CH 14: Male Reproductive System Flashcards
Define Epididymis
Coiled tube attached to testis
epi- = above
-didymsis = testis
Define Genitalia
External and internal organs of reproduction
-ia = condition
genit- = primary male or female sex organs
Define Genital
Pertaining to the gonads; male / female sex organs
-al = pertaining to
genit- = primary male or female sex organs
Define External Male Genitalia
Penis, scrotum, testes
Define Gamete
Reproductive cell (male sperm or female ova)
Define Gonad(s)
Testis or ovary; refers to male or female reproductive organs
gonad/o- = gonad, organ
gonad- = producing gametes (reproductive cells)
Define Penis
Conveys urine and semen to the outside, an organ of reproduction
pen- = penis
Define Penile
Pertaining to the penis
-ile = pertaining to
pen- = penis
Define Perineum
Area between the thighs, extending from the coccyx to the pubis
perine- = perineum
Define Scrotum
Sac containing the testes; provides a cooler environment for the testes
Define Vesicle
A small sac formed by a membrane and filled with liquid
-le = small
vesic- = sac containing fluid
Define Sperm
Mature male sex cell, male gamete
Define Spermatogenesis
creation / formation of sperm;
process by which male germ cells differentiate into sperm
-genesis = creation, formation
spermat/o- = sperm
Define Stricture
Abnormal narrowing of a tube
draw tight in Latin
Define Testicle, Testis
Male reproduction organ
plural: testicles, testes
Define Torsion
Act or result of twisting; as in testicular or ovarian torsion (this is a medical emergency)
to twist in Latin
Define Urology
Study of the urinary system
-logy = study of
ur/o- = urine, urinary system
Define Urologist
Specialist in treating disorders of the urinary tract
-logist = one who studies, specialist
ur/o- = urine, urinary system
Define Androgen
Hormones that promotes masculine characteristics
-gen = create, produce
andr/o- = masculine
Define Libido
Sexual desire
lust in Latin
Define Semen
Penile discharge / ejaculate containing sperm and seminal fluid
semin/i- = semen
Define Testosterone
Steroid of the testis;
powerful androgen produced by the intersitial cells of the testes
-sterone = steroid
test/o- = testis, testicle
Define Anorchism
Absence of the testes
an- = not, without
-ism = condition
-orch- = testicle
Define Cryptorchism
Condition of hidden testis;
failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum
-ism = condition
crypt- = hidden
-orch- = testicle
Define Epididymitis
Inflammation / infection of the epididymis;
coiled tube attached to the testis
-itis = inflammation / infection
epididym- = epididymis
Define Hydrocele
Collection of fluid in the space of the tunica vaginalis
-cele = swelling, hernia
hydr/o- = water
Define Inguinal
Pertaining to the groin
-al = pertaining to
inquin/o- = groin
Define Orchitis
Inflammation / infection of a testis
-itis = inflammation / infection
orchi/o- = testicle
Define Ejaculate
To expel suddenly;
or the semen expelled in ejaculation
-ate = composed of, pertaining to
ejacul- = shoot out
Define Ejaculation
Process of expelling semen suddenly
-ation = process, action
ejacul- = shoot out
Define Motile
Capable of movement
-ile = pertaining to
mot- = to move
Define Motility
The ability for spontaneous movement
-ity = condition, state
motil- = to move
Define Prostate
Gland surrounding the beginning of the urethra
prostat- = prostate
Define Sterile
1) not capable of producing offspring (aka infertile)
2) free from all living organisms and their spores
Define Aspermia
Absence of living sperm in the semen
-ia = condition, pathological state
a- = without
-sperm- = seed / sperm
Define Oligospermia
Deficient numbers of sperm in the semen
-ia = condition, pathological state
oligo- = scanty, too few
-sperm- = seed / sperm
Define Hyperplasia
An increase in the number of the cells in a tissue or organ
hyper- = excessive
-plasia = formation, development
Define Prostatic Hyperplasia
A noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland
hyper- = excessive
-plasia = formation, development
Define Hypogonadism
Deficient gonad production of sperm, eggs, or hormones
-ism = condition
hypo- = deficient, insufficient
-gonad- = testis or ovary
Define Male Infertility
Failure to conceive; inability to conceive over a long period of time (usually 12 months)
-ity = condition
in- = not, without
-fertil- = able to conceive
Define Sterility
A physiological inability to conceive
Define prefix in-
not
Define Nocturia
Excessive urination at night
-ia = condition, pathologic state
noct- = night
-ur- = urine
Define Polyuria
Excessive production of urine;
refers to excessive volume, not # of times)
-ia = condition, pathological state
poly- = many, much, excessive
-ur- = urine
Define Prostatitis
Inflammation of the prostate
-itis = inflammation
prostat- = prostate
Define Transurethral
Passing through or performed by way of the urethra
-al = pertaining to
trans- = across, through
-urethr- = urethra
Define Balanitis
Inflammation of the glans and prepuce of the penis
-itis = inflammation, infection
balan- = glans penis
Define Epispadias
Condition in which the urethral opening is on the upper aspect (aka. dorsum) of the penis
-ias = condition, pathologic state
epi- = above
-spad- = tear or cut
Define Erectile
Capable of erection or being distended with blood
-ile = pertaining to
erect- = to set up, straight
Define Erection
Distended and rigid state of an organ
-ion = aciton, state of, condition
erect- = to set up, straight
Define Glans
Head of the penis or clitoris
Define Hypospadias
A condition in which the urethral meatus appears at some point on the underside of the penis
-ias = condition, pathologic state
hypo- = below
-spad- = tear or cut
Define Impotence
Inability to achieve an erection or maintain an erection firm enough for sexual intercourse
aka erectile dysfunction (ED)
inability in Latin
Define Phimosis
A condition where the prepuce cannot be retracted
-osis = abnormal condition
phim- = muzzle
Define Prepuce
Foreskin; fold of skin that covers the glans penis
Define Priapism
Persistent erection of the penis
derived from “Priapus,” mythical roman god of procreation
Define Smegma
Oily material produced by the glans and prepuce
Define Spermicide
Agent that destroys sperm
-cide = destroy
sperm/i- = sperm
Define Spermicidal
an agent that kills sperm; pertaining to be destructive to sperm
-al = pertaining to
-cide = destroy
sperm/i- = sperm
Define Condom
A sheath or cover for the penis or vagina to prevent conception and infection
sheath or cover in Old English
Define Contagious
Can be transmitted from person to person
OR
from a person to a surface to a person.
Define word root -therapy
treatment
Define Circumcision
To remove part or all of the prepuce (foreskin)
-ion = action, state of condition
circum- = around
-cis- = to cut
Define Orchiectomy
Surgical removal of one or both testes
(Orchidectomy)
-ectomy = surgical excision
orchi- = testicle
Define Orchiopexy
Surgical fixation of a testis
-pexy = surgical fixation
orchi/o- = testicle
Define Prostatectomy
Surgical removal of the prostate
-ectomy = surgical excision (removal)
prostat- = prostate
Define Vasectomy
Excision of a segment of the ductus deferens to inhibit release of sperm
-ectomy = surgical excision (removal)
vas- = duct
Define Vasovasostomy
Re-anastomosis of the ductus deferens to restore the flow of sperm
surgical reconnection of two ducts to restore the flow of sperm
aka Vasectomy Reversal
-stomy = surgical opening
vas/o- = duct
Define Anastomosis
A surgical connection between two tubular structures
(Re-anastomosis happens in Vasovasostomy)
