Ch 27: Dictatorship and WWII Flashcards
Before totalitarianism, what was the traditional form of antidemocratic government in europe?
conservative authoritarianism
radical dictatorship that exercises “total claims” over the beliefs and behavior of citizens. Took control of economic, intellectual, social, and cultural parts of society
totalitarianism
What was the difference between communism and fascism?
Fascism didn’t promot social leveling like communism did
Movement characterized by extreme, often expansionist nationalism, anti socialism, a dynamic and violent leader, and glorification of war and the military
fascism
Fascism claimed to strive to build a new community on a _______ level
national
What are some similarities between communists and fascists?
- Promised to improve life for workers
- hated liberalism and democracy
doctrine that said that selective breeding of humans could improve characteristics of the population
eugenics
Communists and fascists were sworn ________
enemies
_____ established the basic outlines of totalitarianism in Russia
Lenin
Plan that aimed at modernizing the Soviet Union and creation a new Communist society with new attitudes, new loyalties, and a new socialist humanity
5 year plan
Who launched the five year plan?
Stalin
Lenin replaced war communism with the __________________, which re-established limited economic freedom in an attempt to rebuild agriculture and industry
New Economic Policy (NEP)
Did the NEP work?
Yes, it was a political and economic success
What problem arose just as the economy was starting to get better in Russia?
Lenin died without a chosen successor
Who were the two main candidates fighting for power after Lenins death?
Stalin and Trotsky
This candidate for Russian power was a good organizer, poor speaker/writer, and had no experience outside of russia
Stalin
Inspiring leader who had planned the 1917 Bolshevik takeover and created the Red Army
Trotsky
Why did Stalin win over Trotsky?
- he was better at getting support from the party
- he was bale to relate Marxist teaching to soviet realities
Stalins theory that said the the soviet union had the ability to build socialism on its own, was more appealing to the majority of the population
“Socialism in one country”
Trotsky’s theory that socialism in the Soviet Union could only succeed in a socialist revolution swept Europe
“Permanent Revolution”
Stalin argued for more ____________ control of non Russian nations within the Soviet Union
centralized
the NEP ended when __________ came to power
stalin
What were the guidelines for the first five year plan?
- increase industry and agriculture
- peasants to give up private plots to join collective farms
Forced consolidation of individual peasant farms into large state controlled enterprises
Collectivization
Class of well off peasants who had most benefited from the NEP, focus of Stalin’s repression
Kulaks
Where was collectivization most rapid/violent
ukraine
What was more successful under the five year plan, agriculture or industry?
Industry
