Ch 6A - Aerobic Cellular Respiration

Question 1

cellular respiration

Answer 1

the process by
which cells create usable energy in the form of ATP from a series of
biochemical reactions, involving the breakdown of glucose

Question 2

atp

Answer 2

adenosine triphosphate,
a high energy molecule when broken down, provides energy for cellular processes

Question 3

aerobic cellular respiration 

Answer 3

cellular respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen.
Involves
three stages, during which glucose and O2 are converted into ATP,
CO2, and water

Question 4

anaerobic fermentation 

Answer 4

a metabolic pathway that occurs in the absence of oxygen.
Involves glycolysis, followed by further reactions that convert pyruvate into lactic acid in animals, or ethanol and CO2 in yeast

Question 5

how is mitochondria utilised in aerobic respiration

Answer 5

site of the second
and third stages
- mitochondrial matrix is filled with a dense fluid containing many enzymes and solutes. -site of Krebs cycle - 2nd stage
- cristae, - site of the electron transport chain (3rd stage)
- matrix plays an important role in the electron transport chain.

Question 6

mitochondrial matrix

Answer 6

mitochondria includes an inner and outer membrane each composed of a phospholipid bilayer.
The space inside the inner membrane is the mitochondrial matrix and is filled with a
dense fluid containing many enzymes and solutes

Question 7

cristae

Answer 7

The inner membrane
folds into peaks and ridges

Question 8

glycolosis

Answer 8

first stage of aerobic cellular respiration.
It occurs in the
cytosol
- glucose breaks down into two pyruvate molecules, creating two ATP
and two NADH molecules in the process.

Question 9

inputs and outputs of glycolosis

Answer 9

1 glucose (C6H12O6) - 2 pyruvate
2 ADP + 2 Pi - 2 ATP
2 NAD+ + 2 H+ - 2 NADH

Question 10

krebs cycle

Answer 10

3nd stage of Aerobic respiration
occurs in the matrix
of mitochondria
produces four CO2, two FADH2, six NADH, and two
ATP for every two pyruvate molecules created via glycolysis

Question 11

inputs and outputs of krebs cycle

Answer 11

2 acetyl-CoA
(derived from 2 pyruvate)
- 4 carbon dioxide (CO2)
2 ADP + 2 Pi - 2 ATP
6 NAD+ + 6 H+ - 6 NADH
2 FAD + 4 H+ - 2 FADH2

Question 12

electron transport chain

Answer 12

3rd step- cristae
energy from the electrons unloaded by NADH and FADH2 generates a proton gradient that drives
significant ATP production.

Question 13

inputs and outputs of electron trasport chain

Answer 13

26 or 28 ADP + Pi = 26 or 28 ATP
10 NADH = 10 NAD+ + 10 H+
2 FADH2 = 2 FAD + 4 H+
6 Oxygen (O2) = 6 water (H2O)(H+ from NAD+ and FAD)