ch 53 female repro disorders

Question 1

vaginal inflammatory condition associated with watery discharge, “fishy” smell, itching and redness
-common cause: e coli from stool

Answer 1

bacterial vaginosis

Question 2

Tx bacterial vaginosis

Answer 2

metronidazole

Question 3

vaginal inflammatory condition characterized by white, cheesy-like vaginal discharge

Answer 3

candidiasis

Question 4

admin considerations for metronidazole

Answer 4

do NOT take with alcohol

Question 5

Tx candidiasis

Answer 5

fluconazole

Question 6

vaginal inflammatory conditions characterized by frothy green yellow malodorous discharge

Answer 6

trichomoniasis

Question 7

Tx trichomoniasis

Answer 7

metronidazole

Question 8

admin considerations for fluconazole

Answer 8

take every other day (3x)

Question 9

what can frequent candidiasis infections indicate

Answer 9

may have diabetes mellitus

Question 10

puberty that begins before 8 yo

Answer 10

precocious puberty

Question 11

PMS S+S (6)

Answer 11

• headache
• swollen breasts
• increased acne
• abdominal pain
• moody
• increased stress

Question 12

drug therapy for PMS (4)

Answer 12

• diuretics (bloating)
• NSAIDs (pain)
• SSRIs (mood)
• oral contraceptives (for severe symptoms)

Question 13

pain during menstruation

Answer 13

dysmenorrhea

Question 14

long intervals between menses >35 days

Answer 14

oligomenorrhea

Question 15

absence of menses

Answer 15

amenorrhea

Question 16

irregular bleeding/spotting between menses

Answer 16

metrorrhagia

Question 17

excessive or prolonged menses

Answer 17

menorrhagia

Question 18

dysruption in menstrual cycle such as absence of ovulation

Answer 18

dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Question 19

common causes PID (2)

Answer 19

• chlamydia

- gonorrhea

Question 20

infectious condition of pelvic cavity that can extend to fallopian tubes and cause infertility

Answer 20

PID

Question 21

high risk pts for PID

Answer 21

-women >24 yo with multiple/new sex partners

Question 22

S+S PID (4)

Answer 22

• severe pelvic pain
• spotting after intercourse
• purulent vaginal discharge
• fever and chills (severe)

Question 23

Tx PID (6)

Answer 23

• antibiotic therapy (cefoxitin, doxycycline)
• corticosteroids
• no intercourse for 3 weeks
• physical rest and PO fluids
• heat, sitz baths
• surgery options (laparoscopy/hysterectomy)

Question 24

what complications can PID lead to (2)

Answer 24

• abscesses

- septicemia

Question 25

presence of normal endometrial tissue outside of endometrial cavity

Answer 25

endometriosis

Question 26

only definitive diagnosis endometriosis

Answer 26

-laparoscopic surgery

Question 27

S+S endometriosis (6)

Answer 27

- painful period - infertility - pelvic pain - pain with intercourse - irregular bleeding - chronic low back pain

Question 28

Tx endometriosis (4)

Answer 28

- NSAIDs - oral contraceptives - danazol or leurolide (antigonaditropin) - surgery options: laparotomy, total hysterectomy

Question 29

benign fibrous tumors of uterus

Answer 29

leiomyoma

Question 30

complication leiomyoma

Answer 30

infertility

Question 31

chronic disorder with numerous benign cysts on ovaries

Answer 31

polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)

Question 32

S+S PCOS (6)

Answer 32

- irregular menses - infertility - obesity - hirsutism - abnormal insulin resistance (leads to T2 DM) - can cause cardiovascular disease

Question 33

Tx PCOS (7)

Answer 33

- weight loss - oral contraceptives - spironolactone (for hirsutism) - flutamide and leuprolide (for hyperandrogenism) - metformin - clomiphene (fertility drug) - surgery option: hysterectomy

Question 34

primary risk factor cervical cancer

Answer 34

HPV

Question 35

when should women be screened for cervical cancer

Answer 35

- start at 21 yo (regardless of sexual activity) | - ages 21-65 screened q3years

Question 36

Dx cervical cancer

Answer 36

pap smear

Question 37

Tx early cervical cancer (2)

Answer 37

- colposcopy (w/ punch biopsy) | - cryotherapy with LEEP

Question 38

Tx metastasized cervical cancer (3)

Answer 38

- chemo/radiation - hysterectomy - total exenteration of pelvic organs

Question 39

primary prevention cervical cancer

Answer 39

HPV vaccine

Question 40

secondary prevention cervical cancer

Answer 40

screening with pap smear

Question 41

risk factors ovarian cancer

Answer 41

BRCA gene | family h/o

Question 42

S+S later stages ovarian cancer (4)

Answer 42

- pelvic pain - abdominal bloating - urinary urgency/frequency - feeling full quickly when eating

Question 43

Tx ovarian cancer (3)

Answer 43

- chemo - radiation - surgery

Question 44

major risk factor endometrial cancer

Answer 44

``` unopposed estrogen (most common after menopause, or women who don't have regular cycles) ```

Question 45

S+S endometrial cancer

Answer 45

post-menopausal bleeding

Question 46

Tx endometrial cancer (3)

Answer 46

- total hysterectomy - radiation/chemo if metastasized - hormone therapy: megestrol, tamoxifen

Question 47

downward displacement of uterus into vaginal cavity

Answer 47

uterine prolapse

Question 48

S+S uterine prolapse (3)

Answer 48

- dragging/heavy pelvic feeling - backache - bowel/bladder problems

Question 49

Tx mild uterine prolapse

Answer 49

kegel/PT

Question 50

Tx severe uterine prolapse

Answer 50

surgery with mesh (bladder suspension surgery)

Question 51

prolapse of urinary bladder into vaginal canal

Answer 51

cystocele

Question 52

prolapse of rectum into vaginal canal

Answer 52

rectocele

Question 53

Tx cystsocele/rectocele (3)

Answer 53

- kegel/PT - mild: pessary insertion to provide support - severe: surgery