CH 3: Integumentary System Flashcards
What are the four cardinal signs of inflammation?
redness, heat, pain, and swelling (edema)
define biopsy
removing tissue from a living person for laboratory examination
deconstruct the word biopsy
-opsy + bi-
(suffix) + (root)
= to view + life (from bios= life)
define cutaneous
pertaining to the skin
define the suffix -ous
pertaining to
define the root/combining form cutan/e-
skin
define subcutaneous
pertaining to below/under the skin
True or False: the prefixes sub- and hypo- both mean below
true
define the prefix sub-
below
define dermatology
medical specialty concerned with disorders of the skin
define the suffix -logy
study of
define the combining form dermat/o-
skin
define dermatologist
medical specialist in diseases of the skin
define the suffix -logist
one who studies, specialist
define dermatologic
pertaining to the skin and dermatology
define the suffix -ic
pertaining to
define etiology
the study of the causes of a disease
define the combining form eti/o
cause
define the prefix ex-
out of, away from
define the word root -crete
to separate
define the suffix -ion
action
define excretion
removal of waste products out of the body
define flora
microorganism (bacteria, fungi, & other pathogens)
What is flora most used in reference to?
microorganisms that cover the exterior (skin) and interior (gut) surfaces
define integument
the skin; the organ system that covers the body
define integumentary
pertaining to the covering of the body
adjective form of integument
define prognosis
forecast of the probable future course and outcome of a disease
define the prefix pro-
projecting forward
define the word root -gnosis
knowledge
define diagnosis
the determination of the cause of a disease
define secrete
to produce a chemical substance in a cell and release it from the cell
define vasoconstriction
narrowing of a blood vessel
What are vasoconstriction and vasodilation used for?
the body uses them to control inner temperature
define vasodilation
expansion/widening of a blood vessel
define the combining form vas/o
blood vessel
define the word root -constrict-
narrow
define the word root -dilat-
widen, open up
define adipose
body tissue containing or composed of fat; found in the hypodermis layer (below the skin)
define the word root adip-
fat
define the suffix -ose
full of
deconstruct the word adipose
-ose + adip-
(suffix) + (root)
= full of + fat
define analgesia
state in which pain is reduced or relieved;
condition without sensation of pain
define the prefix an-
without
define the word root -agles-
sensation of pain
define the suffix -ia
condition
define dermis
layer of skin that contains the sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair follicles, and nail roots
define the suffix -al
pertaining to
define the word root derm-
skin
define dermal
pertaining to the skin
define epidermis
top/superficial layer of the skin
define the prefix epi-
above, upon
define the word root -dermis
skin
define hypodermis
loose connective tissue layer of skin below the dermis; location of adipose (fat) tissue
define hypodermic
pertaining to below the skin
True or False: Hypodermic is the same as subcutaneous
true
define intradermal
within the epidermis
define intradermal injections
injections that are given with a short needle that is introduced into the epidermis raising a small, raised wheal
define transdermal
going across or through the skin
define the prefix trans-
across, through
define intramuscular
within the muscle;
intramuscular injections provide systemic delivery of medications
define the word root -muscul-
muscle
define melanin
black pigment: the pigment that is responsible for skin color
it is also found in skin, hair, iris, and retina
define the word root melan-
black pigment
define the suffix -in
substance
define sebaceous glands
glands pertaining to wax;
glands in the dermis that open into hair follicles and secrete a waxy fluid called sebum (oil)
define wheal
a small, itchy swelling of the skin
What does wheal also refer to besides it’s definition?
the raised bleb (blister) produced by an intradermal injection, which does not itch
True or False: a Wheal is the same as hives
true
define allergy
a hypersensitivity reaction to an allergen
define dermatitis
inflammation of the skin
define the word root dermat-
skin
define the suffix -itis
inflammation
What’s the difference between dermatitis and cellulitis?
Cellulitis is an infection and inflammation of the skin, whereas Dermatitis is only an inflammation
define excoriation
scratch marks
define the word root -cori-
skin
define pruritus
itching
define pruritic
itchy
define antipruritic
medication against itching
define the word root prurit-
itch
define the prefix anti-
against
define stasis
stagnation or standing still
in reference to the body, it is used to define the impeded or reduced flow of a body fluid, such as blood
True or False: Stasis can be used as a non-constructed term as well as a suffix
true
define vesicle
small sac containing liquid (ex. a blister)
what is the literal latin translation of vesicle
blister
define congenital
present at birth
define the combining form -genit-
bring forth
define the prefix con-
with (like spanish - cafe con azucar)
define decubitus ulcer (pressure ulcer)
sore caused by lying down for long periods of time;
caused by pressure on bony projections which cut off blood supply to an area of skin which produces an ulcer
define the word root -cubitus
lying down
define the word root ulcer
sore
define the prefix de-
from
define malignant
pertaining to being harmful, bad
refers to tumor that invades surrounding tissues and metastasizes to distant organs
define the suffix -ant
forming, pertaining to
define the word root malign-
harmful, bad
define the suffix -ancy
state of
define malignancy
state of being malignant
define benign
a non-cancerous tumor that does not metastasize
where is black pigment found?
skin, hair, retina, and iris
define metastasis
spread of a disease from one part of the body to another
define the prefix meta-
beyond, subsequent to
define metastasize
to spread to distant parts
define the suffix stasis
stagnate, stay in one place
define metastatic
pertaining to the character of cells that can metastasize
define the word root -stat-
stationary
define the suffix -ize
affect in a specific way
define oral thrush
a yeast-like infection of the mouth
(Candida albicans of the mouth, most common in infants)
define cellulitis
an infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue
define the suffix -itis
inflammation and/or infection
define the word root cellul-
cell
define contagious
can be transmitted from person to person or from a person to a surface to a person
What does contagious mean in latin?
touch closely
define impetigo
infection of the skin producing thick, yellow crusts
What does impetigo mean in latin?
scabby eruption
define infection
invasion of the body by disease-producing microorganisms
define the word root infect-
internal invasion, infection
define infestation
condition caused by a parasite living off another organism; lice/mites (troublesome)
define the word root infest-
invade
define the suffix -ation
process
define louse
parasitic insect (lice, singular, in old english)
what is the plural of louse?
lice
What is the singular form of lice?
Louse
define parasitic infestation
pertaining to a parasite - such as lice or mites (scabies)
define pediculosis
an infestation of lice
define the word root pedicul-
louse (singular lice)
define the suffix -osis
condition
define scabies
skin disease produced by mites;
like lice, it is a parasitic infestation of the skin
What does scabies mean in latin?
to scratch
define tinea
refers to a group of related skin infections caused by different species of fungi
(relates to athlete’s foot / jock itch - tinea pedis, tinea cruris)
define tinea pedis
athlete’s foot
define tinea cruris
jock itch
define toxic
pertaining to a poison/toxin
define toxin
poisonous substance formed by a cell or organism
What does toxin mean in greek?
poison
define the word root tox-
poison
deconstruct the word toxicity
-ic + -ity + tox-
(suffix) + (suffix) + (root)
pertaining to + state/condition + poison
double suffix
define autoimmune
diseases in which the body makes antibodies directed against its own tissues
define the word root -immune
protected from
define the word prefix auto-
self
define scleroderma
thickening and hardening of the skin due to new collagen formation
define the combining form scler/o-
hard
define the suffix -derma
skin
define symptom
departure from normal health experienced by a patient;
symptoms are felt, but not seen
define sign
abnormal disease process that can be seen;
physical evidence of a disease process
define acne
inflammatory disease of sebaceous glands and hair follicles
What does acne mean in Greek?
point
define cyst
abnormal fluid-filled sac that is encapsulated
- surrounded by a membrane
what does cyst mean in greek?
sac, bladder
define pustule
small protrusion on the skin containing pus
define the word part -ule
small
define alopecia
define partial or complete loss of hair, naturally or from medication
define onychomycosis
a fungus infection of a nail
define the word root -myc-
fungus
define the combining form onych/o
nail
define suffix -osis
condition
define paronychia
infection in the skin that surrounds the nail
define prefix para-
beside, alongside
define abrasion
area of skin or mucous membrane that has been scraped off; “road rash”
define antibiotic
a substance that inhibits the growth of or destroys bacteria and other microorganisms
define the word root -bio-
life
define the suffix -tic
pertaining to
define lesion
ANY wound, injury, or pathological change in a tissue
define systemic
pertaining to the body as a whole
define the word root system-
whole body
define inflammation
cellular and chemical reactions ocurring in response to an injury or chemical agent
define inflammatory
causing or affected by inflammation
define cadaver
a dead body or corpse
define debridement
the surgical removal of injured or necrotic tissue
define the suffix -ment
resulting state
define the word root -bride-
rubbish
define regenerate
reconstitution of a lost part
define regeneration
the process of producing again
define the word root -gener-
produce
define clot
the mass of fibrin and cells that is produced inside a wound
define incision
surgical cutting into a tissue/organ
define excision
surgical removal of part or all of a structure
define the word root incis-
cut into
define the word root excis-
cut out
define laceration
a tear or jagged wound of the skin caused by blunt trauma (not a surgical incision)
define the word root lacer-
to tear
define lipectomy
surgical removal of adipose tissue
define liposuction
surgical removal of adipose tissue using suction
define the suffix -ectomy
surgical excision
define the word root lip-
lipid, fat
define the combining form lip/o-
fat
define the word root -suct-
suck
define the suffix -plasty
surgical repair
What suffixes mean pertaining to? (most common)
-ic
-ac
-al
-ary
-ous
-tic
-ial
-us
-eal
