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PathoPharm 2 > ch 57 stroke > Flashcards

ch 57 stroke Flashcards

1
Q

two types stroke

A

ischemic

hemorrhagic

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2
Q

stroke caused by clot within artery of brain

A

ischemic

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3
Q

type of ischemic stroke due to atherosclerosis

A

thrombotic

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4
Q

type of ischemic stroke due to clot from other part of body that travels to brain (ex: DVT)

A

embolic

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5
Q

risk factor for embolic stroke

A

Afib

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6
Q

S+S stroke that disappear within three hours

A

transient ischemic attack

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7
Q

treatment for transient ischemic attack

A

preventative aspirin

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8
Q

risk factor/cause hemorrhagic stroke

A

uncontrolled HTN

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9
Q

general risk factors for stroke (10)

A
  • older age (>50)
  • family h/o
  • HTN
  • metabolic syndrome
  • high cholesterol
  • diabetes
  • alcohol abuse
  • sleep apnea
  • obesity
  • smoking
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10
Q

S+S stroke to teach pts

A 
FACE:
Face uneven
Arm one drooped
Speech slurred
Time call 911
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11
Q

S+S stroke that affected frontal lobe (3)

A
  • intellect
  • cognition
  • critical thinking
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12
Q

S+S stroke that affected parietal lobe (1)

A

-motor movement

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13
Q

S+S stroke that affected temporal lobe (2)

A
  • impaired expression and understanding of speech

- reading

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14
Q

S+S stroke that affected occipital lobe (2)

A
  • visual impairment

- balance

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15
Q

S+S stroke that affected R side of brain (L side of body) (4)

A
  • spatial perceptual problems
  • short attention span
  • impaired judgment
  • impulsive behavior*
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16
Q

S+S stroke that affected L side of brain (R side of body) (4)

A
  • impaired speech
  • slowness
  • awareness of deficits
  • impaired cognitive function (reading, writing, math)
17
Q

3 types ischemic stroke

A
  • embolic
  • transient ischemic attack
  • thrombotic
18
Q

what type of ischemic stroke is associated with headache

A

embolic

19
Q

S+S hemorrhagic stroke (5)

A
  • neurologic deficits
  • headache
  • N/V
  • decreased LOC
  • HTN
20
Q

2 types aphasia

A

broca’s aphasia

wernicke’s aphasia

21
Q

type of aphasia characterized by nonfluent, short phrases

A

broca’s aphasia

22
Q

type of aphasia characterized by fluent speech that doesn’t make sense, impaired comprehension

A

wernicke’s aphasia

23
Q

diagnosis for stroke (during and in recovery - 3 total)

A

-during: CT stat (w/o contrast)
AFTER:
-carotid ultrasound
-lipid panel

24
Q

initial interventions (ER) for stroke (6)

A
  • ensure patent airway
  • SpO2 (give O2 if needed)
  • IV
  • head CT w/o contrast
  • maintain good bp
  • anticipate thrombolytic therapy
25
Q

nursing considerations for pt recovering from stroke in hospital (7)

A
  • increase hob
  • keep head midline
  • seizure precautions
  • NPO until evaluated by speech therapist
  • monitor bp
  • q1h neuro checks
  • glasgow coma scale
26
Q

measures to prevent stroke for general public (7)

A
  • low sodium diet
  • normal body weight
  • normal bp
  • increase exercise
  • no smoking
  • limit alcohol
  • low fat diet
27
Q

stroke prevention for pt with TIA or at high risk

A

antiplatelet therapy (aspirin/clopidogrel)

28
Q

why would someone receive tPA

A

drug used to break up blood and restore blood flow to brain with ischemic stroke

29
Q

tPA considerations for ischemic stroke (3)

A
  • must be given within 4.5 hours
  • 2 IVs
  • record bp q15 mins
30
Q

contraindications for tPA (7)

A
  • hemorrhagic stroke
  • active bleeding
  • surgery
  • head trauma
  • lumbar puncture
  • glucose <50 or >400
  • severe HTN
31
Q

what meds cannot be given for 24 hours after tPA (3)

A
  • aspirin
  • warfarin
  • heparin
32
Q

treatment hemorrhagic stroke (4)

A
  • neurosurgery consult
  • NO anticoagulants
  • manage HTN
  • seizure prevention (phenytoin, corticosteroids, diuretics)

PathoPharm 2 (33 decks)

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