ch 56 inflammatory brain disorders

Question 1

risk factor bacterial meningitis

Answer 1

young adults living in close quarters

Question 2

S+S bacterial/viral meningitis (5)

Answer 2

• signs IICP
• general signs infection
• nuchal rigidity (positive kernigs sign)
• positive brudzinskis sign
• septicemia (w/ petechiae)

Question 3

what is a positive kernigs sign in bacterial meningitis

Answer 3

can’t touch chin to chest

Question 4

what is a positive brudzinskis sign in bacterial meningitis

Answer 4

lifting leg is painful

Question 5

complications bacterial meningitis (4)

Answer 5

• high mortality rate
• IICP
• neurologic deficits (vertigo)
• amputations

Question 6

diagnostics for bacterial/viral meningitis (2)

Answer 6

• blood culture

- lumbar puncture

Question 7

contraindication for lumbar puncture

Answer 7

IICP

Question 8

treatment for bacterial meningitis

Answer 8

IV antibiotics (even before diagnosis is confirmed)

Question 9

causes viral meningitis (2)

Answer 9

• herpes

- HIV

Question 10

treatment viral meningitis

Answer 10

antibiotics not effective

supportive therapy only

Question 11

causes encephalitis (3)

Answer 11

• viral
• common in pts with AIDS
• west nile virus

Question 12

S+S encephalitis (8)

Answer 12

• flu like symptoms
• hemiparesis
• tremors
• seizures
• palsies
• amnesia
• dysphagia
• memory impairment

Question 13

diagnostics for encephalitis

Answer 13

CT

blood viral testing

Question 14

treatment encephalitis (2)

Answer 14

• antiviral (acyclovir - IVPB)

- antiseizure meds

Question 15

S+S brain abscess (1)

Answer 15

-IICP

Question 16

treatment brain abscess (2)

Answer 16

• drain fluid

- antibiotics

Question 17

causes of brain abscess (2)

Answer 17

• untreated sinus infections

- dental infections

Question 18

cause of rabies

Answer 18

infected animal bite

Question 19

S+S rabies after 2-7 days and 7-14 days

Answer 19

2-7: neurologic symptoms

7-14: coma/death

Question 20

treatment rabies

Answer 20

prophylactic treatment
once symptoms start death is inevitable
ventrogluteal IM injection series

Question 21

how to lower fever with meningitis (3)

Answer 21

• acetaminophen
• cooling blanket
• tepid sponge bath
• lower gradually