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AP European History > Ch 23: The Age of Nationalism > Flashcards

Ch 23: The Age of Nationalism Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the beliefs of Louis napoleon?

A

The government should represent people, work to benefit the economy, and make efforts to help rich and poor

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2
Q

Napoleon was required by the constitution to share power with a very ______________ National Assembly

A

Conservative

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3
Q

Why did Napoleon sign some bills increasing the role of the church in education and decreasing male suffrage?

A

He wanted the National Assembly to allow him to run for another term and pay his national debts

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4
Q

What was Napoleons reaction to the National Assembly refusing to elect him for a second term?

A

He staged a coup d’état

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5
Q

Napoleon restores _________________

A

Universals male suffrage

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6
Q

How did the people react to Napoleon after the coup d’état?

A

They elected him as a hereditary emperor

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7
Q

How did Napoleon support economic growth?

A
  • public works projects
  • promoted banks
  • promote railroad construction
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8
Q

Was Napoleon a nationalist?

A

Yes

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9
Q

This social class denounced napoleons middle class rule

A

Liberal middle class

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10
Q

How did Napoleon respond to the demands of the middle class?

A

Progressive liberalization

-gave the National Assembly more power and opposing candidates more freedom

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11
Q

What did the new constitution passed under Napoleon entail?

A

-a parliamentary regime with a hereditary emperor as chief

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12
Q

Italians wanted ____________

A

Unification

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13
Q

What was the first approach to Italian unification?

A

Giuseppe Mazzini called for a centralized democratic republic based on male suffrage and the will of the people

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14
Q

What was the second approach to Italian unification?

A

Vincenzo Gioberti called for a federation of existing states under a progressive pope

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15
Q

What was the 3rd approach to Italian unification?

A

-Italy united under Sardinia, led by King Victory Emmanuel II

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16
Q

The papacy ______________ unification

A

Opposed

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17
Q

In which Pope Pius IX denounced rationalism, socialism, and religious liberty

A

Syllabus of Europe

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18
Q

Who was the statesmen who led Sardinia?

A

Camillo Benso De Cavour

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19
Q

Cavour had limited and ___________ national goals

A

Realistic

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20
Q

What did Cavour want in regards to unification?

A

Wanted central and northern Italy United under an expanded Sardinia

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21
Q

Who did Cavour ally with to drive Austria out of Italy?

A

Napoleon III

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22
Q

Why did Napoleon abandon Italy?

A

Criticism from French Catholics in supporting the popes enemy

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23
Q

What was the compromise that Napoleon made with Austria?

A

Sardinia would receive only Lombardy

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24
Q

Italian super patriot who thought unification was only half done

A

Giuseppe Garibaldi

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25
Q

Garibaldi’ guerrilla army that invaded Sicily in 1860 in an attempt to liberate it

A

Red shirts

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26
Q

Why was there tension between Prussia and Austria?

A

Prussian King had previously tried and failed to unify them

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27
Q

Austria had not been included in the _____________

A

Zollverein

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28
Q

Prussian parliament was in the hands of who?

A

Liberal middle class

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29
Q

Who was the King of Prussia?

A

William I

30
Q

Who was the prime mister of Prussia?

A

Count Otto Von Bismarck

31
Q

Bismarck collected ________ without parliamentary approval

A

Taxes

32
Q

What was the slogan of Bismarck?

A

Might makes right

33
Q

Why did was break out between Austria and Prussia?

A

Bismarck wanted complete control of the northern Protestant part of the confederation.

34
Q

How long did the Austria-Prussia war last?

A

7 weeks

35
Q

Prussia defeats Austria at the battle of __________

A

Sadowa

36
Q

What were the generous peace terms settled on between Austria and Prussia?

A
  • Austria pays no repression or loses any territory

- has to stay out of German affairs

37
Q

Final act in German unification

A

The Franco-Prussian war

38
Q

Why did Besmarck want war with France?

A

He thought it would drive the southern German territories into his arms

39
Q

Who won the Franco-Prussian war?

A

Prussia

40
Q

France had to endure __________ peace terms with Prussia

A

Harsh

41
Q

Conflict over Russian desire to spread into ottoman territory

A

Crimeon war

42
Q

Who defeated Russia in the Crimean war?

A

France, Great Britain, Ottoman Empire, Sardinia

43
Q

What were the effects of the Crimean war on Russia?

A

Showed them the power of machinery and modernization

44
Q

Liberal leaning tsar of Russian who started a campaign of reform and modernization

A

Alexander II of Russia

45
Q

What’s Russian social or industrial reform more effective?

A

Industrial

46
Q

A member from this anar hits group assassinated Alexander II, bringing modernization to an abrupt end

A

Peoples will

47
Q

Finance minister who led Russia’s second wave of industry

A

Sergei Witte

48
Q

How did Sergei Witte promote industry?

A
  • railroad building
  • protective tariffs,
  • put country on the gold standard
49
Q

A massacre of peaceful protesters at Winter palace that sparked the Russian revolution

A

Bloody Sunday

50
Q

Russian decree that granted full civil rights and promised a popularly elected Duma (parliament) would get legislative power

A

October manifesto

51
Q

New Russian constitution in which the tsar still held lots of power

A

Fundamental laws

52
Q

The Duma consisted primarily of ___________

A

Middle class liberals

53
Q

Nicholas II eventually dismissed the _________

A

Duma

54
Q

Ottoman governor of Egypt

A

Muhammed Ali

55
Q

Ottoman governor of Egypt

A

Muhammed Ali

56
Q

Ali’s growing strength threatened the sultan ______________

A

Mahmud

57
Q

Reforms designed to remake the Ottoman Empire on a Western European model

A

Tanzimat

58
Q

New sultan, issued the imperial rescript

A

Abdulhamid II

59
Q

-ottoman patriots who seized power in a coup, and forced the sultan to implement reform

A

Young Turks

60
Q

The popularly elected lower house of the German confederation

A

Reichstag

61
Q

Supported legislation useful for economic growth and unification

A

national liberals

62
Q

Besmarcks attack in the Catholic Church

A

Kulturkampf

63
Q

Where was Kulturkampf only remotely successful?

A

Protestant Prussia

64
Q

Championed Marxism but in practice turned away deal Marxism revolution. Worked for social and workplace reforms

A

German Social Democrats Party

65
Q

New German emperor, opposed Besmarck’s attempt for anti socialist laws and forced him to resign

A

William II

66
Q

Wanted to govern Paris without interference from country people

A

Paris commune

67
Q

National Assembly led by ___________ ordered the army to crush the commune

A

Adolphe Thiers

68
Q

Gave universal male suffrage to almost all men

A

Third reform bill

69
Q

Proposed after the liberal party came to power, increase spending on social welfare services

A

Peoples budget

70
Q

Led the liberal party

A

David Lloyd George

71
Q

Who won the French presidency of 1848?

A

Louis Napoleon

AP European History (16 decks)

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