Ch 26: The Age of Anxiety Flashcards
German philosopher who believed that reason, progress, and respectability were constructs that suffocated excellence, rejected religion though he was the son of a lutheran minister
Friederich Nietzsche
Nietzsche’s book in which he said that the west had overemphasized rationality and stifled authentic passions and animal instincts
Untimely Meditations
Nietzsche warned that wester society was entering a period of _______, the idea that human life is without meaning, truth, or purpose
nihilism
Nietzsche’s ideas were fundamental to the rise of the philosophy of _____________
existentialism
idea that what we know myst be base on empirically proven facts, concluded that theology was meaningless because it could not be proven
logical positivism
What Austrian philosopher became associated with Logical positivism
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Wittgenstein believed that philosophy should focus on the study of _________
language
Where was logical positivism most popular as World War I progressed?
english speaking countries
a philosophy that stresses the meaningless of existence and the importance of the individual in searching for moral values in an uncertain world
existentialism
As World War I progressed, where was existentialism most popular?
continental Europe
What were most existentialists beliefs in god and religion ?
most were atheists
How did existentialism gain popularity in Germany in the 1920’s?
Philosophers Martin Heidegger and Karl Jaspers found an audience in post war university students
When and where did existentialism become the most popular?
France during and immediately after World War II
The decades after World War I witnessed a ________ revival
religious
people who stressed human’s sinful nature, their need for faith, and the mystery of god’s forgiveness
Christian Existentialists
Christian revival was spread by the work of _____________
Kierkegaard
What was Kierkegaard’s main belief on religion?
It was impossible to prove hesitance of god, but rejected the notion that christianity was an empty practice
Kierkegaard’s essay that said that people must take a leap of faith and accept an unknowable but awesome god
Sickness Unto Death
Protestant theologian who said that religion shouldn’t be approached with reason, but with trust and obedience
Karl Barth
This new wave of science challenged the comfort that came with the rational viewpoint that all science could be empirically proven
The New Physics
What was the first step to New Physics?
The discovery that atoms were made of smaller particles
What was the implication of Planck’s quantum theory?
People began to question whether matter and energy were the same thing
Einstein’s theory that time and space are relative to the observer and only the speed of light remains constant
Theory of Special Relativity
What was this age in physics called?
the heroic age in physics