Ch 14 the Brain Stem Flashcards
spinal cord
ends at L1 vertebra with conus medullaris, extends inferiorly as cauda equina
divided into cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal
filum terminae
thin strand of pia attaching conus medullaris to coccyx
superiormost nerve
C1 nerve
inferiormost nerve
Co1 nerve
sensory nerves (what side of spinal cord)
posterior
motor nerves (what side of spinal cord)
anterior
what is important to remember about names?
spinal cord parts do not align w vertebral names
grooves on spinal cord
anterior median fissure and posterior median sulcus
anterior horns
cell bodies of somatic motor neurons
lateral horns
cell bodies of autonomic motor neurons
posterior horns
axons of sensory neurons and cell bodies of interneurons
grey and white matter in spinal cord
grey on inside, white outside
motor pathways
control effectors such as skeletal muscles
upper motor neuron in motor cortex, cerebral nucleus, or brainstem contacts lower motor neuron in nerve nucleus or spinal cord anterior horn
somatosensory pathways receive signals from…
signals from skin, muscles, joints
viscerosensory pathways
carry signals from viscera
primary neuron (1st order)
“sensor”
neuron has peripheral ending, cell body in posterior root ganglion, axon leading to secondary neuron
secondary neuron (2nd order)
“relay”
interneuron, receives primary input and extends to tertiary neuron or cerebellum
tertiary neuron (3rd order)
interneuron, receives secondary neuron input and extends to somatosensory cortex
another name for somatic motor pathways
corticospinal tracts
another name for sensory pathways
anterolateral pathway
