Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HLTH 125 > CH 6: Cardiovascular & Circulatory Systems > Flashcards

CH 6: Cardiovascular & Circulatory Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Define Apex

A

tip or point end

(directional term usually referring to top of, but in heart it means lower heart)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define Cardiac

A

Pertaining to the heart

cardi/o = heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define Cardiologist

A

Medical specialist in diagnosis and treatment of heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define Cardiology

A

Study of the heart

OR Medical Specialty of diseases of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

A

CPR

The attempt to restore cardiac (heart) and pulmonary (lung) function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define Cardiovascular

A

Pertaining to the heart and blood vessels

-ar = pertaining to
cardi/o- = heart
-vascul- = blood vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is (are) a Chamber(s)?

A

Enclosed space/section in a body

heart has 4x chambers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define Diaphoresis

A

Condition of sweating

(abnormally sweaty or excessive perspiration)

-esis = condition
diaphor- = sweat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define Diaphoretic

A

Pertaining to abnormal/excessive sweating/persperation

-etic = pertaining to
diaphor- = sweat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define Electrocardiogram

A

Record of electrical signals of heart

electr/o- = electricity
-gram = a record
-cardi/o- = heart

abbreviated as ‘ECG’ or ‘EKG’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define Electrocardiograph

A

Machine used for electrocardiograms

electr/o- = electricity
-cardi/o- = heart
-graph = to record / instrument that records

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define Electrocardiography

A

Process of recording electrical signals of the heart

electr/o- = electricity
-cardi/o- = heart
-graphy = process of recording

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define Mediastinum

A

Space within chest between lungs

(contains heart, aorta, venae cava, esophagus, and trachea)

-um = structure
media- = middle
-stin- = partition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define Phlebotomist

A

Person skilled in taking blood from veins

-ist = specialist in
phleb/o- = vein
-tom- = incise, cut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define Phlebotomy

A

Surgical incision of a vein to withdraw blood (through needle or catheter)

-tomy = surgical incision
-phleb/o- = vein
-tom- = incise, cut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define Thoracic Cavity

A

A space within the chest

(contains lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, aorta, venae cavae, and pulmonary vessels)

-ic = pertaining to
thorac- = chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define Aorta

A

Main trunk of the systemic arterial system

-ic = pertaining to
aort- = aorta

trunk = main part from which smaller parts branch off

delivers blood to the whole body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define Coronary Circulation

A

Blood flow through the vessels supplying the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Define Circulation

A

Continuous movement of blood through heart, arteries, and veins

-ion = action, condition
circulat- = circular route

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Define Circulatory

A

Pertaining to a circuit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Define Circulatory System

A

Refers to the heart, arteries, and veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Define Endocardium

A

Structure inside heart

-um = structure
endo- = inside
-cardi- = heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Define Epicardium

A

outer layer of heart wall

epi- = above, upon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Define Infarct

A

Area of cell death resulting from an infarction

in- = in
-farct- = area of dead tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Define Infarction

A

Condition of cell death due to a blockage of an artery

in- = in
-farct- = area of dead tissue
-ion = action, condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Define Ischemia

A

Lack of blood supply to a tissue

-emia = condition of blood
isch- = to keep back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Define Myocardium

A

Middle, muscular layer of the heart

my/o- = muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Define Myocardial Infarction

A

Cell death of myocardial cells (heart muscle tissue) due to lack of blood supply

AKA: a heart attack

abbreviated as ‘MI’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Define Necrosis

A

Pathologic death of cells or tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Define Necrotic

A

Pertaining to or affected by necrosis

-tic = pertaining to
necr/o- = death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Define Pericardium

A

A double layer of membranes covering/surrounding the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Define Pulmonary

A

Pertaining to lungs and their blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Define Atrium

A

The two superior chambers of the heart where blood enters on both the right and left sides

-um = structure
atri- = entrance, atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Define Septum

A

A thin wall dividing two cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Define Ventricles

A

The two lower chambers of the heart (pumps blood)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Define Valve

A

Directs the flow of blood by closing so it doesn’t backflow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Define Arrhythmia

A

Condition of abnormal heart rhythm

-ia = condition
a- = without
-rrhythm- = rhythm

Synonym of Dysrhythmia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Define Dysrhythmia

A

Condition of an abnormal heart rhythm

-ia = condition
dys- = bad, difficult
-rhythm- = rhythm

Synonym of Arrhythmia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Define Diastole

A

The dilation (widening) of heart cavities, during which they fill with blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Define Murmur

A

Abnormal heart sound heard on auscultation of the heart or blood vessels

(most common when valve closes/opens abnormally)

Latin = low voice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Define Systole

A

Contraction (tightening/shortening) of the heart muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Define Defibrillation

A

Restoration of normal cardiac activity in life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias

-fibrill- (root) = small fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Define Fibrillation

A

Uncontrolled quivering or twitching of the heart muscle

44
Q

Define Palpitation

A

Forcible, rapid beat of the heart felt by the patient

palpit- = throb

45
Q

Define Cardiomegaly

A

Abnormal enlargement of the heart

-megaly = abnormal enlargement
cardi/o- = heart

46
Q

Define Cardiomyopathy

A

Disease of the muscle of the heart

(muscle of heart = myocardium)

-pathy = disease
cardi/o- = heart
-my/o- = muscle

47
Q

Define Hypertrophy

A

increase in size, not number, of tissue

hyper- = above, excessive
-trophy = development/nourishment

48
Q

Define Myocarditis

A

Inflammation/infection of the heart muscle

-itis = inflammation, infection
my/o- = muscle
-cardi- = heart

49
Q

Define Pericarditis

A

Inflammation around the heart

-itis = inflammation, infection
peri- = around
-cardi- = heart

50
Q

Define Prolapse

A

Falling or slipping of a body part (ex. heart valve) from its normal position

(of heart valve = valvular prolapse)

51
Q

Define Regurgitate

A

to flow backward

(ex. blood through heart valve)

-ate = pertaining to
re- = back
-gurgit- = flood

52
Q

Define Stenosis

A

Narrowing of a canal or passage

53
Q

Define Anoxia

A

Condition of being without oxygen

-ox- = oxygen or O2 (O w/ mini 2)

54
Q

Define Arteriosclerosis

A

Abnormal condition of hardening of the arteries

-sis = abnormal condition
arteri/o- = artery
-scler/o- = hardness

55
Q

Define Asystole

A

Absence of contractions of the heart (no heart beat)

a- = without
-systol/e = contraction

56
Q

Define Atherosclerosis

A

Hardening of the arteries due to atheroma (plaque)

-sis = abnormal condition
ather/o- = porridge, gruel
-scler/o- = hardness

57
Q

Define Cardiogenic

A

A condition that originates from the heart

-gen- = produce

58
Q

Define Hypovolemia

A

Decreased blood volume in the body

-emia = blood condition
hypo- = below, deficient
-vol- = volume

59
Q

Define Occlusion

A

A complete obstruction

60
Q

Define Substernal

A

Pertaining to under the breastbone (sternum)

-al = pertaining to
sub- = under, beneath
-stern- = chest

61
Q

Define Bradycardia

A

A slow heart rate (less than 60 bpm for adult)

-ia = condition
brady- = slow
cardi- = heart

62
Q

Define Tachycardia

A

A fast heart rate

-ia = condition
tachy- = fast
cardi- = heart

63
Q

Define Hypertension

A

Excessive or persistent high arterial blood pressure

-ion = condition, action
hyper- = excessive
-tens- = pressure

64
Q

Define Hypotension

A

Excessive or persistent low arterial blood pressure

-ion = condition, action
hypo- = low, less than normal
-tens- = pressure

65
Q

Define Patent

A

open, direct channel

patent = lie open

66
Q

Define Angioplasty

A

Surgical repair of a blood vessel

-plasty = surgical repair
angi/o- = blood vessel

67
Q

Define Catheter

A

Hollow tube that allows passage of fluid into or out of a body cavity, organ, or vessel

68
Q

Define Stent

A

Wire-mesh tube used to keep arteries open

name = Charles Stent (English dentist, 19th century)

69
Q

Define Thrombus

A

A clot attached to a diseased blood vessel (or heart lining)

thromb/o- = blood clot
thrombi = plural blood clots

70
Q

Define Thrombolytic

A

A drug able to dissolve or break up a blood clot

-lytic = pertaining to destruction
thromb/o- = blood clot

71
Q

Define Thrombolysis

A

Dissolving of a thrombus (clot)

-lysis = dissolve
thromb/o- = blood clot

72
Q

Define the suffix -osis

A

condition

73
Q

Define Anticoagulant

A

Against forming clumps

a drug that prevents clotting by reducing susceptibility to thrombus (clot) formation

-ant = forming
anti- = against
-coagul- = clump, clotting

74
Q

Define Diuretic

A

A drug that increases urine output

-ic = pertaining to
di- = through
-uret- = urination

75
Q

Define Vasoconstrictor

A

Agent that reduces the diameter of a blood vessel

-or = that which does some thing
vas/o- = blood vessel
-constrict- = narrow

76
Q

Define Vasoconstriction

A

The process of a blood vessel decreasing in diameter

-ion = action, process
vas/o- = blood vessel
-constrict- = narrow

77
Q

Define Vasodilator

A

Agent that widens a blood vessel

(agent increases the diameter of a blood vessel)

-or = that which does something
vas/o- = blood vessel
-dilat- = widen, open up

78
Q

Define Vasodilation

A

The process of a blood vessel increasing in diameter

-ion = action, process
vas/o- = blood vessel
-dilat- = widen, open up

79
Q

Define Avascular

A

No blood supply

-ar = pertaining to
a- = without
vascul/o- = vessel

80
Q

Define Artery

A

A blood vessel carrying oxygenated blood away from the heart

81
Q

Define Claudication

A

Intermittent leg pain and limping

-ation = a process
claudic- = limping

82
Q

Define Hemorrhage

A

abnormal flow of blood (excessive bleeding)

-rrhage = abnormal flow
hem/o- = blood

83
Q

Define Varicose

A

Pertaining to tortuous (twisted), engorged (dilated) veins

-ose = full of
varic- = varicosity; dilated, tortuous vein

84
Q

Define Vein

A

Blood vessel carrying blood toward the heart

85
Q

Define Venous

A

Pertaining to a vein

-ous = pertaining to
ven- = vein

86
Q

Define Arteriole

A

A small artery leading into the capillary network

-ole = small
arteri- = artery

87
Q

Define Capillary

A

Minute blood vessel between the arterial and venous systems

-ary = pertaining to
capill- = hairlike structure

88
Q

Define Homeostasis

A

Maintaining the stability, or equilibrium, of a system

-stasis = stand still
home/o- = the same

89
Q

Define Palpate

A

To examine with the fingers and hands

90
Q

Define Sphygmomanometer

A

instrument to measure the pulse pressure

(used for measuring arterial blood pressure)

-meter = instrument to measure
sphygm/o- = pulse
-man/o- = pressure

91
Q

Define Stethoscope

A

Instrument for listening to respiratory and cardiac sounds

-scope = instrument to examine
steth/o- = chest

92
Q

Define Vena Cava

A

Refers to two largest veins in the body which enter the right atrium:
- superior vena cava
- inferior vena cava

plural = venae cavae

ven/a = vein
cava = cave

93
Q

Define Venule

A

A small vein (from capillary network)

-ule = small
ven- = vein

94
Q

Define Aneurysm

A

An abnormally dilated area of an artery

  • dilation in greek
95
Q

Define Dilation

A

Stretching or enlarging an opening

-ion = action, condition
dilat- = widen, dilate, open up

96
Q

Define Edema

A

Excessive accumulation of fluid in cells and tissues

swelling in Greek

97
Q

Define Edematous

A

Pertaining to or affected by edema

-tous = pertaining to
edema- = swelling

98
Q

Define Embolus

A

A detached piece of a thrombus (clot) traveling through the blood stream

(thrombus might be mass of bacteria, quantity of air or foreign body that blocks the vessel)

-embol- = plug

99
Q

Define Phlebitis

A

Inflammation/infection of a vein

phleb- = vein

100
Q

Define Thromboembolism

A

Condition of having a traveling blood clot (embolus)

-ism = condition
thromb/o- = clot, plug

101
Q

Define Thrombophlebitis

A

Inflammation of a vein with clot formation

-itis = inflammation
thromb/o- = clot
-phleb- = vein

102
Q

Define Thrombus

A

A clot attached to a diseased blood vessel (or heart lining)

thromb/o- = blood clot

103
Q

Define Thrombi

A

Plural of thrombus

clot(s) attached to diseased blood vessel(s)

thromb/o- = blood clot

104
Q

Define Thrombosis

A

Condition of having a clot

-osis = condition
thromb/o- = blood clot

105
Q

What does CPR stand for?

A

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

AKA the attempt to restore heart and lung function

106
Q

What does MI stand for?

A

Myocardial Infarction

107
Q

What are Vital Signs?

A

Procedure during a physical exam where measurements are taken to assess general health and cardiorespiratory function.

These include:
- Temperature (T)
- Pulse (P)
- Respirations (R)
- Blood Pressure (BP) &
- Pulse Oximetry (O2)

HLTH 125 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions