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HLTH 125 > CH 15: Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

CH 15: Female Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Define Clitoris

A

Erectile organ of the vulva

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2
Q

Define Estrogen

A

Generic term for hormones that stimulate female secondary sex characteristics

-gen = produce
estr/o- = woman

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3
Q

Define Gynecology (GYN)

A

Study of the female reproductive system;

medical specialty of diseases of the female reproductive tract

-logy = study of, specialty of
gynec/o- = woman, female

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4
Q

Define Gynecologic

A

Pertaining to Gynecology

-ic = pertaining to
gynec/o- = woman, female
-log- = to study

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5
Q

Define Labia Majora

A

Pair of thick folds of skin that are part of the female external genitalia

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6
Q

Define Obstetrics

A

Medical specialty for the care of woman during pregnancy and the postpartum period (childbirth)

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7
Q

Define Obstetrician (OB)

A

Physician who specializes in the care of woman during pregnancy and postpartum period (childbirth)

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8
Q

Define Vagina

A

Female genital canal extending from the uterus to the vulva

aka birth canal

-al = pertaining to
vagin- = vagina

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9
Q

Define Vulva

A

Female external genitalia

vulv- = vulva

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10
Q

Define Dyspareunia

A

Pain during sexual intercourse

-ia = condition
dys- = painful
-pareun- = lying beside, sexual intercourse

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11
Q

Define Vaginosis

A

Any disease of the vagina

-osis = condition
vagin- = vagina

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12
Q

Define Menses

A

monthly uterine bleeding same as menses (for some women these occur in longer intervals)

aka Menstruation

month in Latin

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13
Q

Define Endometrium

A

Inner lining of the uterus

-um = tissue
endo- = within, inside, inner
metr/i- = uterus

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14
Q

Define Menarche

A

First menstrual period

-arche = beginning
men- = month

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15
Q

Define Prolapse

A

Refers to the falling or slipping of a body part from its normal position

a falling in Latin

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16
Q

Define Uterus

A

Organ in which an egg develops into a fetus

(aka womb)

uter- = uterus

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17
Q

Define Intrauterine

A

Pertaining to within the uterus

intra- = within, inside
uter- = uterus

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18
Q

Define Amenorrhea

A

Absence or abnormal cessation of menstrual flow; without menstrual flow

-rrhea = flow, discharge
a- = without
men/o- = menses

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19
Q

Define Dysmenorrhea

A

Painful/difficult menstrual flow

-rrhea = flow, discharge
dys- = painful or difficult
men/o- = menses (month / menstruation)

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20
Q

Define Menopause

A

Permanent ending of menstrual periods

(after a period of 12 months of no menses / menstruation)

-pause = cessation
men/o- = menses (menstruation)

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21
Q

Define Polycystic

A

Composed of / pertaining to many cysts

-ic = pertaining to
poly- = many
-cyst- = sac

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22
Q

Define Anteversion

A

Forward displacement or tilting of a structure (in this case, the uterus)

-ion = action, condition
ante- = forward
-vers- = turn

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23
Q

Define Colpopexy

A

Surgical fixation of the vaginal walls

-pexy = surgical fixation
colp/o- = vagina

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24
Q

Define Cystocele

A

Hernia of the bladder into the anterior wall of the vagina

-cele = hernia
cyst/o- = bladder

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25
Q

Define Endometriosis

A

Endometrial tissue in the abdomen outside the uterus

causes intense pain when it swells due to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle

-osis = condition
endo- = within, inside
-metr/i- = uterus

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26
Q

Define Fibromyoma

A

Benign neoplasm derived from smooth muscle and containing fibrous tissue

-oma = tumor, mass
fibr/o- = fiber
-my- = muscle

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27
Q

Define Hysterectomy

A

Surgical removal of the uterus

-ectomy = surgical excision (removal)
hyster- = uterus

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28
Q

Define Leiomyoma (also called fibroid)

A

Benign neoplasm derived from smooth muscle

-oma = tumor, mass
lei/o- = smooth
-my- = muscle

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29
Q

Define Menorrhagia

A

Excessive menstrual bleeding

-rrhagia = flow, discharge
men/o- = menses

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30
Q

Define Metrorrhagia

A

Irregular uterine bleeding between menses

-rrhagia = flow, discharge
metr/o- = uterus

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31
Q

Define Retroversion

A

the tipping backwards of the uterus

-ion = action, condition
retro- = backward
-vers- = turn

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32
Q

Define Salpingitis

A

Inflammation of the fallopian (uterine) tube

-itis = inflammation
salping- = uterine tube

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33
Q

Define Salpingectomy

A

Surgical removal of a fallopian tube

-ectomy = surgical excision (removal)
salping- = uterine tube

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34
Q

Define Pap Test

A

Examination of cells taken from the cervix;

doctor brushes cells from the cervix

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35
Q

Define Contraception

A

Prevention of pregnancy

-ion = action, condition
contra- = against
-cept- = receive

36
Q

Define Contraceptive

A

Agent that prevents conception

-ive = quality of
contra- = against
-cept- = receive

37
Q

Define Diaphragm (as it relates to reproduction)

A

A ring and dome-shaped material inserted into the vagina to prevent pregnancy

note: also term for major muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavity.

38
Q

Define Ovulation

A

Release of an oocyte from a follicle;

the mature follicle bulges out on the surface of the ovary and ruptures.

39
Q

Define Fetus

A

Human organism from the end of the eighth week after conception to birth

offspring in Latin

40
Q

Define Infertility

A

Failure to conceive;

inability to conceive over a long period of time (usually 12 months)

-ity = condition
in- = not, without
-fertil- = able to conceive

male infertility diagnosed only after one year has passed

41
Q

Define Placenta

A

Organ that allows metabolic exchange between the mother and the fetus

42
Q

Define Amniocentesis

A

Removal of amniotic fluid for diagnostic purposes;

surgical puncture to withdraw or aspirate fluid from the amniotic sac for analysis

-centesis = to puncture
amni/o- = amnion, fetal membrane

43
Q

Define Conception

A

Fertilization of the egg by sperm to form a zygote

something received in Latin

44
Q

Define Amnion

A

Membrane around the fetus that contains amniotic fluid

amni/o- = amnion, fetal membrane

45
Q

Define Ectopic

A

Out of place, not in a normal position;

commonly refering to fertilized egg implanted in the fallopian tubes instead of the uterus (can refer however to any organ out of place)

-ic = pertaining to
ectop- = on the outside, displaced

46
Q

Define Gestational

A

Pertaining to Gestation

-al = pertaining to
gestat- = pregnancy

47
Q

Define Gestation

A

Period from conception to birth

-ion = action, condition
gestat- = pregnancy

48
Q

Define Oligohydramnios

A

Too little amniotic fluid

olig-, olig/o- = scanty, too little (prefix or root, CF)
-hydr- = water
-amnios = amnion

49
Q

Define Polyhydramnios

A

Too much amniotic fluid

poly- = many, excessive
-hydr- = water
-amnios = amnion

50
Q

Define Preeclampsia

A

Hypertension, edema, and proteinuria during pregnancy

-ia = condition
pre- = before
-eclamps- = shining forth

51
Q

Define Exlampsia

A

Convulsions in a patient with preeclampsia;

(hypertension, edema, proteinuria, and seizures during pregnancy)

usually results d/t (due to) untreated preeclampsia

-ia = condition
-eclamps- = shining forth

52
Q

Define Preterm (Premature)

A

Baby delivered before 37 weeks of gestation

pre- = before
-term = limit, end

53
Q

Define Trimester

A

One-third of the length of a full-term pregnancy

of 3 months’ duration in Latin

54
Q

Define Crowning

A

when the head of the fetus reaches the vaginal opening first

55
Q

Define Dilation

A

Stretching or enlarging an opening

-ion = process
dilat- = open out

56
Q

Define Effacement

A

thinning of the cervix in relation to labor

-ment = resulting state
efface- = wipe out

57
Q

Define Episiotomy

A

Surgical incision of the vulva; done so the vulva doesn’t tear in childbirth

-tomy = surgical incision
episi/o- = vulva

58
Q

Define Gravid

A

Pregnant

59
Q

Define Gravida

A

A pregnant woman

60
Q

Define Hyperemesis

A

Excessive vomiting

hyper- = excessive
-emesis = vomiting

61
Q

Define Hyperemesis Gravidarum

A

Persistent, severe vomiting during pregnancy;

most common in the 1st trimester

aka extreme morning sickness

hyper- = excessive
-emesis = vomiting

62
Q

Define Multipara

A

Woman who has given birth to two or more children

multi- = many
-para = birth, to bring forth

63
Q

Define Neonate

A

A newborn infant

neo- = new
-nate = born

64
Q

Define Neonatal

A

Pertaining to the newborn infant or the newborn period

-al = pertaining to
neo- = new
-nate = born

65
Q

Define Perinatal

A

Around the time of birth

-al = pertaining to
peri- = around
-nat- = birth

66
Q

Define Prenatal

A

The period before the baby’s birth

-al = pertaining to
pre- = before
-nat- = birth

67
Q

Define Postpartum

A

After childbirth

post- = after
-partum = birth, to bring forth

68
Q

Define Primipara

A

Woman giving birth for the first time

primi- = first
-para = to bring forth

69
Q

Define Teratogen

A

Agent that produces fetal deformities

-gen = create, produce
terat/o- = monster, malformed fetus

70
Q

Define Teratogenic

A

Capable of producing fetal deformities

-ic = pertaining to
-gen = create, produce
-terat/o- = monster, malformed fetus

71
Q

Define Breech

A

Buttocks-first presentation of the fetus at delivery

this is an abnormal and potentially dangerous presentation

72
Q

Define Cesarean Section (C-Section)

A

Extraction of the fetus through an incision in the abdomen and uterine wall

history: roman law under the Caesars required that pregnant women who died be cut open and the fetus be extracted

73
Q

Define Meconium

A

The first bowel movement of the newborn

a little poppy in Greek

74
Q

Define Placenta Abruption

A

Separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before delivery of the baby;

premature detachment of the placenta (a medical emergency)

abruptio, Latin to break off

75
Q

Define Premature

A

Occurring before the expected time;

A neonate born before 37 weeks gestation

slang term is “preemie”

pre- = before
-mature = ripe, ready

76
Q

Define Prematurity

A

Condition of being premature

same as preterm

-ity = condition, state
pre- = before
-mature = ripe, ready

77
Q

Define Areola

A

Circular reddish-brown area surrounding the nipple

areol- = areolar

78
Q

Define Colostrum

A

The first breast secretion at the end of pregnancy

79
Q

Define Mammary

A

Pertaining to the lactating breast

-ary = pertaining to
mamm- = breast

80
Q

Define Prolactin

A

pituitary hormone that stimulates the production of milk

-in = substance
pro- = before
-lact- = milk

81
Q

Define Galactorrhea

A

Condition of a woman producing breast milk when she is not breastfeeding

-rrhea = flow
galact/o- = milk

82
Q

Define Gynecomastia

A

Abnormal enlargement of the breast;

usually of the male breast, may refer to female breast due to liver disease, marijuana, or drug therapy

-ia = condition
gynec/o- = female
mast- = breast

83
Q

Define Mammogram

A

The record produced by x-ray imaging of the breast

-gram = a record
mamm/o- = breast

84
Q

Define Mammography

A

Process of x-ray examination of the breast

-graphy = process of recording
mamm/o- = breast

85
Q

Define Mastalgia

A

Pain in the breast

-algia = pain
mast- = breast

86
Q

Define Mastectomy

A

Surgical excision (removal) of the breast

-ectomy = surgical excision (removal)
mast- = breast

87
Q

Define Mastitis

A

Inflammation / infection of the breast

-itis = inflammation / infection
mast- = breast

HLTH 125 (15 decks)

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