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HLTH 125 > CH 7.1: Hematic (Blood) System > Flashcards

CH 7.1: Hematic (Blood) System Flashcards

1
Q

Define Anemia

A

Decreased number of red blood cells (hemoglobin) (RBCs)

-emia = a blood condition
an- = without

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2
Q

Define Antecubital

A

in front of the elbow (opposite elbow bone)

-al = pertaining to
ante- = in front of, before
-cubit- = elbow

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3
Q

Define Colloid

A

Liquid containing suspended particles. Blood is a colloid.

-oid = resembling
coll- = glue

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4
Q

Define Hematocrit (Hct)

A

Identifies percentage of red blood cells in the blood.

-crit = to separate
hemat/o = blood

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5
Q

Define Hematology

A

Medical specialty of the study of blood and its disorders

-logy = study of, specialty
hemat/o = blood

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6
Q

Define Hematologist

A

Specialist in hematology

-logist = one who studies, specialist

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7
Q

Define Plasma

A

The fluid (clear-to-yellow liquid) that is the noncellular component of blood

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8
Q

Define Spleen

A

Acts as a reservoir (stores) for red blood cells (RBCs) and platelets.

Vascular, lymphatic organ in left upper quadrant of abdomen.

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9
Q

Define Splenomegaly

A

Abnormal enlargement of the spleen

-megaly = enlargement
splen/o = spleen

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10
Q

Define Agglutination

A

Process of cells or particles forming clumps. (glue together to clump)

Can occur when patient is given wrong blood type.

-ation = action, process
ag- = to (same as ad-)
-glutin- = glue

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11
Q

Define Erythrocyte

A

Red Blood Cell (RBC)

-cyte = cell
Erythr/o- = red

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12
Q

Define Erythema

A

Redness of skin due to increased blood flow in the area

redness of the skin in Greek

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13
Q

Define Erythrocytosis

A

Condition of having too many Erythrocytes (RBCs - red blood cells)

-cytosis = a condition of too many cells
erythr/o- = red

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14
Q

Define Hemoglobin (Hgb)

A

Red-pigmented protein that is main component of red blood cells

Gives RBCs their red color.

-globin = protein
hem/o- = blood

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15
Q

What does an Hgb Test do?

A

Reveals the amount of hemoglobin in the blood

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16
Q

Define Hypoxia

A

Condition of deficient levels of oxygen in the body.

-ia = condition
hypo- = below, deficient
-ox- = oxygen

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17
Q

Define Hypoxic

A

Pertaining to being deficient in oxygen in the body

-ic = pertaining to
hypo- = below, deficient
-ox- = oxygen

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18
Q

Define Lethargy

A

Deep and lasting drowsiness where one can be aroused only with difficulty and temporarily

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19
Q

Define Malaise

A

General feeling of discomfort, illness, or lack of well-being

Latin/French:
Mal- = bad (latin)
-aise = ease (french)

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20
Q

Define Occult Blood

A

Blood that can’t be seen or detected in a substance (ex. poop/stool) without the aid of lab testing.

occult = to hide in latin

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21
Q

Define Pallor

A

Paleness of the skin

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22
Q

Define suffix -emia

A

Blood condition

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23
Q

Define Sickle Cell Anemia

A

genetic disorder characterized by production of abnormal hemoglobin causing RBCs to change shape.

commonly found in African Americans, Africans, and some Mediterranean populations.

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24
Q

Define Agranulocyte

A

A white blood cell without any granules in its cytoplasm.

-cyte = cell
a- = without, not
-granul/o- = little grain, granule

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25
Define prefixes a- and an-
without
26
Define suffix -phil
attraction
27
Define WBC Differential
A test that lists the percentage of the different types of Leukocytes present.
28
Define Granulocyte
A white blood cell that **contains multiple small granules** in its cytoplasm -cyte = cell granul/o- = little grain, granule
29
Define Leukocytosis
An excessive number of white blood cells -cytosis = condition of too many cells leuk/o- = white
30
Define Lymphocyte
**White blood cell with a large nucleus;** like the "BIG GUNS" or "DAVID GOGGINS" of the WBCs. Unlike the neutrophils, their numbers are steady unless the infection is persistent. ;) -cyte = cell lymph/o- = lymph
31
Define Hemolysis
-lysis = destruction hem/o- = blood **Destruction of red blood cells** so hemoglobin is liberated
32
Define Neutrophil
**Type of Leukocyte (WBC) responsible for much of body's protection against infection.** Commonly referred to the marines of the WBCs - first responders to infection and injury and can increase in number quickly in response to an infection. -phil = attraction neutr/o- = neutral
33
Define Neutropenia
**A deficiency in Neutrophils** (marines of the WBC) -penia = deficiency, condition of too few neutr/o = neutral
34
Define Neutrophilia
An increase in neutrophils -philia = condition of attraction
35
Define Polymorphonuclear
**White blood cell with a multi-lobed nucleus** literally nucleus with many shapes -ar = pertaining to poly- = many morph/o- = shape nucle/o- = nucleus
36
Define Coagulation
Process of blood clotting to maintain hemostasis -ation = action, process coagul/o = clot, clump
37
Define Anticoagulation
Substance that prevents clotting -ation = action, process anti- = against coagul/o- = clot, clump
38
Define Hematoma
**Bruise or contusion** collection of blood that has escaped from vessels into surrounding tissues (but remains fairly flat) commonly called a "goose egg" indicates collection of blood that has caused an elevated skin level -oma = mass, tumor hemat- = blood
39
Define Hemophilia
An **inherited disease** from a deficiency of **clotting factor VIII which causes an inability to clot blood** properly leading to excessive bleeding. -philia = condition of attraction hem/o- = blood
40
Define Hemostasis
Control of, or stopping, bleeding -stasis = control, stop hem/o- = blood note: home/o- = same (different meaning!)
41
Define Homeostasis
**maintaining equilibrium** of a system / body's internal environment (stability of) -stasis = control, stop home/o- = same
42
Define Leukemia
A cancer of the blood forming tissue -emia = a blood condition leuk/o = white
43
Define Leukopenia
A deficient number of white blood cells -penia = deficiency, condition of two few leuk/o- = white
44
Define Macrophage
A large white blood cell that **removes bacteria, foreign particles, and dead cells** macro- = large -phage = to eat, engulf
45
Define Pancytopenia
Deficiency of all types of blood -penia = deficiency pan- = all -cyt/o- = cell
46
Define Phagocyte
A type of **cell capable of engulfing and absorbing pathogens, foreign particles, or dying cells.** Monocytes are one type of phagocyte -cyte = cell phag/o- = engulf, swallow
47
Define Phagocytosis
The process of ingestion and destruction of pathogens, foreign particles, or dying cells by phagocytes. -cytosis = a condition of cells phag/o- = engulf, swallow
48
Define Thrombocyte
another name for a platelet; plays a key role in hemostasis -cyte = cell thromb/o- = blood clot
49
Define Thrombocytopenia
Deficiency of platelets in circulating blood -penia = deficiency, condition of too few thromb/o- = blood clot -cyt/o- = cell
50
Define Embolus
A piece of a clot **(thrombus) that has broken off into the circulation** from its original location **and traveled** to another location -us = structure, thing embol/o- = clot thromb/o- = clot
51
Define Thrombus
A clot attached to a blood vessel wall or heart wall -us = structure, thing Thromb/o = clot
52
Define Infusion
Introduction intravenously of a substance other than blood
53
Define Petechia
**Bleeding into the skin from capillary beds;** pinpoint sized hemorrhagic spot in the skin can be a sign of a serious bleeding disorder **plural: Petechiae**
54
Define Purpura
**Bleeding into the skin from arterioles;** skin hemorrhages are red initially, then turn purple. larger than the pin-point hemorrhages called petechiae Purple in Greek
55
Define Transfusion
Transfer of blood or a blood component from donor to recipient trans- = across -fusion = to pour
56
Define Pathogen
A disease-causing **microorganism** -gen = produce, create, form path/o- = disease
57
Define Coagulopathy
Disorder of blood clotting -pathy = disease coagul/o- = clotting, clumping plural: coagulopathies
58
Define Macrocyte
**Abnormally large red blood cell;** usually noted in anemias -macro = large -cyte = cell
59
Define Macrocytic
Pertaining to a large red blood cell -ic = pertaining to -cyt- = cell macro- = large
60
Define Microcyte
Abnormally small red blood cell, usually noted in certain anemias micro- = small -cyte = cell
61
Define Microcytic
Pertaining to a small red blood cell -ic = pertaining to micro- = small -cyte = cell
62
Define prefix trans-
across or through

HLTH 125 (15 decks)

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