Ch 4: Tissues Flashcards
Histology
Microscopic study of tissues
Biopsy
Removal of tissues for diagnostic purposes
What are the tissue classification
- epithelial
- connective
- muscle
- Nervous
What is the endoderm layer
- inner layer
- Forms lining of digestive tract and derivatives
What is the mesoderm layer
- middle layer
- forms tissue as such muscle, bone, and blood vessels
What is the ectoderm layer
- outer layer
- forms skin and neuroectoderm
Epithelial tissue
- protects underlying structures
- acts as barriers
- secretes and absorbs substances
Epithelial characteristics
- consists almost entirely of cells
- covers body surfaces (lining) and forms glands
Extracellular
Formed by secretions of epithelium and connective tissue
- guides cell migration during tissue repair
Simple ( layer of cells)
One layer of cells
Stratified (layer of cells)
More than one layer of cells
Squamous shape
Flat, scale like
Cuboidal shape
Equal in height and width
Columnar shape
Taller than wide
What happens to Transitional epithelium for urinary bladder
Cuboidal (empty) to squamous shape (full bladder) then back to cuboidal again
Pseudostratisfied
Tissue appears to be stratified, but all all cells are in basement membrane associated with cilia and goblet cells
Transitional epithelium
Cells that transition between cuboidal and squamous (urinary system)
Function of simple
Allows diffusion of gases, filtration of blood, secretion & absorption
Function of stratified
Protection against absorption
Function of squamous
Allows diffusion or act as a filter
Function of cuboidal and columnar
Secretion or absorption. Also associated with goblet cells
Smooth structure
Reduce friction
Microvilli
Increase surface area for absorption or secretion
Cillia
Moves substances across surface
Sterocilia
Elongated mocrovilli for secretion and absorption
Folds
Allow organ to change shape and stretch (urinary system)
What’s an example of Rugae
Folds inside the stomach
What area is something keratinized in?
Only in stratisified squamous
What epithelial structure is in the respiratory tract?
Goblet cells with cilliated columnar epithelium
Where is simple squamous epi located
Lining of blood vessels (tubules in kidney)
What location is simple cuboidal
Glands and ducts
What location is simple columnar
Uterus, gallbladder, and bile ducts
What location is stratified squamous epi
Keratinized—> skin
Or
Non-keratinized—> mouth, throat
What is location for stratified cuboidal epi
Sweat glands
What is the location for stratified columnar epi
Ducts in mammary glands
What’s the location for ciliated pseudostratified columnar epi
Respiratory tract with goblet cells
