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medical term > Ch 5 the Nervous System pt 1 > Flashcards

Ch 5 the Nervous System pt 1 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

cerebr/o encephal/o

A

brain

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2
Q

cerebell/o

A

cerebellum

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3
Q

lob/o

A

lobe

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4
Q

cephal/o

A

head

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5
Q

crani/o

A

head, skull

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6
Q

mening/o meningi/o

A

meninges (membrane surrounding brain and spinal cord)

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7
Q

dur/o

A

dura (tough outer membrane surrounding brain and spinal cord)

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8
Q

neur/o

A

nerve

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9
Q

gangli/o

A

nerve bundle

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10
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord, bone marrow

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11
Q

esthesi/o

A

feeling, sensation

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12
Q

phas/o

A

speech

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13
Q

phren/o, psych/o

A

mind

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14
Q

somn/o somn/i, hypn/o

A

sleep

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15
Q

gnosi/o

A

know

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16
Q

-mania

A

excessive desire

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17
Q

-phobia

A

excessive fear or sensativity

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18
Q

-paresis

A

slight or partial paralysis

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19
Q

ton/o

A

muscle tone, tension, pressure

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20
Q

tax/o

A

arrangement, order, coordination

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21
Q

-plegia

A

paralysis

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22
Q

-asthenia

A

weakness

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23
Q

aphasia

A

inability to speak

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24
Q

ataxia

A

lack of coordination

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25
Q

catatonia

A

condition characterized by reduced muscle tone

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26
Q

delirium

A

brief loss of mental function

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27
Q

dementia

A

loss/decline of mental function

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28
Q

dyskinesia

A

difficulty moving

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29
Q

dyslexia

A

difficulty reading

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30
Q

dysphasia

A

difficulty speaking

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31
Q

dystonia

A

condition characterized by involuntary muscle movements

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32
Q

insomnia

A

inability to sleep

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33
Q

myoclonus

A

muscle twitching

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34
Q

myospasm

A

involuntary muscle contraction

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35
Q

neurasthenia

A

nerve weakness

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36
Q

somnambulism

A

sleep walking

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37
Q

syncope

A

fainting; brain losing consciousness due to temporary loss of blood flow to brain

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38
Q

cephalgia

A

head pain

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39
Q

cephalodynia

A

head pain

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40
Q

encephalagia

A

brain pain

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41
Q

neuralgia

A

nerve pain

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42
Q

neurodynia

A

nerve pain

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43
Q

hemiparesis

A

partial paralysis on half of the body

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44
Q

hemiplegia

A

paralysis on half of the body

45
Q

monoparesis

A

partial paralysis of one limb

46
Q

monoplegia

A

paralysis of one limb

47
Q

paralysis

A

complete loss of sensation and motor function

48
Q

paresis

A

partial paralysis characterized by varying degrees of sensation and motor function

49
Q

causalgia

A

painful sensation of burning

50
Q

dysesthesia

A

bad feeling

51
Q

hyperesthesia

A

increased sensation

52
Q

paresthesia

A

abnormal sensation (usually numbness or tingling in skin)

53
Q

pseudoesthesia

A

false sensation

54
Q

synesthesia

A

condition where one sensation is experienced as another

55
Q

acrophobia

A

fear of heights

56
Q

agoraphobia

A

fear of outdoor spaces

57
Q

hydrophobia

A

fear of water

58
Q

kleptomania

A

desire to steal

59
Q

photophobia

A

extreme sensitivity to light

60
Q

pyromania

A

desire to set fire

61
Q

echoencephalography

A

procedure used to examine brain using sound waves

62
Q

electroencephalography

A

EEG
procedure used to examine electrical activity of brain

63
Q

lumbar puncture

A

LP
inserting needles into lumbar region of the spine in order to collect spinal fluid (spinal tap)

64
Q

cerebral angiography

A

procedure used to examine blood vessels in brain

65
Q

magnetic resonance angiography

A

procedure used to examine blood vessels

66
Q

myelogram

A

image of spinal cord, usually done using x-ray

67
Q

positron emission tomography scan

A

PET scan
imaging procedure that uses radiation to produce cross sections of brain

68
Q

transcranial Doppler sonography

A

imaging technique that produces image of brain using sound waves sent through skull

69
Q

cerebellitis

A

inflammation of cerebellum

70
Q

cerebral atrophy

A

wasting away of brain tissue

71
Q

duritis

A

inflammation of the dura

72
Q

encephalocele

A

hernia of brain (normally through defect in skull)

73
Q

hematoma

A

tumorlike mass made up of blood

74
Q

cranial hematoma

A

hematoma beneath the skull

75
Q

epidural hematoma

A

hematoma on top of the dura

76
Q

intracerebral hematoma

A

hematoma inside the brain

77
Q

subdural hematoma

A

hematoma beneath the dura

78
Q

macrocephally

A

abnormally large head

79
Q

microcephally

A

abnormally small head

80
Q

meningocele

A

hernia of meninges

81
Q

myelomalacia

A

abnormally softening of spinal cord

82
Q

myelomeningocele

A

hernia of spinal cord and meninges

83
Q

neuritis

A

nerve inflammation

84
Q

neuroma

A

nerve tumor

85
Q

neurosclerosis

A

hardening of nerves

86
Q

polyneuritis

A

inflammation of multiple nerves

87
Q

agnosia

A

inability to comprehend

88
Q

apathy

A

lack of emotion

89
Q

hyperkinesia

A

increase in muscle movement or activity

90
Q

neurasthenia

A

nerve weakness

91
Q

neuroglycopenia

A

deficiency of sugar that interferes with normal brain actility

92
Q

nystagmus

A

involuntary back and forth eye movement

93
Q

prospagnosia

A

inability to recognize faces

94
Q

anesthesiologist

A

doctor who specialized in anesthesiology

95
Q

afferent nerve

A

nerve that carries impulses TOWARD central nervous system

96
Q

efferent nerve

A

nerve that carries impulses AWAY from central nervous system

97
Q

neurogenic

A

originating from/created by nerves

98
Q

psychiatrist

A

doctor who specialized in treatment of mind

99
Q

psychogenic

A

originating in/created by mind

100
Q

psychology

A

branch of medicine that focuses on study of mind

101
Q

psychologist

A

doctor who specializes in study of mind

102
Q

psychosomatic

A

pertaining to relationship between body and mind

103
Q

idiopathic

A

having no known cause or orgin

104
Q

interical

A

time between seizure

105
Q

postical

A

time after seizure

106
Q

preictal

A

time before seizure

107
Q

tonic

A

pertaining to muscle tone (usually weak or unresponsive)

108
Q

clonus

A

muscle spasms or twitching

109
Q

tonic-clonic seizure

A

seizure characterized by tonic and clonic phase

medical term (45 decks)

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