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Anatomy > Ch 3: Histology And Tissue Types > Flashcards

Ch 3: Histology And Tissue Types Flashcards

1
Q

Tissue

A

Group of similar cells performing the same function

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2
Q

Histology

A

Study of Tissues

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3
Q

Nervous Tissue

A
  • Brain
    • Spinal cord
    • Excitable to send messages
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4
Q

Epithelial Tissue

A
  • Lines glands
    • Protection, secretion, absorption
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5
Q

Muscle Tissue

A
  • Cardiac
    • Smooth
    • Skeletal
    • Cells contract
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6
Q

Connective Tissue

A
  • Fat
    • Bone
    • Tendon
    • Support bind and protect organs
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7
Q

Avascular

A

means no blood cells

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8
Q

junction types

A
  • Tight junction
    • Gap junction
    • Desmosome
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9
Q

basal

A

bottom

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10
Q

apical

A

top

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11
Q

Epithelial Characteristics

A
  • Basal(bottom) and apical(top) surface
  • One or more layers
  • Form surfaces
  • Closely adhered
  • Polarity: apical and basal layer (basal membrane)
  • Cellularity
  • Avascular
    • Means no blood cells
  • Highly innervated
  • High regeneration
  • Form junctions
    • Tight junction
    • Gap junction
    • Desmosome
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12
Q

Cell shape

A
  • Squamous
    • Cuboidal
    • Columnar
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13
Q

Epithelial class

A
  • Simple
    • Pseudostratified columnar
    • Stratified
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14
Q

2 types of epithelial

A

simple
stratified

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15
Q

simple squamous

A

alveoli

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16
Q

simple cuboidal

A
  • Renal tubules
    • Ducts of exocrine gland
    • Germinal cuboidal cells (testes ovaries)
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17
Q

simple columnar

A
  • Ciliated
    - Lining of fallopian tube
    • Non ciliated
      • Stomach lining
      • Small intestine
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18
Q

Pseudo stratified columnar

A
  • Long nucleus at top, small at bottom
    • Goblet cells used for secretion
    • Ciliated
      • Nasal cavity
      • Trachea & bronchial lining
    • Non-ciliated
      • Prostate lining
      • Membrane of vas deferens
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19
Q

Stratified squamous - keratinized

A
  • Skin
    • Palm of hands
    • Sole of feet
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20
Q

Stratified squamous - non-keratinized

A
  • Oral cavity
    • Vagina
    • Rectum
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21
Q

Stratified cuboidal

A
  • Lines sweat glands
    • Salivary glands
    • Mammary glands
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22
Q

Transitional

A
  • Lining urinary tract
    • Ureters
    • Bladder
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23
Q

Regeneration

A
  • Replacement of dead cells
24
Q

Fibrosis

A
  • Scar tissue development
25
Q

Atrophy

A

Reduction in size or number

26
Q

Necrosis

A

Pathological death of tissue

27
Q

Infarction

A

cut off blood supply

28
Q

Gangrene

A

insufficient blood supply

29
Q

Apoptosis

A

Programmed cell death

30
Q

Hyperplasia

A

Cell multiplication
ie: calus

31
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Enlargement of cells
ie: weightlifting

32
Q

Neoplasia

A

Tumor development

33
Q

Differentiation

A
  • Specialization of form or function
34
Q

Metaplasia

A
  • Change from one tissue to another
35
Q

Connective tissue function

A
  • Bind organs
    • Support
    • Physical protection
    • Immune protection
    • Movement
    • Storage
    • Heat production
    • Transport
36
Q

collagen fiber

A
  • Tough and flexible
    - White fibers of tendons and ligaments
  • connective tissure
37
Q

Reticular

A
  • Thin collagen fiber
    - Framework of spleen and lymph nodes
38
Q

Elastic

A
  • Stretch and recoil
    - Abundent in lungs
39
Q

Loose connective tissue

A

Areolar
Adipose
Reticular

40
Q

Areolar

A
  • Abundant
    - Binds epithelia to deeper tissue
    - Ie: skin(papillary layer of dermis), external openings
41
Q

Adipose

A
  • Stores energy
    - Protection
    - Ie:
    - Packed around internal organs
42
Q

Reticular

A
  • Supports lymphatic organs
    - Ie:
    - Lymphoid organs
    - Spleen
    - Liver
43
Q

Dense tissue

A

Regular
Irregular

44
Q

Regular

A
  • Highly organized fibers
    - Mainly fibroblasts
    - Ie:
    - Tendons and ligaments
    - Elastic tissue (vocal cords)
45
Q

Irregular

A
  • Random arrangement of fibers
    - Resists stress
    - Most of dermis
    - Protective capsules
46
Q

Supporting connective tissue

A

Cartilage
Bone

47
Q

Cartilage types

A

Hyaline
Fibrocartilage
Elastic

48
Q

Hyaline

A
  • Typically in trachea
    - Purple blue cell like
49
Q

Fibrocartilage

A
  • Found in discs in spine
    - Pink purple fibrous
50
Q

Elastic

A
  • Blue and bulbous
    - Found in ear
51
Q

Chondroblasts

A
  • Cells that secrete cartilage matrix
52
Q

Lacunae

A
  • Small cavity that surrounds a chondrocyte
53
Q

Chondrocyte

A
  • Cartilage cells in lacunae
54
Q

Bone type

A

Spongy
Compact

55
Q

Compact Bone

A
  • Central canal
    - Lamellae
    - Osteon
    - Osteocytes
    - Canaliculi
    - Periosteum
56
Q

Nervous tissue

A
  • Neurological (glia) cells
    • Support neurons
  • Neurons
    • Parts of cell
      • Neurosoma
      • Dendrites
      • Axon

Anatomy (19 decks)

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