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ch 3 Flashcards

1
Q

epithelial tissue is found

A

covers organ surfaces
lines body cavity/ forms glands
protects, secretes, and absorbs
double sided

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2
Q

epithelial tissue made of

A

avascular, closely spaced cells

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3
Q

epithelial cell mitosis rate

A

high

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4
Q

basement membrane is made of

A

membrane of collagen fibers/ glycoproteins

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5
Q

basement membrane role

A

separates the EP form underlying connective tissue

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6
Q

classes of epithelium

A

simple, pseudo stratified columnar, stratified

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7
Q

cell shapes

A

squamous, cuboidal, columnar

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8
Q

ciliated cell

A

cilia on atypical surface, hair like

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9
Q

specialization of epithelial cell types

A

ciliated, with microvilli, with goblet cells, keratinized, non keratinized

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10
Q

microvilli

A

microvilli one apical surface,
wavelike, increases surface area/ more absorption

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11
Q

goblet cells

A

make mucus

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12
Q

kerantinized

A

layers of dead, flaky cells packed with keratin, waterproofed

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13
Q

nonkeranitzed

A

found in moist areas mouth ermm idkkkkkk, may be alive

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14
Q

connective tissue features

A

diverse, abundant, make up less space than matrix, varies in vascularity

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15
Q

connective tissue function

A

support, connects, and protects organs

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16
Q

connective tissue types (5)

A

fibrous, adipose tissue, cartilage, bone, blood

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17
Q

fibrous tissue contains

A

cells, ground substance, fibers

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18
Q

fibroblast

A

cell,Connects,
makes and secrets fibers

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19
Q

macrophages

A

cell, connects,
phagocytic

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20
Q

leukocytes

A

cell, connects
White blood cells, immune

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21
Q

adipocytes

A

cell, connects
fat storing cell

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22
Q

collagen fibers

A

connects,
strong and flexible NOT stretchy

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23
Q

reticular fibers

A

connects
provides a spongy framework
reticular

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24
Q

ground substance of fibrous CT

A

extracellular matrix, well hydrated

glycosaminoglycans
proteoglycans
adhesive glycans

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24
elastic fibers
connects, can stretch and recoil
25
basal surface
bottom edge or adjacent to the basement membrane
26
apical surface
faces the lumen (inner cavity of an organ)
27
where is simple Squamous epithlium found
external lining of small. intestines, alveoli of lungs
28
where is simple cuboidal epithelium found
kindey tubules, mammary glands
29
where are simple columnar epithelium with microvilli and goblet cells found
internal surface of small intestines
30
where is ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells found
trachea
31
where is keratinized stratified squamous epithelium cells found
skin
32
where are nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium cells found
mouth
33
where is stratified cuboidal epithelium cells found
sweat glands
34
where are transitional epithelium cells found
bladder
35
types of fibrous connective tissue (2)
loose and dense
36
areolar tissue
loose highly vascularized underlies most epithelia
37
reticular tissue
loose reticular fibers in spongy organs spleen, lymph
38
dense regular connective tissue consist of
collagen fiber in one dicrection
39
wehere is dense regular connective tissue found
tendons and ligaments
40
elastic tissue is found in
dense elastic fibers found in vocal chords
41
dense irregular connective tissue
densely packed with collagen in dermis of skin
42
white adipose tissue function
store triglycerides in adults thermoinsulation, cushion, energy storage
43
brown adipose tissue function
in babies and shit heat generating
44
what is cartilage
flexible rubbery matrix avascular connective tissue
45
chondroblast
producing cartilage
46
chondrocytes
mature chondroblast, in that pocket thingy from the book
47
hyaline cartilage
bone development supports respiratory tract articular surface of bone!!
48
fibrocartilage
similar to tendon intervertebral disc meniscus of knee
49
elastic cartilage
flexible, elastic support helix of ear- epiglottis
50
spongy bone
crystallized matrix of calcium and phosphate open network vascular
51
compact bone
crystallized matrix of calcium and phosphate densely packed vascular
52
blood
fluid connective tissue
53
blood function
deliver nutrients, gases, and waste
54
plasma
fluid ground substance
55
formed blood elements
erythrocytes, leukocytes, plalets
56
Excitability
ability to respond to stimuli by changing membrane potential
57
membrane potential
electrical charge diff that occurs across the cell membrane
58
volt change in nerve cells
transmits signals
59
volt change in muscle cells
contracts
60
nervous tissue
for communication by electrical and chemical signals
61
neurons funcitons
detect stimuli, respond, transmit coded info to cells
62
neuroglia/ glial cells
protect and assist neurons nervous system housekeepers
63
muscular tissue
Elongated cells that contract in response to stimuli exerts force on other tissue and orgnas
64
movement muscle is involved in
moving, digestion, waste elimination, breathing, speech, blood circulation
65
mucous membrane
lines passageway to openings like mouth
66
lamina propria
areolar tissue under mucous membrane
67
muscular mucosae
smooth muscle under mucous membrane
68
serous membrane
lines body cavities (pericardium, pleura) double walled has fluid
69
epithelium under serous
simple squamous
70
epithelium under mucous
varies
71
ct under serous layer
thin areolar
72
hyperplasia
growth thru cell manipulation
73
hypertrophy
enlargement of preexisting cells
74
neoplasia
development of a tumor (abnormal nonfunctional tissue)
75
differentiation
development of more specialized form and function by unspecialized tissue
76
metaplasia
one type of mature tissue to another
77
regneration
replacement of dead/damaged cells thru enlargment or increasing number
78
fibrosis
replacement of damaged cells with scar tissue
79
atrophy
shrinkage of tissue thru lose in cell number/size
80
necrosis
pathological tissue death due to trauma/toxins/infections
81
infraction
sudden death of tissue when blood is cut off
82
gangrene
tissue death bc insufficient tblood supply
83
apoptosis
programed cell death

anatomy (22 decks)

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