ch 56 head injuries Flashcards
major complication of scalp laceration
infection
treatment scalp laceration (3)
- clean wound
- sterile saline irrigation
- staples
how to remove staples from staple laceration
remove every other staple first to make sure wound is closed, know how many doc put in
S+S basilar skull fracture (3)
- raccoon eyes
- battle sign (bruising around ears)
- drainage ears/nose (CSF leak)
important nursing considerations for any head injury
-DO NOT PUT NG TUBE IN UNTIL PT HAS CT TO RULE OUT BASILAR SKULL FRACTURE
S+S concussion (4)
- change in LOC
- amnesia
- headache
- short attention span
cause of contusion
blunt force trauma
most common: coup and counter coup
S+S diffuse axonal injury (DAI) (4)
- decreased LOC
- IICP
- decerebration
- global cerebral edema
what endocrine disorder can result from diffuse axonal injury
SIADH
S+S epidural hematoma (4)
- period of loss of consciousness
- brief lucid period then decreased LOC***
- headache
- N/V
treatment epidural hematoma (2)
- burr hole
- craniotomy/craniectomy
is epidural hematoma caused by arterial or venous bleed
arterial
more rapid
is subdural hematoma caused by arterial or venous bleed
venous
slower
S+S acute subdural hematoma (3)
- changes LOC
- dilated pupils
- IICP
primary diagnosis for all head injuries
CT
