) and platelets.

Vascular, lymphatic organ in left upper quadrant of abdomen.

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9
Q

Define Splenomegaly

A

Abnormal enlargement of the spleen

-megaly = enlargement
splen/o = spleen

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10
Q

Define Agglutination

A

Process of cells or particles forming clumps. (glue together to clump)

Can occur when patient is given wrong blood type.

-ation = action, process
ag- = to (same as ad-)
-glutin- = glue

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11
Q

Define Erythrocyte

A

Red Blood Cell (RBC)

-cyte = cell
Erythr/o- = red

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12
Q

Define Erythema

A

Redness of skin due to increased blood flow in the area

redness of the skin in Greek

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13
Q

Define Erythrocytosis

A

Condition of having too many Erythrocytes (RBCs - red blood cells)

-cytosis = a condition of too many cells
erythr/o- = red

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14
Q

Define Hemoglobin (Hgb)

A

Red-pigmented protein that is main component of red blood cells

Gives RBCs their red color.

-globin = protein
hem/o- = blood

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15
Q

What does an Hgb Test do?

A

Reveals the amount of hemoglobin in the blood

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16
Q

Define Hypoxia

A

Condition of deficient levels of oxygen in the body.

-ia = condition
hypo- = below, deficient
-ox- = oxygen

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17
Q

Define Hypoxic

A

Pertaining to being deficient in oxygen in the body

-ic = pertaining to
hypo- = below, deficient
-ox- = oxygen

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18
Q

Define Lethargy

A

Deep and lasting drowsiness where one can be aroused only with difficulty and temporarily

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19
Q

Define Malaise

A

General feeling of discomfort, illness, or lack of well-being

Latin/French:
Mal- = bad (latin)
-aise = ease (french)

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20
Q

Define Occult Blood

A

Blood that can’t be seen or detected in a substance (ex. poop/stool) without the aid of lab testing.

occult = to hide in latin

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21
Q

Define Pallor

A

Paleness of the skin

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22
Q

Define suffix -emia

A

Blood condition

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23
Q

Define Sickle Cell Anemia

A

genetic disorder characterized by production of abnormal hemoglobin causing RBCs to change shape.

commonly found in African Americans, Africans, and some Mediterranean populations.

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24
Q

Define Agranulocyte

A

A white blood cell without any granules in its cytoplasm.

-cyte = cell
a- = without, not
-granul/o- = little grain, granule

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25
Q

Define prefixes a- and an-

A

without

26
Q

Define suffix -phil

A

attraction

27
Q

Define WBC Differential

A

A test that lists the percentage of the different types of Leukocytes present.

28
Q

Define Granulocyte

A

A white blood cell that contains multiple small granules in its cytoplasm

-cyte = cell
granul/o- = little grain, granule

29
Q

Define Leukocytosis

A

An excessive number of white blood cells

-cytosis = condition of too many cells
leuk/o- = white

30
Q

Define Lymphocyte

A

White blood cell with a large nucleus;

like the “BIG GUNS” or “DAVID GOGGINS” of the WBCs. Unlike the neutrophils, their numbers are steady unless the infection is persistent. ;)

-cyte = cell
lymph/o- = lymph

31
Q

Define Hemolysis

A

-lysis = destruction
hem/o- = blood

Destruction of red blood cells so hemoglobin is liberated

32
Q

Define Neutrophil

A

Type of Leukocyte (WBC) responsible for much of body’s protection against infection.

Commonly referred to the marines of the WBCs - first responders to infection and injury and can increase in number quickly in response to an infection.

-phil = attraction
neutr/o- = neutral

33
Q

Define Neutropenia

A

A deficiency in Neutrophils (marines of the WBC)

-penia = deficiency, condition of too few
neutr/o = neutral

34
Q

Define Neutrophilia

A

An increase in neutrophils

-philia = condition of attraction

35
Q

Define Polymorphonuclear

A

White blood cell with a multi-lobed nucleus

literally nucleus with many shapes

-ar = pertaining to
poly- = many
morph/o- = shape
nucle/o- = nucleus

36
Q

Define Coagulation

A

Process of blood clotting to maintain hemostasis

-ation = action, process
coagul/o = clot, clump

37
Q

Define Anticoagulation

A

Substance that prevents clotting

-ation = action, process
anti- = against
coagul/o- = clot, clump

38
Q

Define Hematoma

A

Bruise or contusion

collection of blood that has escaped from vessels into surrounding tissues (but remains fairly flat)

commonly called a “goose egg” indicates collection of blood that has caused an elevated skin level

-oma = mass, tumor
hemat- = blood

39
Q

Define Hemophilia

A

An inherited disease from a deficiency of clotting factor VIII which causes an inability to clot blood properly leading to excessive bleeding.

-philia = condition of attraction
hem/o- = blood

40
Q

Define Hemostasis

A

Control of, or stopping, bleeding

-stasis = control, stop
hem/o- = blood

note: home/o- = same (different meaning!)

41
Q

Define Homeostasis

A

maintaining equilibrium of a system / body’s internal environment (stability of)

-stasis = control, stop
home/o- = same

42
Q

Define Leukemia

A

A cancer of the blood forming tissue

-emia = a blood condition
leuk/o = white

43
Q

Define Leukopenia

A

A deficient number of white blood cells

-penia = deficiency, condition of two few
leuk/o- = white

44
Q

Define Macrophage

A

A large white blood cell that removes bacteria, foreign particles, and dead cells

macro- = large
-phage = to eat, engulf

45
Q

Define Pancytopenia

A

Deficiency of all types of blood

-penia = deficiency
pan- = all
-cyt/o- = cell

46
Q

Define Phagocyte

A

A type of cell capable of engulfing and absorbing pathogens, foreign particles, or dying cells.

Monocytes are one type of phagocyte

-cyte = cell
phag/o- = engulf, swallow

47
Q

Define Phagocytosis

A

The process of ingestion and destruction of pathogens, foreign particles, or dying cells by phagocytes.

-cytosis = a condition of cells
phag/o- = engulf, swallow

48
Q

Define Thrombocyte

A

another name for a platelet; plays a key role in hemostasis

-cyte = cell
thromb/o- = blood clot

49
Q

Define Thrombocytopenia

A

Deficiency of platelets in circulating blood

-penia = deficiency, condition of too few
thromb/o- = blood clot
-cyt/o- = cell

50
Q

Define Embolus

A

A piece of a clot (thrombus) that has broken off into the circulation from its original location and traveled to another location

-us = structure, thing
embol/o- = clot
thromb/o- = clot

51
Q

Define Thrombus

A

A clot attached to a blood vessel wall or heart wall

-us = structure, thing
Thromb/o = clot

52
Q

Define Infusion

A

Introduction intravenously of a substance other than blood

53
Q

Define Petechia

A

Bleeding into the skin from capillary beds; pinpoint sized hemorrhagic spot in the skin

can be a sign of a serious bleeding disorder

plural: Petechiae

54
Q

Define Purpura

A

Bleeding into the skin from arterioles;

skin hemorrhages are red initially, then turn purple.

larger than the pin-point hemorrhages called petechiae

Purple in Greek

55
Q

Define Transfusion

A

Transfer of blood or a blood component from donor to recipient

trans- = across
-fusion = to pour

56
Q

Define Pathogen

A

A disease-causing microorganism

-gen = produce, create, form
path/o- = disease

57
Q

Define Coagulopathy

A

Disorder of blood clotting

-pathy = disease
coagul/o- = clotting, clumping

plural: coagulopathies

58
Q

Define Macrocyte

A

Abnormally large red blood cell; usually noted in anemias

-macro = large
-cyte = cell

59
Q

Define Macrocytic

A

Pertaining to a large red blood cell

-ic = pertaining to
-cyt- = cell
macro- = large

60
Q

Define Microcyte

A

Abnormally small red blood cell, usually noted in certain anemias

micro- = small
-cyte = cell

61
Q

Define Microcytic

A

Pertaining to a small red blood cell

-ic = pertaining to
micro- = small
-cyte = cell

62
Q

Define prefix trans-

A

across or through

HLTH 125 (15 decks)

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