ch 53 female repro disorders Flashcards
vaginal inflammatory condition associated with watery discharge, “fishy” smell, itching and redness
-common cause: e coli from stool
bacterial vaginosis
Tx bacterial vaginosis
metronidazole
vaginal inflammatory condition characterized by white, cheesy-like vaginal discharge
candidiasis
admin considerations for metronidazole
do NOT take with alcohol
Tx candidiasis
fluconazole
vaginal inflammatory conditions characterized by frothy green yellow malodorous discharge
trichomoniasis
Tx trichomoniasis
metronidazole
admin considerations for fluconazole
take every other day (3x)
what can frequent candidiasis infections indicate
may have diabetes mellitus
puberty that begins before 8 yo
precocious puberty
PMS S+S (6)
- headache
- swollen breasts
- increased acne
- abdominal pain
- moody
- increased stress
drug therapy for PMS (4)
- diuretics (bloating)
- NSAIDs (pain)
- SSRIs (mood)
- oral contraceptives (for severe symptoms)
pain during menstruation
dysmenorrhea
long intervals between menses >35 days
oligomenorrhea
absence of menses
amenorrhea
irregular bleeding/spotting between menses
metrorrhagia
excessive or prolonged menses
menorrhagia
dysruption in menstrual cycle such as absence of ovulation
dysfunctional uterine bleeding
common causes PID (2)
- chlamydia
- gonorrhea
infectious condition of pelvic cavity that can extend to fallopian tubes and cause infertility
PID
high risk pts for PID
-women >24 yo with multiple/new sex partners
S+S PID (4)
- severe pelvic pain
- spotting after intercourse
- purulent vaginal discharge
- fever and chills (severe)
Tx PID (6)
- antibiotic therapy (cefoxitin, doxycycline)
- corticosteroids
- no intercourse for 3 weeks
- physical rest and PO fluids
- heat, sitz baths
- surgery options (laparoscopy/hysterectomy)
what complications can PID lead to (2)
- abscesses
- septicemia
presence of normal endometrial tissue outside of endometrial cavity
endometriosis
only definitive diagnosis endometriosis
-laparoscopic surgery
S+S endometriosis (6)
- painful period
- infertility
- pelvic pain
- pain with intercourse
- irregular bleeding
- chronic low back pain
Tx endometriosis (4)
- NSAIDs
- oral contraceptives
- danazol or leurolide (antigonaditropin)
- surgery options: laparotomy, total hysterectomy
benign fibrous tumors of uterus
leiomyoma
complication leiomyoma
infertility
chronic disorder with numerous benign cysts on ovaries
polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
S+S PCOS (6)
- irregular menses
- infertility
- obesity
- hirsutism
- abnormal insulin resistance (leads to T2 DM)
- can cause cardiovascular disease
Tx PCOS (7)
- weight loss
- oral contraceptives
- spironolactone (for hirsutism)
- flutamide and leuprolide (for hyperandrogenism)
- metformin
- clomiphene (fertility drug)
- surgery option: hysterectomy
primary risk factor cervical cancer
HPV
when should women be screened for cervical cancer
- start at 21 yo (regardless of sexual activity)
- ages 21-65 screened q3years
Dx cervical cancer
pap smear
Tx early cervical cancer (2)
- colposcopy (w/ punch biopsy)
- cryotherapy with LEEP
Tx metastasized cervical cancer (3)
- chemo/radiation
- hysterectomy
- total exenteration of pelvic organs
primary prevention cervical cancer
HPV vaccine
secondary prevention cervical cancer
screening with pap smear
risk factors ovarian cancer
BRCA gene
family h/o
S+S later stages ovarian cancer (4)
- pelvic pain
- abdominal bloating
- urinary urgency/frequency
- feeling full quickly when eating
Tx ovarian cancer (3)
- chemo
- radiation
- surgery
major risk factor endometrial cancer
unopposed estrogen (most common after menopause, or women who don't have regular cycles)
S+S endometrial cancer
post-menopausal bleeding
Tx endometrial cancer (3)
- total hysterectomy
- radiation/chemo if metastasized
- hormone therapy: megestrol, tamoxifen
downward displacement of uterus into vaginal cavity
uterine prolapse
S+S uterine prolapse (3)
- dragging/heavy pelvic feeling
- backache
- bowel/bladder problems
Tx mild uterine prolapse
kegel/PT
Tx severe uterine prolapse
surgery with mesh (bladder suspension surgery)
prolapse of urinary bladder into vaginal canal
cystocele
prolapse of rectum into vaginal canal
rectocele
Tx cystsocele/rectocele (3)
- kegel/PT
- mild: pessary insertion to provide support
- severe: surgery
