Ch 6/7 Skeletal System pt 2

Question 1

complete vs incomplete fracture

Answer 1

all the way through vs crack

Question 2

linear vs transverse fracture

Answer 2

down the length vs across

Question 3

open vs closed fracture

Answer 3

compound vs simple, a damaged vs undamaged outer barrier

Question 4

transverse fracture

Answer 4

across

Question 5

oblique fracture

Answer 5

at an angle

Question 6

spiral fracture

Answer 6

bone twists

Question 7

comminuated fracture

Answer 7

bone shatters

Question 8

avulsion fracture

Answer 8

breaking of condyle

Question 9

impacted fracture

Answer 9

compressed bone

Question 10

fissure

Answer 10

crack in bone

Question 11

greenstick fracture

Answer 11

broken like bent stick, incomplete

Question 12

bone fracture repair

Answer 12

1) Hematoma form - bleeding
leads to bone cell death & inflammation
2) Soft callus forms: blood vessels invade
the hematoma, cells come to clean up
debris. Osteoblasts invade, building new
bone.
3) Bony callus forms: bone trabeculae forms
(spongy bone)
4) Bone remodeling: excess material
removed from area; medullary cavity and
compact bone formed

Question 13

rickets

Answer 13

not enough minerals in bones
in children
bowed legs, misshapen pelvis skull and ribcage are common
Ca and Vit D deficiency

Question 14

osteoporosis

Answer 14

bones degrade more than deposited
most common in elderly
sex hormone deficient, insufficient WB exercise, smoking, low Ca intake, hormones (hypothyroidism, diabetes)

Question 15

osteomyelitis

Answer 15

inflammation of bone and marrow
most common to long bones (pain stiffness fever)
caused by pus forming bacteria entering body via wound

Question 16

compact bone

Answer 16

smooth dense bone tissue, outer surface of all bone

Question 17

spongy bone

Answer 17

internal, honeycomb like. weblike connections of bone called trabeculae

Question 18

articular cartilage

Answer 18

covers places on bones where bones connect to joints

Question 19

periosteum

Answer 19

covers nerves lymphatic vessels, blood vessels on the outside of bones. helps attach bone to muscle

Question 20

diaphysis

Answer 20

shaft, compact bone, contains medullary (central) cavity

Question 21

endosteum

Answer 21

inner membrane lining, covers trabeculae and lines canals

Question 22

osteon

Answer 22

functional unit of bone

Question 23

lamella

Answer 23

concentric rings

Question 24

haversian canal

Answer 24

contains blood vessels, nerves, serves osteocytes

Question 25

osteocyte

Answer 25

bone cell

Question 26

lacuna

Answer 26

space between lamella for osteocyte

Question 27

canaliculi

Answer 27

small canals covering osteocytes

Question 28

hydroxyapatites

Answer 28

mineral deposits, primarily calcium phosphate

Question 29

red bone marrow

Answer 29

hemopoietic tissue, produces erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets

Question 30

yellow bone marrow

Answer 30

found in the medullary cavity, fatty

Question 31

epiphysis

Answer 31

ends, spongy bone, ends covered with articular cartilage