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PathoPharm 2 > ch 54 male repro disorders > Flashcards

ch 54 male repro disorders Flashcards

1
Q

S+S benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)/prostate cancer (5)

A

(lower UTI symptoms: )

  • decrease force of urination
  • nocturia/increased frequency of urination
  • overflow incontinence
  • dribbling at end of urination
  • sensation of incomplete bladder emptying
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2
Q

complications untreated BPH (5)

A
  • kidney stones
  • bladder damage
  • pyelonephritis
  • UTIs
  • renal failure (postrenal cause)
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3
Q

Dx BPH/prostate cancer (6)

A
  • digital rectal exam
  • urine culture and sensitivity
  • post void residuals
  • cancer: blood PSA level (<4=normal)
  • cancer: gleason score
  • cystourethroscopy
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4
Q

major risk factor bladder cancer

A

smoking

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5
Q

meds for BPH if they have complications or more severe S+S (2)

A
  • alpha blockers (relax smooth muscle lining of urethra)

- alpha reductase inhibitors (shrink prostate)

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6
Q

common med ending for alpha blockers

A

-zosine

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7
Q

admin consideration for alpha blockers for BPH (2)

A
  • watch for orthostatic hypoTN

- measure bp before giving (lowers bp)

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8
Q

SE alpha blockers (6)

A
  • hypoTN
  • tachycardia
  • dizziness
  • fatigue
  • sexual dysfunction
  • fainting
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9
Q

common med ending for alpha reductase inhibitors

A

-asteride

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10
Q

important nursing consideration for alpha reductase inhibitors for BPH (2)

A
  • women who are pregnant/want to become pregnant shouldn’t handle these meds (can cause birth defects)
  • takes 12 weeks to see full benefit of meds
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11
Q

meds that pts with BPH shouldn’t take (3)

A
  • anticholinergics
  • antihistamines
  • decongestants
  • all can cause urinary retention
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12
Q

surgical options BPH (3)

A
  • transurethral microwave heat treatment
  • laser prostate ablation
  • TURP (transurethral resection of prostate)
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13
Q

TURP postop care (3)

A
  • triple lumen catheter with continuous irrigation
  • immediate postop pink-red urine is ok
  • keep track of I&Os (murphy drip mL)
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14
Q

meds that can help with bladder spasms after TURP (3)

A

antispasmodics:
- dicyclomine
- flavoxate
- belladonna & opium (B&O suppository)

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15
Q

SE antispasmodics (5)

A
  • dry mouth
  • increased HR
  • dizziness
  • constipation
  • blurred vision
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16
Q

complications post-op TURP (4)

A
  • hemorrhage
  • infection
  • urinary incontinence
  • DVT
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17
Q

malignant enlarged prostate

A

prostate cancer

18
Q

considerations for PSA blood tests when also doing digital rectal exam

A

get PSA blood test before digital rectal exam (can falsely elevate if taken after exam)

19
Q

Tx prostate cancer (3)

A
  • radiation
  • hormone therapy (antitestosterone treatments)
  • radical prostatectomy
20
Q

recommendation for how often men should get PSA tests

A

-start at 50 yo for screening

21
Q

common age testicular cancer

A

-males 15-35 yo

22
Q

S+S testicular cancer (3)

A
  • painless lump in scrotum
  • asymmetry
  • feeling of fullness
23
Q

Dx testicular cancer (4)

A
  • AFP and hCG levels
  • ultrasound
  • CT/MRI
  • biopsy of lump
24
Q

Tx testicular cancer (2)

A
  • first line: surgery (orchiectomy)

- chemo/radiation if metastases

25
Q

teaching for men 15-35 yo regarding testicular cancer

A
  • self exams every month

- after warm shower/bath

26
Q

collection of fluid around testicle and spermatic cord

A

hydrocele

27
Q

cluster of dilated veins in scrotal sac

A

varicocele

28
Q

S+S hydrocele

A
  • enlarged scrotum

- usually painless

29
Q

Dx hydrocele

A

aspiration of fluid

30
Q

Tx varicocele

A

ablation

31
Q

common causes erectile dysfunction (6)

A
  • meds (b blocker)
  • psych problems
  • thyroid/hormonal problems (hypothyroidism)
  • aging
  • previous prostatectomy
  • vascular disease (CV, diabetes)
32
Q

what can erectile dysfunction be early warning sign of

A

CAD

CV disease

33
Q

Tx erectile dysfunction

A

phosphodiesterase inhibitors

-common ending: -afil

34
Q

SE phosphodiesterase inhibitors for erectile dysfunction Tx (6)

A
  • *priapism (prolonged erection)
  • headache
  • flushing
  • dizziness
  • nasal congestion
  • dyspepsia
35
Q

painful erection for 6+ hours, medical emergency

A

priapism

36
Q

Tx priapism

A

needle removal of blood from penis

37
Q

contraindication for phosphodiesterase inhibitors

A
  • nitrates (nitroglycerin for CAD)

* profound hypoTN, cardiac arrest

38
Q

important question before giving nitroglycerin to men experiencing chest pain in ER

A

have you taken phosphodiesterase inhibitor in last 24 hours

39
Q

Tx prostatitis (2)

A
  • antibiotics

- stool softeners

40
Q

S+S prostatitis (2)

A
  • hematuria

- lower UTI symptoms

PathoPharm 2 (33 decks)

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