Ch 5: integumentary system Flashcards
Epidermis
Superficial layer in the skin (5 strata)
Dermis
Deep layer in the skin
(2 layer)
Stratum corneum
Top layer, keratinized layer
Stratum lucidum
Translucent layer only found in thick skin
Stratum granulosum
Contains tiny granules that form keratin
Stratum Spinosum
Contains tiny edges of cells
Stratum basale
Basement membrane held by hemisosomes
- has highest level of mitotic activity
Layers in the dermis
Papillary layer of the dermis (super 1/5)
Particular layer (deep 4/5)
Meissner corpuscle
Detect two point touch
Pacinian corpuscles
Detect, deep pressure
Free nerve endings
Detect pain
Sebaceous gland
Contained natural antibiotic properties to lubricate and protect the hair 
Arrector pili
Contracts, forming goosebumps that makes hair stand up
Papillary layer
Forms, finger and toe prints
How many layers are there in the skin?
Two General layers
What cell anchors to the basement membrane?
Hemidesmosomes 
What layer is missing from the epidermidis?
Stratum lucidum
How many thick layers are there?
Five
How many thin layers are there?
Four
Function of the integumentary system
Protection against abrasion and radiation
What epithelial tissue is in the hypodermis?
Adipose tissue
What is the function of the subcutaneous tissue
Energy source, insulation, and padding
What are the three types of cells in the subcutaneous tissue?
Fibroblast, adipose cells, macrophages
What Is the name for macrophages in the blood?
Monocytes
What connective tissue is in the epidermis?
stratified squamous?
What is the purpose of melanin?
Protection against UV light
What are the three body parts that are composed of melanin?
Eyes, skin, hair
What are melanocytes
Processes extend between keratinocytes
What basement membrane is melanocytes in?
In the stratum Basale, In the epidermis 
What is Carolene?
Yellow pigment from vegetables (carrots) accumulated in stratum corneum
Albinism
Deficiency of absence of payments from genetics
What are the three factors of skin color?
Pigment, blood circulation, thickness of stratum corneum
Cyanosis
Blue color caused by a decrease in blood oxygen content
What layer is the external epithelial root sheath in?
Layer from the epidermis
What layer is the internal epithelial root sheath in?
Stratum basale
Ceruminous gland
- earwax
- sweat, gland, external auditory meaturs
Mammary gland
Modified apocrine sweat glands
What is another name for the cuticle?
Eponychium
Nail root
Highest rate of mitotic activity
Arterioles
Change in diameter as the temperature changes
What initiates the calcium absorption
The skin in the integumentary system
What activates vitamin D in the urinary system
The kidney 
What is the purpose of vitamin D?
To absorb calcium
What is the function of calcium
-bone formation
-Clotting
-Nerve and muscle function
What happens when we age?
-collagen decreases
-wrinkling increases due to elastic fibers decreasing
-Decrease in blood supply
First-degree burns
Only in epidermidis
Second-degree burns
 Damages epidermis and upper dermis
Third-degree burn
Destroys dermis, epidermidis and hypodermis
Rule of 9’s
Head: 9%
Torso: 9%
- anterior:18%
- posterior:18%
Upper limb: 9% each
Lower limb: 18%
- anterior: 9%
- posterior: 9%
Genitalia: 1%
There is a burn to the right upper arm, and only burned that the epidermis
9% surface area and 1st degree burn
ABCDE malignant melanoma
A: asymmetry
B: border (smooth/rigid)
C: color (light/dark)
D: diameter (expanding)
E: evolves ( short/long time frame)
