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anatomy > ch 3 > Flashcards

ch 3 Flashcards

1
Q

epithelial tissue is found

A

covers organ surfaces
lines body cavity/ forms glands
protects, secretes, and absorbs
double sided

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2
Q

epithelial tissue made of

A

avascular, closely spaced cells

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3
Q

epithelial cell mitosis rate

A

high

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4
Q

basement membrane is made of

A

membrane of collagen fibers/ glycoproteins

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5
Q

basement membrane role

A

separates the EP form underlying connective tissue

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6
Q

classes of epithelium

A

simple, pseudo stratified columnar, stratified

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7
Q

cell shapes

A

squamous, cuboidal, columnar

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8
Q

ciliated cell

A

cilia on atypical surface, hair like

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9
Q

specialization of epithelial cell types

A

ciliated, with microvilli, with goblet cells, keratinized, non keratinized

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10
Q

microvilli

A

microvilli one apical surface,
wavelike, increases surface area/ more absorption

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11
Q

goblet cells

A

make mucus

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12
Q

kerantinized

A

layers of dead, flaky cells packed with keratin, waterproofed

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13
Q

nonkeranitzed

A

found in moist areas mouth ermm idkkkkkk, may be alive

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14
Q

connective tissue features

A

diverse, abundant, make up less space than matrix, varies in vascularity

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15
Q

connective tissue function

A

support, connects, and protects organs

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16
Q

connective tissue types (5)

A

fibrous, adipose tissue, cartilage, bone, blood

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17
Q

fibrous tissue contains

A

cells, ground substance, fibers

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18
Q

fibroblast

A

cell,Connects,
makes and secrets fibers

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19
Q

macrophages

A

cell, connects,
phagocytic

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20
Q

leukocytes

A

cell, connects
White blood cells, immune

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21
Q

adipocytes

A

cell, connects
fat storing cell

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22
Q

collagen fibers

A

connects,
strong and flexible NOT stretchy

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23
Q

reticular fibers

A

connects
provides a spongy framework
reticular

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24
Q

ground substance of fibrous CT

A

extracellular matrix, well hydrated

glycosaminoglycans
proteoglycans
adhesive glycans

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24
Q

elastic fibers

A

connects,
can stretch and recoil

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25
Q

basal surface

A

bottom edge or adjacent to the basement membrane

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26
Q

apical surface

A

faces the lumen (inner cavity of an organ)

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27
Q

where is simple Squamous epithlium found

A

external lining of small. intestines, alveoli of lungs

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28
Q

where is simple cuboidal epithelium found

A

kindey tubules, mammary glands

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29
Q

where are simple columnar epithelium with microvilli and goblet cells found

A

internal surface of small intestines

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30
Q

where is ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells found

A

trachea

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31
Q

where is keratinized stratified squamous epithelium cells found

A

skin

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32
Q

where are nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium cells found

A

mouth

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33
Q

where is stratified cuboidal epithelium cells found

A

sweat glands

34
Q

where are transitional epithelium cells found

A

bladder

35
Q

types of fibrous connective tissue (2)

A

loose and dense

36
Q

areolar tissue

A

loose
highly vascularized
underlies most epithelia

37
Q

reticular tissue

A

loose
reticular fibers
in spongy organs
spleen, lymph

38
Q

dense regular connective tissue consist of

A

collagen fiber in one dicrection

39
Q

wehere is dense regular connective tissue found

A

tendons and ligaments

40
Q

elastic tissue is found in

A

dense
elastic fibers
found in vocal chords

41
Q

dense irregular connective tissue

A

densely packed with collagen
in dermis of skin

42
Q

white adipose tissue function

A

store triglycerides
in adults
thermoinsulation, cushion, energy storage

43
Q

brown adipose tissue function

A

in babies and shit
heat generating

44
Q

what is cartilage

A

flexible rubbery matrix
avascular
connective tissue

45
Q

chondroblast

A

producing cartilage

46
Q

chondrocytes

A

mature chondroblast, in that pocket thingy from the book

47
Q

hyaline cartilage

A

bone development
supports respiratory tract
articular surface of bone!!

48
Q

fibrocartilage

A

similar to tendon
intervertebral disc
meniscus of knee

49
Q

elastic cartilage

A

flexible, elastic support
helix of ear- epiglottis

50
Q

spongy bone

A

crystallized matrix of calcium and phosphate
open network
vascular

51
Q

compact bone

A

crystallized matrix of calcium and phosphate
densely packed
vascular

52
Q

blood

A

fluid connective tissue

53
Q

blood function

A

deliver nutrients, gases, and waste

54
Q

plasma

A

fluid ground substance

55
Q

formed blood elements

A

erythrocytes, leukocytes, plalets

56
Q

Excitability

A

ability to respond to stimuli by changing membrane potential

57
Q

membrane potential

A

electrical charge diff that occurs across the cell membrane

58
Q

volt change in nerve cells

A

transmits signals

59
Q

volt change in muscle cells

A

contracts

60
Q

nervous tissue

A

for communication by electrical and chemical signals

61
Q

neurons funcitons

A

detect stimuli, respond, transmit coded info to cells

62
Q

neuroglia/ glial cells

A

protect and assist neurons
nervous system housekeepers

63
Q

muscular tissue

A

Elongated cells that contract in response to stimuli
exerts force on other tissue and orgnas

64
Q

movement muscle is involved in

A

moving, digestion, waste elimination, breathing, speech, blood circulation

65
Q

mucous membrane

A

lines passageway to openings
like mouth

66
Q

lamina propria

A

areolar tissue under mucous membrane

67
Q

muscular mucosae

A

smooth muscle under mucous membrane

68
Q

serous membrane

A

lines body cavities (pericardium, pleura)
double walled
has fluid

69
Q

epithelium under serous

A

simple squamous

70
Q

epithelium under mucous

A

varies

71
Q

ct under serous layer

A

thin areolar

72
Q

hyperplasia

A

growth thru cell manipulation

73
Q

hypertrophy

A

enlargement of preexisting cells

74
Q

neoplasia

A

development of a tumor (abnormal nonfunctional tissue)

75
Q

differentiation

A

development of more specialized form and function by unspecialized tissue

76
Q

metaplasia

A

one type of mature tissue to another

77
Q

regneration

A

replacement of dead/damaged cells
thru enlargment or increasing number

78
Q

fibrosis

A

replacement of damaged cells with scar tissue

79
Q

atrophy

A

shrinkage of tissue thru lose in cell number/size

80
Q

necrosis

A

pathological tissue death due to trauma/toxins/infections

81
Q

infraction

A

sudden death of tissue when blood is cut off

82
Q

gangrene

A

tissue death bc insufficient tblood supply

83
Q

apoptosis

A

programed cell death

anatomy (22 decks)

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