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HLTH 125 > CH 13: Urinary System > Flashcards

CH 13: Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

Define Bladder

A

Hollow sac that holds fluid; ex: urine or bile

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2
Q

Define Urinary Bladder

A

Hollow muscular organ located on the floor of the pelvic cavity, posterior to the public symphysis

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3
Q

Define Glomerulus

A

Network (plexus) of capillaries in a nephron where waste is filtered out of the blood

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4
Q

Define Hilum

A

The opening or site where the nerves and blood vessels enter and leave an organ

hila is plural

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5
Q

Define Kidney

A

Main Organ of excretion;

Main organ responsible for eliminating major body wastes from the blood

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6
Q

Define Excretion

A

process of eliminating or expelling metabolic waste

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7
Q

Define Nephron

A

Filtration unit of the kidney

Nephr/o- = kidney

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8
Q

Define Nephrology

A

Study of the kidney

-logy = study of
nephr/o- = kidney

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9
Q

Define Nephrologist

A

Medical specialist in the study of the kidney diseases and disorders

-logist = one who studies, specialist
nephr/o- = kidney

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10
Q

Define Nephroscopy

A

Process of visual examination of the kidney with a Nephroscope

-scopy = to examine
-scope = instrument for viewing

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11
Q

Define Renal

A

Pertaining to the kidney

-al = pertaining to
ren- = kidney

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12
Q

Define Ureteral

A

Pertaining to a ureter;

the tube that connects the kidney to the urinary bladder

ureteral is plural of ureter

-al = pertaining to
ureter- = ureter

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13
Q

Define Urine

A

Fluid and dissolved substances excreted by the kidney.

urin- = urine

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14
Q

Define Urinary

A

Pertaining to Urine

-ary = pertaining to
urin- = urine

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15
Q

Define Urinate

A

To pass urine

-ate = composed of, pertaining to
urin- = urine

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16
Q

Define Urination

A

Process of passing urine

-ation = process
urin- = urine

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17
Q

Define Urologist

A

Specialist in treating disorders of the urinary tract

-logist = one who studies, specialist
ur/o- = urinary system

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18
Q

Define Diuretic

A

An agent that increases urine output

-etic = pertaining to
di(a) = complete
-ur- = urine

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19
Q

Define Glomerulonephritis

A

Infection of the glomeruli of the kidney

-itis = inflammation / infection
glomerul/o- = glomerulus
-nephr- = kidney

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20
Q

Define Hematuria

A

Blood in the urine

-uria = urine
hemat- = blood

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21
Q

Define Nephrectomy

A

Surgical removal of a kidney

-ectomy = surgical excision (removal)
nephr- = kidney

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22
Q

Define Nephrotomy

A

Surgical incision into the kidney

-tomy = surgical incision
nephr- = kidney

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23
Q

Define Nephropathy

A

Any disease of the kidney

-pathy = disease
nephr/o- = kidney

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24
Q

Define Nephrotic Syndrome

A

Glomerular disease that causes a marked loss of protein (same as Nephrosis)

-tic = pertaining to
nephr/o- = kidney

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25
Q

Define Nephrosis

A

A condition of the kidney (same as Nephrotic Syndrome)

-osis = condition
nephr- = kidney

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26
Q

Define IV (iv)

A

intravenous

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27
Q

Define KUB

A

x-ray of abdomen to show kidneys, ureters, and bladder

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28
Q

Define UA

A

Urinalysis test

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29
Q

Define Anuria

A

Without/lack of urine production

-ia = condition
an- = a lack of, no, without
-ur- = urine

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30
Q

Define Hemodialysis

A

An artificial method of filtration to remove excess waste materials and water directly from the blood

dia- = complete
-lysis = destruction
hem/o- = blood

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31
Q

Define Peritoneal Dialysis

A

Type of dialysis that places dialysis fluid into the abdominal cavity and then extracts and filters it.

dia- = complete
-lysis = destruction
hem/o- = blood

32
Q

Define Nephritis

A

Inflammation/infection of the kidney

-itis = inflammation / infection
nephr- = kidney

33
Q

Define Oliguria

A

Scanty production of urine

-ia = condition
olig- = scanty (limited or less than in quantity)
-ur- = urine

34
Q

Define Polycystic

A

Pertaining to many sacs

-ic = pertaining to
poly- = many
-cyst- = sac, bladder, cyst

35
Q

Define Pyelonephritis

A

Inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis

-itis = inflammation / infection
pyel/o- = renal pelvis
-nephr- = kidney

36
Q

Define Uremia

A

Blood condition due to the urinary system;

results from excessive amounts of nitrogenous waste products in the blood.

-emia = blood condition
ur- = urine

37
Q

Define Calculus

A

Small stone (calculi = plural)

38
Q

Define Flank

A

Side of the body between the bottom of the ribs and top of the pelvis

broad in Latin

flank = side in military terms (flanking the enemy)

39
Q

Define Flank Pain

A

Indicative of a kidney disorder

flank = broad in Latin

40
Q

Define Groin (no yellow highlight - bonus)

A

crease where the thigh joins the abdomen; aka inguinal area

41
Q

Define Hydronephrosis

A

Dilation of the pelvis and calyces of a kidney;

literally: condition of water in the kidney

-osis = condition
hydr/o- = water
-nephr/o- = kidney

42
Q

Define Lithotripsy

A

Crushing a stone(s) by sound waves

-tripsy = crushing
lith/o- = stone

43
Q

Define Nephrolithiasis

A

presence of a kidney stone

-iasis = condition, state of
nephr/o- = kidney
-lith- = stone

44
Q

Define Nephrolithotomy

A

Incision of the kidney to remove a stone

-tomy = surgical incision
nephr/o- = kidney
-lith- = stone

45
Q

Define Enuresis

A

Involuntary bed-wetting; urinary incontinence

-esis = condition
enur- = urinate

46
Q

Define Meatus

A

External opening of a passage

A passage in Latin

47
Q

Define Micturition

A

Act of passing urine

aka void/voiding

48
Q

Define Reflex

A

An involuntary response to a stimulus

49
Q

Define Sphincter

A

A band of muscle that encircles an opening;

when it contracts, the opening squeezes closed

a band in Greek

50
Q

Define Urethra

A

Canal that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body

urethr- = urethra

51
Q

Define Void

A

To evacuate urine or feces

to empty in Latin

52
Q

Define prefix in- (involuntary)

A

not (voluntary)

53
Q

Define Cystitis

A

Inflammation / infection of the urinary bladder

-itis = inflammation/infection
cyst- = bladder

54
Q

Define Dysuria

A

Difficulty or pain with urination

-ia = condition
dys- = bad, difficult, pain
-ur- = urine

55
Q

Define Incontinence

A

Inability to prevent discharge of urine or feces

-ence = state of
in- = not
-contin- = hold together

56
Q

Define Stress Incontinence

A

The loss of urine when pressure is exerted on the bladder by coughing, laughing, exercising, or lifting

-ence = state of
in- = not
-contin- = hold together

57
Q

Define Urge Incontinence

A

A sudden, intense urge to urinate followed by an involuntary loss of urine

-ence = state of
in- = not
-contin- = hold together

58
Q

Define Pyelitis

A

Inflammation / infection of the renal pelvis

-itis = inflammation / infection
pyel- = renal pelvis

59
Q

Define Retention

A

Holding back in the body what should normally be discharged (ex: urine)

60
Q

Define Suprapubic

A

Pertaining to above the pubis

-ic = pertaining to
supra- = above
-pub- = pubis

61
Q

Define Urethritis

A

Inflammation / infection of the urethra

-itis = inflammation /infection
urethr- = urethra

62
Q

Define Vesicoureteral

A

Pertaining to the bladder and ureter

-al = pertaining to
vesic/o- = bladder
-ureter- = ureter

63
Q

Define Reflux

A

To flow backward

re- = back
-flux = flow

64
Q

Define Cytoscope

A

Endoscope used to view inside of bladder

-scope = instrument for viewing
cyst/o- = bladder, sac

65
Q

Define Cytoscopy

A

Procedure to visualize the urinary bladder

-scopy = to examine
endo- = within

66
Q

Define Endoscope

A

Any scope inserted within the body for internal examination

endo- = within
-scope = instrument for viewing

67
Q

Define Edema

A

Fluid retention; excessive accumulation of fluid in cells and tissues

edema = swelling (root not suffix)

68
Q

Define Glycosuria

A

Presence of glucose in urine

-ia = condition
glyc/o- = glucose
-ur- = urinary system

69
Q

Define Nocturia

A

Excessive urination at night

-ia = condition
noct- = night
-ur- = urinary system

70
Q

Define Ketone

A

Chemical formed in uncontrolled diabetes or in starvation

ket/o- = ketones

71
Q

Define Ketosis

A

Excess production of ketones

-osis = abnormal condition
ket/o- = ketones

72
Q

Define Ketoacidosis

A

Excessive production of ketones, making the blood acid

-osis = abnormal condition
ket/o- = ketones
-acid/o- = acid, low pH

73
Q

Define pH

A

Measure of how acidic or alkaline urine is

-ia = condition
protein- = protein
-uri- = urine

74
Q

Define Urinalysis

A

Examination of urine to separate it into its elements and define their kind and/or quantity

-lysis = to separate
urin/a- = urine

75
Q

3 common methods for urine collection?

A
  • random urine collection
  • clean-catch, midstream urine specimen
  • catheterization
76
Q

Define Catheterization

A

procedure of the bladder; can be used as a last resort to obtain a urine specimen.

soft plastic or rubber tube (catheter) is inserted through the urethra into the bladder to drain and collect urine

HLTH 125 (15 decks)

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